94/9/EC - Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 March 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres

This document provides safety requirements specific to binding and finishing equipment and systems. It provides additional safety requirements for the design and construction of new equipment used to convert printed or blank substrates into cut, folded, collated, assembled, bound, or otherwise finished product.
This document is applicable to processes for preparing substrate for the printing process. It is also applicable to a wide range of equipment used in the binding and finishing process.

ISO/IEC 80079-20-1:2017 is published as a dual log standard and provides guidance on classification of gases and vapours. It describes a test method intended for the measurement of the maximum experimental safe gaps (MESG) for gas-air mixtures or vapour-air mixtures under normal conditions of temperature and pressure (20 °C, 101,3 kPa) so as to permit the selection of an appropriate group of equipment. This document also describes a test method intended for use in the determination of the auto-ignition temperature (AIT) of a vapour-air mixture or gas-air mixture at atmospheric pressure, so as to permit the selection of an appropriate temperature class of equipment. Values of chemical properties of materials are provided to assist in the selection of equipment to be used in hazardous areas. Further data may be added as the results of validated tests become available. The materials and the characteristics included in a table (see Annex B) have been selected with particular reference to the use of equipment in hazardous areas. The data in this document have been taken from a number of references which are given in the bibliography. These methods for determining the MESG or the AIT may also be used for gas-air-inert mixtures or vapour-air-inert mixtures. However, data on air-inert mixtures are not tabulated.
Keywords: classification of gases and vapours, measurement of the maximum experimental safe gaps (MESG)

This document specifies methods for the identification and assessment of hazardous situations leading to explosion and the design and construction measures appropriate for the required safety. This is achieved by:
-   risk assessment;
-   risk reduction.
The safety of equipment, protective systems and components can be achieved by eliminating hazards and/or limiting the risk, i.e. by:
a)   appropriate design (without using safeguarding);
b)   safeguarding;
c)   information for use;
d)   any other preventive measures.
Measures in accordance with a) (prevention) and b) (protection) against explosions are dealt with in Clause 6, measures according to c) against explosions are dealt with in Clause 7. Measures in accordance with d) are not specified in this document. They are dealt with in EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 6.
The preventive and protective measures described in this document will not provide the required level of safety unless the equipment, protective systems and components are operated within their intended use and are installed and maintained according to the relevant codes of practice or requirements.
This document specifies general design and construction methods to help designers and manufacturers in achieving explosion safety in the design of equipment, protective systems and components.
This document is applicable to any equipment, protective systems and components intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres, under atmospheric conditions. These atmospheres can arise from flammable/combustible substances processed, used or released by the equipment, protective systems and components or from materials in the vicinity of the equipment, protective systems and components and/or from the materials of construction of the equipment, protective systems and components.
This document is applicable to equipment, protective systems and components at all stages of its use.
This document is only applicable to equipment group II which is intended for use in other places than underground parts of mines and those parts of surface installations of such mines endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust.
This document is not applicable to:
1)   medical devices intended for use in a medical environment;
2)   equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion hazard results exclusively from the presence of explosive substances or unstable chemical substances;
3)   equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion can occur by reaction of substances with other oxidizers than atmospheric oxygen or by other hazardous reactions or by other than atmospheric conditions;
4)   equipment intended for use in domestic and non-commercial environments where potentially explosive atmospheres may only rarely be created, solely as a result of the accidental leakage of fuel gas;
5)   personal protective equipment covered by Regulation (EU) 2016/425;
6)   seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units together with equipment on board such vessels or units;
7)   means of transport, i.e. vehicles and their trailers intended solely for transporting passengers by air or by road, rail or water networks, as well as means of transport insofar as such means are designed for transporting goods by air, by public road or rail networks or by water; vehicles intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere shall not be excluded;
8)   the design and construction of systems containing desired, controlled combustion processes, unless they can act as ignition sources in potentially explosive atmospheres.

This European Standard specifies minimum requirements and tests for electrical apparatus for the detection and measurement of combustible gases, toxic gases or oxygen using software and/or digital technologies. This European Standard is applicable to fixed, transportable and portable apparatus intended for use in domestic premises as well as commercial and industrial applications. This European Standard does not apply to external sampling systems, or to apparatus of laboratory or scientific type, or to apparatus used only for process control purposes. This European Standard supplements the requirements of the European Standards for the detection and measurement of flammable gases and vapours (e.g. EN 60079 29 1, EN 60079-29-4, EN 50194 1, EN 50194 2), toxic gases (e.g. EN 45544 series, EN 50291 1, EN 50291 2) or oxygen (e.g. EN 50104). NOTE 1 These European Standards will be mentioned in this European Standard as "metrological standards". NOTE 2 The examples above show the state of the standardisation for gas detection apparatus at the time of publishing this European Standard. There may be other metrological standards for which this European Standard is also applicable. This European Standard is a product standard which is based on EN 61508 series. It covers part of the phase 10 "realisation" of the overall safety life cycle defined in EN 61508 1. Additional requirements are specified if compliance with safety integrity level 1 (SIL 1) according to EN 61508 series is claimed for fixed or transportable apparatus for low demand mode of operation. NOTE 3 Compliance with safety integrity level 1 (SIL 1) for portable apparatus is not considered because portable apparatus cannot make an automatic executive action. It is recommended to apply this European Standard for apparatus used for safety applications with SIL-requirement 1 instead of EN 50402. However, the technical requirements of EN 50271 and EN 50402 are the same for SIL 1. NOTE 4 For apparatus used for safety applications with SIL-requirements higher than 1 EN 50402 is applicable.

This part of IEC 60079 specifies general and testing requirements for electrical resistance trace heaters for application in explosive gas atmospheres. The standard covers trace heaters that may comprise either factory- or field- (work-site) assembled units, and which may be series heating cables, parallel heating cables or heating pads and heating panels that have been assembled and/or terminated in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. This standard also includes requirements for termination assemblies and control methods used with trace heating. The hazardous areas referred to by this standard are those defined in IEC 60079-10.Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard shall take precedence.

ISO/IEC 80079-20-1:2017 is published as a dual log standard and provides guidance on classification of gases and vapours. It describes a test method intended for the measurement of the maximum experimental safe gaps (MESG) for gas-air mixtures or vapour-air mixtures under normal conditions of temperature and pressure (20 °C, 101,3 kPa) so as to permit the selection of an appropriate group of equipment. This document also describes a test method intended for use in the determination of the auto-ignition temperature (AIT) of a vapour-air mixture or gas-air mixture at atmospheric pressure, so as to permit the selection of an appropriate temperature class of equipment. Values of chemical properties of materials are provided to assist in the selection of equipment to be used in hazardous areas. Further data may be added as the results of validated tests become available. The materials and the characteristics included in a table (see Annex B) have been selected with particular reference to the use of equipment in hazardous areas. The data in this document have been taken from a number of references which are given in the bibliography. These methods for determining the MESG or the AIT may also be used for gas-air-inert mixtures or vapour-air-inert mixtures. However, data on air-inert mixtures are not tabulated.
Keywords: classification of gases and vapours, measurement of the maximum experimental safe gaps (MESG)

This document is applicable to the design, information for use, maintenance and testing of power driven hoists, compact or open construction, with or without trolleys for which the prime mover is an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor. They are designed for the lifting and lowering of loads that are suspended on hooks or other load lifting attachments. Hoists can be used either in cranes, in other machines, e.g. rail dependent storage and retrieval equipment, monorail conveyors or by itself.
This document is applicable to the following types of hoist:
a)   rope hoist;
b)   chain hoist;
c)   belt hoist, except belt hoist with steel belts as hoisting media;
d)   NGL building hoists including supporting structures;
e)   Winches used for lifting operation.
This document is not applicable of the following hazards:
f)   this document does not cover hazards related to builders hoists for the transport of goods as defined in Noise Outdoor Directive (OND) 2000/14/EC;
g)   this document does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons.
This document does not specify additional requirements for hazards related to the use of hoists in explosive atmospheres in underground mines.
The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4.
This document is not applicable to power driven hoists that are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.

IEC 60079-29-1:2016(E) specifies general requirements for construction, testing and performance, and describes the test methods that apply to portable, transportable and fixed equipment for the detection and measurement of flammable gas or vapour concentrations with air. The equipment, or parts thereof, is intended for use in explosive atmospheres and in mines susceptible to firedamp. This second edition of IEC 60079-29-1 cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60079-29-1:2007 series and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Forward of the document for a listing of the extensive changes between this edition and the previous edition. Keywords: detection and measurement of flammable gas or vapour concentrations with air, explosive atmospheres, mines susceptible to firedamp, explosion hazard

This Technical Specification specifies the construction, testing, installation and maintenance of Power i apparatus and systems which utilise electronically controlled spark duration limitation to maintain an adequate level of intrinsic safety.
This Technical Specification contains requirements for intrinsically safe apparatus and wiring intended for use in explosive atmospheres and for associated apparatus intended for connection to intrinsically safe circuits entering such atmospheres.
This Technical Specification excludes the level of protection “ia” and the use of software controlled circuits.
This Technical Specification applies to electrical equipment utilising voltages not
higher than 40 V d.c. and a safety factor 1,5 for Groups IIB, IIA, I and III. It is also applicable to Group IIC “ic” apparatus with a safety factor 1,0. Group IIC “ib” apparatus with a safety factor 1,5 are restricted to voltages up to 32 V d.c.
This type of protection is applicable to electrical equipment in which the electrical circuits themselves are incapable of causing an explosion of the surrounding explosive atmospheres. This Technical Specification is applicable to intrinsically safe apparatus and systems which utilise electronically controlled spark duration limitation with the aim of providing more electrical power while maintaining an adequate level of safety. This Technical Specification is also applicable to electrical equipment or parts of electrical equipment located outside
hazardous areas or protected by another type of protection listed in the IEC 60079 series, where the intrinsic safety of the electrical circuits in explosive atmospheres depends on the design and construction of such electrical equipment or parts of such electrical equipment. The electrical circuits located in the hazardous area are evaluated for use in such locations by applying his Technical Specification. This Technical Specification supplements and modifies the requirements of IEC 60079-0, IEC 60079-11, IEC 60079-14, IEC 60079-17 and IEC 60079-25.

This document specifies methods for the identification and assessment of hazardous situations leading to explosion and the design and construction measures appropriate for the required safety. This is achieved by:
-   risk assessment;
-   risk reduction.
The safety of equipment, protective systems and components can be achieved by eliminating hazards and/or limiting the risk, i.e. by:
a)   appropriate design (without using safeguarding);
b)   safeguarding;
c)   information for use;
d)   any other preventive measures.
Measures in accordance with a) (prevention) and b) (protection) against explosions are dealt with in Clause 6, measures according to c) against explosions are dealt with in Clause 7. Measures in accordance with d) are not specified in this document. They are dealt with in EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 6.
The preventive and protective measures described in this document will not provide the required level of safety unless the equipment, protective systems and components are operated within their intended use and are installed and maintained according to the relevant codes of practice or requirements.
This document specifies general design and construction methods to help designers and manufacturers in achieving explosion safety in the design of equipment, protective systems and components.
This document is applicable to any equipment, protective systems and components intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres, under atmospheric conditions. These atmospheres can arise from flammable/combustible substances processed, used or released by the equipment, protective systems and components or from materials in the vicinity of the equipment, protective systems and components and/or from the materials of construction of the equipment, protective systems and components.
This document is applicable to equipment, protective systems and components at all stages of its use.
This document is only applicable to equipment group II which is intended for use in other places than underground parts of mines and those parts of surface installations of such mines endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust.
This document is not applicable to:
1)   medical devices intended for use in a medical environment;
2)   equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion hazard results exclusively from the presence of explosive substances or unstable chemical substances;
3)   equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion can occur by reaction of substances with other oxidizers than atmospheric oxygen or by other hazardous reactions or by other than atmospheric conditions;
4)   equipment intended for use in domestic and non-commercial environments where potentially explosive atmospheres may only rarely be created, solely as a result of the accidental leakage of fuel gas;
5)   personal protective equipment covered by Regulation (EU) 2016/425;
6)   seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units together with equipment on board such vessels or units;
7)   means of transport, i.e. vehicles and their trailers intended solely for transporting passengers by air or by road, rail or water networks, as well as means of transport insofar as such means are designed for transporting goods by air, by public road or rail networks or by water; vehicles intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere shall not be excluded;
8)   the design and construction of systems containing desired, controlled combustion processes, unless they can act as ignition sources in potentially explosive atmospheres.

ISO 80079-36:2016 specifies the basic method and requirements for design, construction, testing and marking of non-electrical Ex equipment, Ex Components, protective systems, devices and assemblies
of these products that have their own potential ignition sources and are intended for use in explosive atmospheres. Hand tools and manually operated equipment without energy storage are excluded from the scope of this standard. This standard does not address the safety of static autonomous process equipment when it is not part of equipment referred to in this standard. This standard does not specify requirements for safety, other than those directly related to the risk of ignition which may then lead to an explosion. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion    characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it may be assumed that equipment can be operated are:
- temperature -20 °C to 60 °C;
- pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar); and
- air with normal oxygen content, typically 21 % v/v. Such atmospheres can also exist inside the equipment. In addition, the external atmosphere can be drawn inside the equipment by natural breathing produced as a result of fluctuations in the equipment's internal operating pressure, and/or temperature. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 specifies the requirements for the design and      
construction of equipment, intended for explosive atmospheres in conformity with all Equipment Protection Levels (EPLs) of Group I, II and III. This standard supplements and modifies the general    
requirements of IEC 60079-0, as shown in Table 1 in the Scope of the document.                                                          
Keywords: mechanical explosion protected equipment

ISO 80079-37:2016 specifies the requirements for the design and construction of non-electrical equipment, intended for use in explosive atmospheres, protected by the types of protection        
constructional safety "c", control of ignition source "b" and liquid immersion "k". This part of ISO/IEC 80079 supplements and modifies the requirements in ISO 80079-36. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with the requirement of ISO 80079-36 the requirement of this standard takes precedence. Types of protection "c", "k" and "b" are not applicable for Group I, EPL Ma without    
additional protective precautions. The types of ignition protection described in the standard can be used either on their own or in combination with each other to meet the requirements for equipment of Group I, Group II, and Group III depending on the ignition hazard assessment in ISO 80079-36.                                        
Keywords: constructional safety "c", control of ignition source "b" and liquid immersion "k"

This document is applicable to the design, information for use, maintenance and testing of power driven hoists, compact or open construction, with or without trolleys for which the prime mover is an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor. They are designed for the lifting and lowering of loads that are suspended on hooks or other load lifting attachments. Hoists can be used either in cranes, in other machines, e.g. rail dependent storage and retrieval equipment, monorail conveyors or by itself.
This document is applicable to the following types of hoist:
a)   rope hoist;
b)   chain hoist;
c)   belt hoist, except belt hoist with steel belts as hoisting media;
d)   NGL building hoists including supporting structures;
e)   Winches used for lifting operation.
This document is not applicable of the following hazards:
f)   this document does not cover hazards related to builders hoists for the transport of goods as defined in Noise Outdoor Directive (OND) 2000/14/EC;
g)   this document does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons.
This document does not specify additional requirements for hazards related to the use of hoists in explosive atmospheres in underground mines.
The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4.
This document is not applicable to power driven hoists that are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.

This Technical Specification specifies the construction, testing, installation and maintenance of Power i apparatus and systems which utilise electronically controlled spark duration limitation to maintain an adequate level of intrinsic safety. This Technical Specification contains requirements for intrinsically safe apparatus and wiring intended for use in explosive atmospheres and for associated apparatus intended for connection to intrinsically safe circuits entering such atmospheres. This Technical Specification excludes the level of protection “ia” and the use of software controlled circuits. This Technical Specification applies to electrical equipment utilising voltages not higher than 40 V d.c. and a safety factor 1,5 for Groups IIB, IIA, I and III. It is also applicable to Group IIC “ic” apparatus with a safety factor 1,0. Group IIC “ib” apparatus with a safety factor 1,5 are restricted to voltages up to 32 V d.c. This type of protection is applicable to electrical equipment in which the electrical circuits themselves are incapable of causing an explosion of the surrounding explosive atmospheres. This Technical Specification is applicable to intrinsically safe apparatus and systems which utilise electronically controlled spark duration limitation with the aim of providing more electrical power while maintaining an adequate level of safety. This Technical Specification is also applicable to electrical equipment or parts of electrical equipment located outside hazardous areas or protected by another type of protection listed in the IEC 60079 series, where the intrinsic safety of the electrical circuits in explosive atmospheres depends on the design and construction of such electrical equipment or parts of such electrical equipment. The electrical circuits located in the hazardous area are evaluated for use in such locations by applying his Technical Specification. This Technical Specification supplements and modifies the requirements of IEC 60079-0, IEC 60079-11, IEC 60079-14, IEC 60079-17 and IEC 60079-25.

This European Standard describes a test method for the determination of the burning behaviour of dust layers under defined initial conditions of air flow, temperature and ignition.
A test result of burning class 1 with the described method does not mean that a dust cannot be ignited when dispersed in a cloud.
This method is not suitable for use with recognized explosives, like gunpowder and dynamite, explosives which do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion, pyrophoric substances, or substances or mixtures of substances which may under some circumstances behave in a similar manner. Expert advice should be called in, when any doubt exists about the existence of hazard due to explosive properties.

This European Standard specifies minimum requirements and tests for electrical apparatus for the detection and measurement of combustible gases, toxic gases or oxygen using software and/or digital technologies.
This European Standard is applicable to fixed, transportable and portable apparatus intended for use in domestic premises as well as commercial and industrial applications.
This European Standard does not apply to external sampling systems, or to apparatus of laboratory or scientific type, or to apparatus used only for process control purposes.
This European Standard supplements the requirements of the European Standards for the detection and measurement of flammable gases and vapours (e.g. EN 60079 29 1, EN 60079-29-4, EN 50194 1, EN 50194 2), toxic gases (e.g. EN 45544 series, EN 50291 1, EN 50291 2) or oxygen (e.g. EN 50104).
NOTE 1 These European Standards will be mentioned in this European Standard as "metrological standards".
NOTE 2 The examples above show the state of the standardisation for gas detection apparatus at the time of publishing this European Standard. There may be other metrological standards for which this European Standard is also applicable.
This European Standard is a product standard which is based on EN 61508 series. It covers part of the phase 10 "realisation" of the overall safety life cycle defined in EN 61508 1.
Additional requirements are specified if compliance with safety integrity level 1 (SIL 1) according to EN 61508 series is claimed for fixed or transportable apparatus for low demand mode of operation.
NOTE 3 Compliance with safety integrity level 1 (SIL 1) for portable apparatus is not considered because portable apparatus cannot make an automatic executive action.
It is recommended to apply this European Standard for apparatus used for safety applications with SIL-requirement 1 instead of EN 50402. However, the technical requirements of EN 50271 and EN 50402 are the same for SIL 1.
NOTE 4 For apparatus used for safety applications with SIL-requirements higher than 1 EN 50402 is applicable.

This European Standard specifies requirements for explosion resistant equipment which will be able to withstand an internal explosion without rupturing and will not give rise to dangerous effects to the surroundings. It is applicable to equipment (vessels and systems) where explosions are considered to be an exceptional load case.
There are two types of explosion resistant equipment: explosion pressure resistant and explosion pressure shock-resistant equipment (see Figure 1).
(...)
Explosion pressure resistant equipment is designed to withstand the explosion pressure without permanent deformation and will not give rise to dangerous effects to the surroundings. Since the design and calculation methods for explosion pressure resistant equipment are similar to those described in EN 13445-1 to -6 "Unfired pressure vessels" they are not repeated in this standard.
For explosion pressure shock resistant equipment permanent deformation is allowed provided the equipment will not give rise to dangerous effects to the surroundings. This design has been developed especially for explosion protection purposes. This standard focusses on the requirements for explosion pressure shock resistant equipment.
This standard is valid for atmospheres having absolute pressures ranging from 800 mbar to 1 100 mbar and temperatures ranging from −20 °C to +60 °C. This standard may also be helpful for the design, construction, testing and marking of equipment intended for use in atmospheres outside the validity range stated above, as far as this subject is not covered by specific standards.
This standard applies to equipment and combinations of equipment where deflagrations may occur and is not applicable to equipment and combination of equipment where detonations may occur. In this case, different design criteria for the required explosion resistance are applicable which are not covered by this standard.
It is not applicable to equipment which is designed according to type of protection, flameproof enclosures "d" (EN 13463-3 or EN 60079-1).
This standard does not apply to offshore situations.
This standard is only applicable for equipment where metallic materials provide the explosion resistance. This standard does not cover fire risk associated with the explosions, neither with the materials processed nor with the materials used for construction.

IEC 60079-7:2015(E) specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment and Ex Components with type of protection increased safety "e" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. Electrical equipment and Ex Components of type of protection increased safety "e" are either: - Level of Protection "eb" (EPL "Mb" or "Gb"); - or Level of Protection "ec" (EPL "Gc"). Level of Protection "eb" applies to equipment or Ex Components, including their connections, conductors, windings, lamps, and batteries; but not including semiconductors or electrolytic capacitors. Level of Protection "ec" applies to equipment or Ex Components, including their connections, conductors, windings, lamps, and batteries; and also including semiconductors and electrolytic capacitors. The requirements of this standard apply to both Levels of Protection unless otherwise stated. For Level of Protection "eb", this standard applies to electrical equipment where the rated voltage does not exceed 11 kV r.m.s., a.c. or d.c. For Level of Protection "ec", this standard applies to electrical equipment where the rated voltage does not exceed 15 kV r.m.s., a.c. or d.c. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2006, and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 5.0 and previous edition of the document. Keywords: electrical equipment and Ex Components with type of protection increased safety "e" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres.

IEC 60079-28:2015 is available as IEC 60079-28:2015 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60079-28:2015 specifies the requirements, testing and marking of equipment emitting optical radiation intended for use in explosive atmospheres. It also covers equipment located outside the explosive atmosphere or protected by a Type of Protection listed in IEC 60079-0, but which generates optical radiation that is intended to enter an explosive atmosphere. It covers Groups I, II and III, and EPLs Ga, Gb, Gc, Da, Db, Dc, Ma and Mb. This standard does not cover ignition by ultraviolet radiation and by absorption of the radiation in the explosive mixture itself. Explosive absorbers or absorbers that contain their own oxidizer as well as catalytic absorbers are also outside the scope of this standard. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2006, and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 2.0 and previous edition of the document. Keywords: equipment emitting optical radiation intended for use in explosive atmospheres

This European Standard describes a test method for the determination of the burning behaviour of dust layers under defined initial conditions of air flow, temperature and ignition.
A test result of burning class 1 with the described method does not mean that a dust cannot be ignited when dispersed in a cloud.
This method is not suitable for use with recognized explosives, like gunpowder and dynamite, explosives which do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion, pyrophoric substances, or substances or mixtures of substances which may under some circumstances behave in a similar manner. Expert advice should be called in, when any doubt exists about the existence of hazard due to explosive properties.

NEW! IEC 60079-29-2:2015 is available as IEC Standards+ 60079-29-2:2015 which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60079-29-2:2015 gives guidance on, and recommended practice for, the selection, installation, safe use and maintenance of electrically operated Group II equipment intended for use in industrial and commercial safety applications and Group I equipment in underground coal mines for the detection and measurement of flammable gases complying with the requirements of IEC 60079-29-1 or IEC 60079-29-4. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. Please refer to the Foreword of the document for a listing of the changes from the previous edition. Keywords: gas detectors, flammable gases, vapours

1.1 This European Standard specifies requirements for automatic electrostatic flock application equipment which is designed for applying ignitable flock which may form explosive atmospheres in the flock application area. In this context a distinction is made between flock application devices which due to their type of construction comply with the requirements as laid down in EN 50050-3, as applicable, and those for which higher discharge energies are stipulated. This European Standard also specifies the constructional requirements for a safe operation of the stationary equipment of flock application booths, including the electrical installations and the accessories. This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to flock application booths, when they are used as intended and under conditions which are foreseeable as malfunction by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). 1.2 This European Standard considers three types of electrostatic flock systems. For more details, see Table 1. 1.3 This European Standard deals with those hazards occurring during stationary automatic electrostatic flocking. Among these hazards are, above all, ignition hazards of the generated explosive atmosphere and hazard to persons. 1.4 The stationary equipment dealt with in this European Standard is considered to be equipment of group II, category 3D for the use in areas with potential explosion hazards of zone 22. 1.5 This European Standard is not applicable for - flock systems in which mixtures of solvent vapours in air occur with a concentration of > 20 % of the LEL, - flock systems operated with AC voltage, - the application system for liquid or pasty substances (e.g. adhesives, primer), - the cleaning of flock application booths, - the storage and handling of ignitable substances outside the coating plant.

IEC 60079-6:2015 specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and marking of Ex Equipment and Ex Components with type of protection liquid immersion "o" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. Ex Equipment and Ex Components of type of protection liquid immersion "o" are either: - Level of Protection "ob" (EPL "Mb" or "Gb") or - Level of Protection "oc" (EPL "Gc"). For Level of Protection "ob", this standard applies where the rated voltage does not exceed 11 kV r.m.s. a.c. or d.c. For Level of Protection "oc", this standard applies where the rated voltage does not exceed 15 kV r.m.s. a.c. or d.c. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition, published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The significant changes with respect to the previous edition are: - Edition 4 represents a major technical revision of the requirements for oil immersion "o" and should be considered as introducing all new requirements. The normal "Table of Significant Changes" has not been included for this reason. In particular: - The requirements for oil immersion "o" have been redefined into liquid immersion, levels of protection "ob" and "oc" as recommended by the responses to 31/715/DC; - The ability to protect sparking contacts has been added to both "ob" and "oc". Additional requirements have been introduced for the protective liquid. Keywords: Ex Equipment and Ex Components with type of protection liquid immersion "o"

NEW! IEC 60079-5:2015 is available as IEC Standards+ 60079-5:2015 which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60079-5:2015 contains specific requirements for the construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment, parts of electrical equipment and Ex components in the type of protection powder filling "q", intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This standard applies to electrical equipment, parts of electrical equipment and Ex components with:
- a rated supply current less than or equal to 16 A; - a rated supply voltage less than or equal to 1 000 V; - a rated power consumption less than or equal to 1 000 W. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition, published in 2007, and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 4.0 and previous edition of the document. Keywords: electrical equipment and Ex components in the type of protection powder filling "q"

This European Standard specifies requirements for explosion resistant equipment which will be able to withstand an internal explosion without rupturing and will not give rise to dangerous effects to the surroundings. It is applicable to equipment (vessels and systems) where explosions are considered to be an exceptional load case.
There are two types of explosion resistant equipment: explosion pressure resistant and explosion pressure shock-resistant equipment (see Figure 1).
(...)
Explosion pressure resistant equipment is designed to withstand the explosion pressure without permanent deformation and will not give rise to dangerous effects to the surroundings. Since the design and calculation methods for explosion pressure resistant equipment are similar to those described in EN 13445-1 to -6 "Unfired pressure vessels" they are not repeated in this standard.
For explosion pressure shock resistant equipment permanent deformation is allowed provided the equipment will not give rise to dangerous effects to the surroundings. This design has been developed especially for explosion protection purposes. This standard focusses on the requirements for explosion pressure shock resistant equipment.
This standard is valid for atmospheres having absolute pressures ranging from 800 mbar to 1 100 mbar and temperatures ranging from −20 °C to +60 °C. This standard may also be helpful for the design, construction, testing and marking of equipment intended for use in atmospheres outside the validity range stated above, as far as this subject is not covered by specific standards.
This standard applies to equipment and combinations of equipment where deflagrations may occur and is not applicable to equipment and combination of equipment where detonations may occur. In this case, different design criteria for the required explosion resistance are applicable which are not covered by this standard.
It is not applicable to equipment which is designed according to type of protection, flameproof enclosures "d" (EN 13463-3 or EN 60079-1).
This standard does not apply to offshore situations.
This standard is only applicable for equipment where metallic materials provide the explosion resistance. This standard does not cover fire risk associated with the explosions, neither with the materials processed nor with the materials used for construction.

NEW! IEC 60079-18:2014 is available as IEC Standards+ 60079-18:2014 which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60079-18:2014 gives the specific requirements for the construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment, parts of electrical equipment and Ex components with the type of protection encapsulation "m" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres or explosive dust atmospheres. This part applies only for encapsulated electrical equipment, encapsulated parts of electrical equipment and encapsulat ed Ex components (hereinafter always referred to as "m" equipment) where the rated voltage does not exceed 11 kV. The application of electrical equipment in atmospheres, which may contain explosive gas as well as combustible dust simultaneously, may require additional protective measures. This standard does not apply to dusts of explosives, which do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion, or to pyrophoric substances. This standard does not take account of any risk due to an emission of flammable or toxic gas from the dust. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requireme nt of this standard takes precedence. This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60079-0, Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment-General requirements.This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition of IEC 60079-18:2009, and constitutes a technical revision. Please refer to the foreword of the document for a listing of the technical changes with respect to the previous edition. Keywords: encapsulation "m", explosive gas atmospheres, explosive dust atmospheres

This European Standard specifies two test methods (method T and method B) to determine the explosion limits of gases, vapours and their mixtures, mixed with air. An air/inert gas mixture (volume fraction of the oxygen < 21 %) can be used as the oxidizer instead of air. In this European Standard, the term "air" includes such air/inert mixtures. This European Standard applies to gases, vapours and their mixtures at atmospheric pressure for temperatures up to 200 °C.
This European Standard specifies in addition the method for determining the LOC of mixtures consisting of flammable gas or vapour, air and inert gas at atmospheric pressure and temperatures from ambient temperature to 200 °C.
NOTE: This method was previously specified in EN 14756.

NEW! IEC 60079-26:2014 is available as IEC Standards+ 60079-26:2014 which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60079-26:2014 specifies alternative requirements for construction, test and marking for electrical equipment that provides Equipment Protection Level (EPL) Ga when single standardised Types of Protection (e.g. Ex "ia", Ex "ma", Ex "da") cannot be applied. This standard also applies to equipment mounted across a boundary where different Equipment Protection Levels may be required. This electrical equipment, within the operational parameters specified by the manufacturer, ensures a very high Level of Protection that includes rare malfunctions related to the equipment or two malfunctions occurring independently of each other. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006 and constitutes a technical revision. The numerous changes are identified in the Foreword of the document. Keywords: Equipment Protection Level (EPL) Ga

NEW! IEC 60079-2:2014 is available as IEC Standards+ 60079-2:2014 which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60079-2:2014 contains the specific requirements for the construction and testing of electrical equipment with pressurized enclosures, of type of protection "p", intended for use in explosi ve gas atmospheres or explosive dust atmospheres. It also includes the requirements for pressurized enclosures containing a limited release of a flammable substance. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirements of this standard take precedence. This standard does not include the requirements for: - pressurized enclosures where the containment system may release air with an oxygen content greater than normal, or oxygen in combination with inert gas where the oxygen is in a proportion greater than 21 %; - pressurized rooms or analyser houses; see IEC 60079-13; - pressurized enclosures used where "explosives" or pyrotechnics are present; - pressurized enclosures used where hybrid mixtures of gas/vapour and combustible dust are present; - pressurized enclosures used where pyrophoric substances such as explosives or propellants containing their own oxidizers are present; - pressurized enclosures with an internal source of release of combustible dust. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2007. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 61241-4 published in 2001. This sixth edition constitutes a technical revision. The significance of changes between IEC 60079-2, Edition 6.0, 2014 and IEC 60079-2, Edition 5.0, 2007 are as listed in the foreword of the document. Keywords: electrical equipment with pressurized enclosures, type of protection "p", explosive gas atmospheres, explosive dust atmospheres

IEC 60079-1: 2014 contains specific requirements for the construction and testing of electrical equipment with the type of protection flameproof enclosure "d", intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard will take precedence. This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition, published in 2007, and constitutes a technical revision. The numerous changes are identified in the Foreward of the document. Keywords: flameproof enclosure "d", explosive gas atmospheres

ISO/IEC 80079-38:2016 is published as a dual logo standard and specifies the explosion protection requirements for the design, construction, assessment and information for use (maintenance, repair, marking) of equipment that may be an individual item or form an assembly. This includes machinery and components for use in mines susceptible to explosive atmospheres of firedamp and/or combustible
dust. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it may be assumed that equipment can be operated are:
- temperature -20 °C to 60 °C;
- pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar);
- and air with normal oxygen content, typically 21 % v/v. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 applies for equipment and components according to EPL Mb to be used in explosive atmospheres containing firedamp and/or combustible dust. For equipment and components according to EPL Ma, the requirements of this standard and of ISO 80079-36 and IEC 60079-0 apply. It is necessary to take account of external  
conditions to the equipment which may affect the hazard and the resultant protection measures. These measures may include ventilation, gas detection or gas drainage. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 also deals with the prevention of ignitions of explosive atmospheres caused by burning (or smouldering) of combustible material such as fabric fibres, plastic "O"-rings, rubber seals, lubricating oils or greases used in the construction of the equipment if such items could be an ignition source. For example, the mechanical failure of rotating shaft bearings can result in frictional heating that ignites its plastic cage, plastic seal or lubricating grease. Detailed requirements and test procedures for the fire protection of conveyer belts are not part of this part of ISO/IEC 80079.         Keywords: explosive atmospheres in underground mines, combustible dust

This part of IEC 60079 specifies general and testing requirements for electrical resistance trace heaters for application in explosive gas atmospheres. The standard covers trace heaters that may comprise either factory- or field- (work-site) assembled units, and which may be series heating cables, parallel heating cables or heating pads and heating panels that have been assembled and/or terminated in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. This standard also includes requirements for termination assemblies and control methods used with trace heating. The hazardous areas referred to by this standard are those defined in IEC 60079-10.Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard shall take precedence.

IEC 60079-29-3:2014 gives guidance for the design and implementation of a fixed gas detection system, including associated and/or peripheral gas detection equipment, for the detection of flammable gases/vapours and oxygen when used in a safety-related application in accordance with IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. This International standard also applies to the detection of toxic gases. Other parts of this international standard and pertinent local, national and international standards separately specify the performance requirements of a gas detector and a gas detection control unit (logic solver). These standards are commonly known as Metrological Performance Standards and are concerned with the accuracy of the measured value, the overall system performance, but not the device or system integrity with respect to the safety function. This international standard applies to the integrity of the safety function. Keywords: fixed gas detection system, flammable gases/vapours and Oxygen, detection of toxic gases

This European Standard specifies two test methods (method T and method B) to determine the explosion limits of gases, vapours and their mixtures, mixed with air. An air/inert gas mixture (volume fraction of the oxygen < 21 %) can be used as the oxidizer instead of air. In this European Standard, the term "air" includes such air/inert mixtures. This European Standard applies to gases, vapours and their mixtures at atmospheric pressure for temperatures up to 200 °C.
This European Standard specifies in addition the method for determining the LOC of mixtures consisting of flammable gas or vapour, air and inert gas at atmospheric pressure and temperatures from ambient temperature to 200 °C.
NOTE: This method was previously specified in EN 14756.

IEC 60079-29-1:2016(E) specifies general requirements for construction, testing and performance, and describes the test methods that apply to portable, transportable and fixed equipment for the detection and measurement of flammable gas or vapour concentrations with air. The equipment, or parts thereof, is intended for use in explosive atmospheres and in mines susceptible to firedamp. This second edition of IEC 60079-29-1 cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60079-29-1:2007 series and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Forward of the document for a listing of the extensive changes between this edition and the previous edition.
Keywords: detection and measurement of flammable gas or vapour concentrations with air, explosive atmospheres, mines susceptible to firedamp, explosion hazard

ISO/IEC 80079-38:2016 is published as a dual logo standard and specifies the explosion protection requirements for the design, construction, assessment and information for use (maintenance, repair, marking) of equipment that may be an individual item or form an assembly. This includes machinery and components for use in mines susceptible to explosive atmospheres of firedamp and/or combustible
dust. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it may be assumed that equipment can be operated are:
- temperature -20 °C to 60 °C;
- pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar);
- and air with normal oxygen content, typically 21 % v/v. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 applies for equipment and components according to EPL Mb to be used in explosive atmospheres containing firedamp and/or combustible dust. For equipment and components according to EPL Ma, the requirements of this standard and of ISO 80079-36 and IEC 60079-0 apply. It is necessary to take account of external  
conditions to the equipment which may affect the hazard and the resultant protection measures. These measures may include ventilation, gas detection or gas drainage. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 also deals with the prevention of ignitions of explosive atmospheres caused by burning (or smouldering) of combustible material such as fabric fibres, plastic "O"-rings, rubber seals, lubricating oils or greases used in the construction of the equipment if such items could be an ignition source. For example, the mechanical failure of rotating shaft bearings can result in frictional heating that ignites its plastic cage, plastic seal or lubricating grease. Detailed requirements and test procedures for the fire protection of conveyer belts are not part of this part of ISO/IEC 80079.         Keywords: explosive atmospheres in underground mines, combustible dust

IEC 60079-31:2013 is applicable to electrical equipment protected by enclosure and surface temperature limitation for use in explosive dust atmospheres. It specifies requirements for design, construction and testing of electrical equipment and Ex Components. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This standard does not apply to dusts of explosives, which do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion, or to pyrophoric substances. This standard does not apply to electrical equipment or Ex Components intended for use in underground parts of mines as well as those parts of surface installations of such mines endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust. This standard does not take account of any risk due to an emission of flammable or toxic gas from the dust. Consideration of additional protective measures is required where the application of electrical equipment is in atmospheres, which can contain combustible dust as well as explosive gas, whether simultaneously or separately. Where the electrical equipment has to meet other environmental conditions, for example, protection against ingress of water and resistance to corrosion, additional measures can be necessary. The measures used should not adversely affect the integrity of the enclosure. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The major technical changes include: - The marked maximum surface temperature shall be measured on the external surfaces of the enclosure and the surfaces of the internal components for equipment with types of protection 'ta'; - Additional protection for arcing and sparking parts for 'ta'; - Test for internal enclosure for level 'ta' added. Keywords: explosive dust atmospheres

1.1 This European Standard specifies the requirements for hand-held or hand-operated electrostatic spraying equipment for ignitable liquid coating materials to be used in explosive atmospheres generated by their own spray cloud within a temperature range from 5 °C to 40 °C. This European Standard deals with all hazards significant for the electrostatic spraying of liquid coating materials, which could also contain small quantities of added metal particles, if the work is carried out under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. In particular, this includes ignition hazards resulting from the generated explosive atmosphere. This European Standard specifies the design-related and test requirements for electrostatic spraying equipment of type A-L according to Table 1 of EN 50176:2009. 1.2 With regard to explosion protection and prevention measures, this European Standard also applies to ionisators with high voltage corona charging. Ionisators in conformity with EN 50050-1 provide equipment category 2G. Parts of ionisators, which are intended to be used or installed in Zone 2, provide equipment category 3G in conformity with EN 50050-1, see Annex D. 1.3 Electrostatic applicators are considered to be equipment of group II, category 2G for use in potentially explosive areas of zone 1 or 2, which have been generated by the equipment itself. All other parts of hand-held electrostatic spraying equipment are considered to be equipment of category 3G if they are installed or used in potentially explosive areas of zone 2. 1.4 All other significant hazards relevant for applicators (e.g. ejection of fluids, mechanical strength, electrical hazards (apart from the electrostatic hazards), noise, explosion, contact with or inhalation of dangerous substances, ergonomics) are covered by EN 1953. 1.5 This European Standard also gives details regarding quality assurance systems for electrostatic spraying equipment, see Annex C. 1.6 Additional requirements may be applicable to equipment designed for use in food and pharmaceutical industry. 1.7 This European Standard does not apply to  zone classification of the areas in and around spray booths [see EN 12215],  zone classification of other areas with potentially explosive atmosphere [see EN 60079-10-1],  selection, erection and application of other electrical and non-electrical equipment in areas with explosion hazard [see EN 60079 14 and EN 12215],  cleaning of spraying areas, see instruction manual of the spraying equipment,  fire prevention and protection, for instance fire hazards due to other sources [see EN 12215],  requirements for machinery for the supply and recirculation of coating material under pressure [see EN 12621]. 1.8 When processing coating materials having specific electrical properties (conductivity, resistivity) the function of the hand-held spraying equipment to charge coating materials electrostatically may be affected as a result of a voltage drop at the charging electrode.

1.1 This European Standard specifies the requirements for hand-held or hand-operated electrostatic spraying equipment for ignitable flock within a temperature range from 5 °C to 40 °C to be used in explosive atmospheres generated by their own spray cloud. This European Standard deals with all electrical hazards significant for the electrostatic spraying of flock, which could also contain small quantities of added metal particles, if the work is carried out under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. In particular, this includes ignition hazards resulting from the generated explosive atmosphere. This European Standard specifies the design-related and test requirements for electrostatic spraying equipment of type A-F and type B-F according to Table 1 of EN 50223:2010. 1.2 Electrostatic applicators are considered to be equipment of group II, category 3D for use in potentially explosive areas of zone 22. All other parts of hand-held electrostatic spraying equipment are considered to be equipment of category 3D if they are installed or used in potentially explosive areas of zone 22. NOTE 1 Solvent vapours which could be evaporated by workpieces coated with adhesives do not lead to a zone 2 in the flocking area. 1.3 In addition to the requirements above, the requirements of EN 1953 applies with regard to all other significant hazards relevant for applicators (e.g. health hazards, inadequate ergonomics). 1.4 This European Standard does not apply to  zone classification of the areas in and around spray booths [see EN 50223],  zone classification of other areas with potentially explosive atmosphere [see EN 60079-10-2],  selection, erection and application of other electrical and non-electrical equipment in areas with explosion hazard [see EN 60079 14 and EN 50223],  cleaning of spraying areas, see instruction manual of the spraying equipment,  fire prevention and protection, for instance fire hazards due to other sources [see EN 50223],  explosion protection systems [see EN 50223],  dust hazards [see EN 12981]. NOTE 2 Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard for hand-held spraying equipment for ignitable flock.

ISO/IEC 80079-20-2:2016 is published as a dual logo standard and describes the test methods for the identification of combustible dust and combustible dust layers in order to permit classification
of areas where such materials exist for the purpose of the proper selection and installation of electrical and mechanical equipment for use in the presence of combustible dust. The standard    
atmospheric conditions for determination of characteristics of combustible dusts are:
- temperature -20 °C to 60 °C,
- pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar) and
- air with normal oxygen content, typically 21 % v/v. The test methods defined do not apply to:
- recognized explosives, propellants (e.g. gunpowder, dynamite), or substances or mixtures of substances which may, under some circumstances, behave in a similar manner or
- dusts of explosives and propellants that do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion, or to pyrophoric substances. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 61241-2-1 published in 1994, the first edition of IEC 61241-2-2 published in 1993 and the first edition of IEC 61241-2-3 published in 1994, combining the requirements into a single document, and is considered to constitute a technical revision. Significant changes with respect to IEC 61241-2-1:1994, IEC 61241-2-2:1993 and IEC 61241-2-3:1994 can be found in the foreword of the document.      
Keywords: combustible dust

This European Standard specifies the safety requirements for the erection of new electrical installations.
This European Standard is supplementary to other relevant harmonized standards, for example HD 60364 series and the EN 61936 series as regards electrical installation requirements.
This European Standard also refers to EN 60079-0 and its associated standards for the construction, testing and marking requirements of suitable electrical equipment.
EN 60079 14 gives the specific requirements for design, selection and erection of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres.
NOTE   EN 60079-14 can apply to electrical installations in mines where explosive gas atmospheres other than firedamp can be formed and to electrical installations in the surface installation of mines.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   electrical installation in underground workings of mines;
b)   electrical installations and parts of electrical installation above ground, which are directly connected with the underground workings in functional and safety relating matters because of being part of the underground working process:
These are in particular:
-   safety and monitoring devices relating to the power distribution of the underground workings,
-   communication system of hoisting and inclined haulage plants,
-   intrinsically safe electrical installations of above ground installation being part of underground workings,
-   remote control systems if they shall fulfil increased requirements relating to functional safety,
-   electrical installation and electrical equipment of ventilation systems and shaft casings above ground being endangered by firedamp of the underground ventilation,
-   firedamp drainage systems;
c)   electrical installation in underground workings outside mining if it is demanded of the competent national authorities.
National regulations of the mining authority shall remain unaffected.
This standard applies to installations at all voltages mentioned in Clause 10.
Requirements above both columns are requirements of all underground workings.
Gassy mines
Requirements within left column are requirements for underground workings in the coal mining industry which could be endangered by firedamp.   Other mines
Requirements within right column are requirements for underground workings of the coal mining industry not likely to be endangered by firedamp and for underground workings of non-coal mining industry.

This European Standard specifies the safety requirements for the erection of new electrical installations. This European Standard is supplementary to other relevant harmonized standards, for example HD 60364 series and the EN 61936 series as regards electrical installation requirements. This European Standard also refers to EN 60079-0 and its associated standards for the construction, testing and marking requirements of suitable electrical equipment. EN 60079 14 gives the specific requirements for design, selection and erection of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres. NOTE EN 60079-14 can apply to electrical installations in mines where explosive gas atmospheres other than firedamp can be formed and to electrical installations in the surface installation of mines. This European Standard applies to: a) electrical installation in underground workings of mines; b) electrical installations and parts of electrical installation above ground, which are directly connected with the underground workings in functional and safety relating matters because of being part of the underground working process: These are in particular: - safety and monitoring devices relating to the power distribution of the underground workings, - communication system of hoisting and inclined haulage plants, - intrinsically safe electrical installations of above ground installation being part of underground workings, - remote control systems if they shall fulfil increased requirements relating to functional safety, - electrical installation and electrical equipment of ventilation systems and shaft casings above ground being endangered by firedamp of the underground ventilation, - firedamp drainage systems; c) electrical installation in underground workings outside mining if it is demanded of the competent national authorities. National regulations of the mining authority shall remain unaffected. This standard applies to installations at all voltages mentioned in Clause 10. Requirements above both columns are requirements of all underground workings. Gassy mines Requirements within left column are requirements for underground workings in the coal mining industry which could be endangered by firedamp. Other mines Requirements within right column are requirements for underground workings of the coal mining industry not likely to be endangered by firedamp and for underground workings of non-coal mining industry.

1.1   This European Standard contains the specific requirements for the construction and testing of transportable ventilated rooms (TVR's), such as skid mounted analyser houses with type of protection 'v' intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. Transportable in this sense means manufactured in one location (the manufacturer's premises) for trade and transportation to another location (the user's premises) for installation and use. This European Standard supplements European Standard EN 50014 or where appropriate EN 50021, the requirements of which apply to electrical apparatus with type of protection 'v' except as modified within this standard. This standard does not contain the requirements for equipment group II, category 1 or equipment group I, category M1. This standard does not contain the requirements for equipment group I, category M2 where there exists a potential source of release. This standard does not contain the requirements for group II where there exists a potential hazard from combustible dusts.
NOTE   It is not the intention of this European Standard to cover stationary analyzer houses according to EN 61285.
1.2   This European Standard includes the requirements for the construction of the TVR and its associated components including, the inlet and outlet apertures for the ventilation gas supply and for the safety provisions and devices necessary for the type of protection 'v'.
1.3   This European Standard specifies the requirements for TVR's with or without an internal source of release of potentially flammable or toxic, gas, liquid or vapour (for example analyzers placed within the TVR).
1.4   Due to the safety factors incorporated in the type of protection, the uncertainty of measurement inherent in good quality, regularly calibrated measurement equipment is considered to have no significant detrimental effect and need not be taken into account when making the measurements necessary to verify compliance of the apparatus with the requirements of this standard.

from CEN/TC 188 N362: The revision of EN 14973 should be started to bring it in line with the revised EN 12881-1 and EN 12881-2. (see Resolution 2/2011). The experts present agree that an Annex should be added to EN 14973 to specify that Family approval for belts is possible. Resolution 2/2011: The experts present agree that general revision of EN 14973 and EN 12882 is needed due to the work being done on EN 12881-1 and EN 12881-2.

ISO 80079-37:2016 specifies the requirements for the design and construction of non-electrical equipment, intended for use in explosive atmospheres, protected by the types of protection        
constructional safety "c", control of ignition source "b" and liquid immersion "k". This part of ISO/IEC 80079 supplements and modifies the requirements in ISO 80079-36. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with the requirement of ISO 80079-36 the requirement of this standard takes precedence. Types of protection "c", "k" and "b" are not applicable for Group I, EPL Ma without    
additional protective precautions. The types of ignition protection described in the standard can be used either on their own or in combination with each other to meet the requirements for equipment of Group I, Group II, and Group III depending on the ignition hazard assessment in ISO 80079-36.                                        
Keywords: constructional safety "c", control of ignition source "b" and liquid immersion "k"

ISO 80079-36:2016 specifies the basic method and requirements for design, construction, testing and marking of non-electrical Ex equipment, Ex Components, protective systems, devices and assemblies
of these products that have their own potential ignition sources and are intended for use in explosive atmospheres. Hand tools and manually operated equipment without energy storage are excluded from the scope of this standard. This standard does not address the safety of static autonomous process equipment when it is not part of equipment referred to in this standard. This standard does not specify requirements for safety, other than those directly related to the risk of ignition which may then lead to an explosion. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion    characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it may be assumed that equipment can be operated are:
- temperature -20 °C to 60 °C;
- pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar); and
- air with normal oxygen content, typically 21 % v/v. Such atmospheres can also exist inside the equipment. In addition, the external atmosphere can be drawn inside the equipment by natural breathing produced as a result of fluctuations in the equipment's internal operating pressure, and/or temperature. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 specifies the requirements for the design and      
construction of equipment, intended for explosive atmospheres in conformity with all Equipment Protection Levels (EPLs) of Group I, II and III. This standard supplements and modifies the general    
requirements of IEC 60079-0, as shown in Table 1 in the Scope of the document.                                                          
Keywords: mechanical explosion protected equipment

ISO/IEC 80079-20-2:2016 is published as a dual logo standard and describes the test methods for the identification of combustible dust and combustible dust layers in order to permit classification
of areas where such materials exist for the purpose of the proper selection and installation of electrical and mechanical equipment for use in the presence of combustible dust. The standard    
atmospheric conditions for determination of characteristics of combustible dusts are:
- temperature -20 °C to 60 °C,
- pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar) and
- air with normal oxygen content, typically 21 % v/v. The test methods defined do not apply to:
- recognized explosives, propellants (e.g. gunpowder, dynamite), or substances or mixtures of substances which may, under some circumstances, behave in a similar manner or
- dusts of explosives and propellants that do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion, or to pyrophoric substances. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 61241-2-1 published in 1994, the first edition of IEC 61241-2-2 published in 1993 and the first edition of IEC 61241-2-3 published in 1994, combining the requirements into a single document, and is considered to constitute a technical revision. Significant changes with respect to IEC 61241-2-1:1994, IEC 61241-2-2:1993 and IEC 61241-2-3:1994 can be found in the foreword of the document.      
Keywords: combustible dust

This Technical Report is aimed primarily at persons who are responsible for the safe design and operation of installations and equipment using flammable liquids, vapours or gases.
This document applies to both industrial and mining applications
This document describes possible risks and gives proposals for the protection against these risks by the use of flame arresters.
This document gives some guidance to choice of flame arresters according to EN ISO 16852 for different common scenarios and it gives best practice for the installation and maintenance of these flame arresters.

IEC 60079-6:2015 specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and marking of Ex Equipment and Ex Components with type of protection liquid immersion "o" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. Ex Equipment and Ex Components of type of protection liquid immersion "o" are either:
- Level of Protection "ob" (EPL "Mb" or "Gb") or
- Level of Protection "oc" (EPL "Gc"). For Level of Protection "ob", this standard applies where the rated voltage does not exceed 11 kV r.m.s. a.c. or d.c. For Level of Protection "oc", this standard applies where the rated voltage does not exceed 15 kV r.m.s. a.c. or d.c. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition, published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The significant changes with respect to the previous edition are:
- Edition 4 represents a major technical revision of the requirements for oil immersion "o" and should be considered as introducing all new requirements. The normal "Table of Significant Changes" has not been included for this reason. In particular:
- The requirements for oil immersion "o" have been redefined into liquid immersion, levels of protection "ob" and "oc" as recommended by the responses to 31/715/DC;
- The ability to protect sparking contacts has been added to both "ob" and "oc". Additional requirements have been introduced for the protective liquid.
Keywords: Ex Equipment and Ex Components with type of protection liquid immersion "o"

IEC 60079-7:2015(E) specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment and Ex Components with type of protection increased safety "e" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. Electrical equipment and Ex Components of type of protection increased safety "e" are either:
- Level of Protection "eb" (EPL "Mb" or "Gb");
- or Level of Protection "ec" (EPL "Gc"). Level of Protection "eb" applies to equipment or Ex Components, including their connections, conductors, windings, lamps, and batteries; but not including semiconductors or electrolytic capacitors. Level of Protection "ec" applies to equipment or Ex Components, including their connections, conductors, windings, lamps, and batteries; and also including semiconductors and electrolytic capacitors. The requirements of this standard apply to both Levels of Protection unless otherwise stated. For Level of Protection "eb", this standard applies to electrical equipment where the rated voltage does not exceed 11 kV r.m.s., a.c. or d.c. For Level of Protection "ec", this standard applies to electrical equipment where the rated voltage does not exceed 15 kV r.m.s., a.c. or d.c. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2006, and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 5.0 and previous edition of the document.
Keywords: electrical equipment and Ex Components with type of protection increased safety "e" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres.