17.200 - Thermodynamics and temperature measurements
ICS 17.200 Details
Thermodynamics and temperature measurements
Thermodynamik. Temperaturmessungen
Thermodynamique et mesurage de temperature
Termodinamika in merjenje temperature
General Information
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This document provides general methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. It is intended specifically to be used for the assessment of emissions from products and comparison of these with the exposure limits for the general public given in Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC, and those given for workers in Directive 2013/35/EU, as appropriate. It also is intended to be used for assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the workplace to determine compliance with the requirements of Directive 2013/35/EU. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated external to the body, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that form the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on: - definitions and terminology, - characteristics of electromagnetic fields, - measurement of exposure quantities, - instrumentation requirements, - methods of calibration, - measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, - calculation methods for exposure assessment. Where an applicable electromagnetic field standard specific to a product or technology exists it is expected to be used rather than this document. EN 62311:-, Table 1 gives a list of relevant standards.
- Draft8 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for the measurement of preheating temperature, interpass temperature and preheat maintenance temperature for fusion welding. This document can also be applied as appropriate in the case of other welding processes. This document does not apply to the measurement of post weld heat treatment temperatures.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods and procedures for evaluating and selecting air ionization equipment and systems (ionizers).
This document establishes measurement techniques, under specified conditions, to determine offset voltage (ion balance) and decay (charge neutralization) time for ionizers.
This document does not include measurements of electromagnetic interference (EMI), or the use of ionizers in connection with ordnance, flammables, explosive items or electrically initiated explosive devices.
As contained in this document, the test methods and test conditions can be used by manufacturers of ionizers to provide performance data describing their products. Users of ionizers are urged to modify the test methods and test conditions for their specific application in order to qualify ionizers for use, or to make periodic verifications of ionizer performance. The user will decide the extent of the data required for each application.
See Annex A for information regarding theoretical background and additional information on the standard test method for the performance of ionizers.
CAUTION: Procedures and equipment described in this document can expose personnel to hazardous electrical and non-electrical conditions. Users of this document are responsible for selecting equipment that complies with applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users are cautioned that this document cannot replace or supersede any requirements for personnel safety. See Annex C for safety considerations.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods and procedures for evaluating and selecting air ionization equipment and systems (ionizers). This document establishes measurement techniques, under specified conditions, to determine offset voltage (ion balance) and decay (charge neutralization) time for ionizers. This document does not include measurements of electromagnetic interference (EMI), or the use of ionizers in connection with ordnance, flammables, explosive items or electrically initiated explosive devices. As contained in this document, the test methods and test conditions can be used by manufacturers of ionizers to provide performance data describing their products. Users of ionizers are urged to modify the test methods and test conditions for their specific application in order to qualify ionizers for use, or to make periodic verifications of ionizer performance. The user will decide the extent of the data required for each application. See Annex A for information regarding theoretical background and additional information on the standard test method for the performance of ionizers. CAUTION: Procedures and equipment described in this document can expose personnel to hazardous electrical and non-electrical conditions. Users of this document are responsible for selecting equipment that complies with applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users are cautioned that this document cannot replace or supersede any requirements for personnel safety. See Annex C for safety considerations.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of reaction temperatures and times, enthalpies of reaction, and degrees of conversion using conventional differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as specified in ISO 11357-1.
The method applies to monomers, prepolymers, and polymers in the solid or liquid state. The material can contain fillers and/or initiators in the solid or liquid state.
This document is not applicable to fast DSC as specified in ISO 23976.[1]
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the temperatures and enthalpies of melting and crystallization of crystalline or partially crystalline plastics using conventional DSC as specified in ISO 11357-1.
This document is not applicable to fast DSC as specified in ISO 23976.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The EN 1434 series of standards provide technical principles and practical advice in selecting, installing and commissioning of thermal energy meters. However, because a standard cannot cover all areas completely, this document assists users of thermal energy meters.
- Technical report48 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The EN 1434 series of standards provide technical principles and practical advice in selecting, installing and commissioning of thermal energy meters. However, because a standard cannot cover all areas completely, this document assists users of thermal energy meters.
- Technical report48 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61340-4-7:2025 provides test methods and procedures for evaluating and selecting air ionization equipment and systems (ionizers). This document establishes measurement techniques, under specified conditions, to determine offset voltage (ion balance) and decay (charge neutralization) time for ionizers. This document does not include measurements of electromagnetic interference (EMI), or the use of ionizers in connection with ordnance, flammables, explosive items or electrically initiated explosive devices. As contained in this document, the test methods and test conditions can be used by manufacturers of ionizers to provide performance data describing their products. Users of ionizers are urged to modify the test methods and test conditions for their specific application in order to qualify ionizers for use, or to make periodic verifications of ionizer performance. The user will decide the extent of the data required for each application.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) in Figure 5, a NOTE 3 was added to clarify that for AC bars and grids, a single emitter alternating between +/− polarity is used;
b) in Annex B, the relative error for measurement equipment was updated to include the consideration for the resolution of the voltmeter.
- Standard95 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This part of IEC 61340 provides electrical and mechanical test methods and performance limits for evaluation, acceptance and periodic verification testing of wrist straps. NOTE All dimensions are nominal except where indicated. This standard is intended for testing wrist straps and wrist strap systems used for the grounding of personnel engaged in working with ESD sensitive assemblies and devices. It does not address constant monitoring systems.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for the determination of oxidation induction time (isothermal OIT) and oxidation induction temperature (dynamic OIT) of polymeric materials by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is applicable to polyolefin resins that are in a fully stabilized or compounded form, either as raw materials or finished products. It can be applicable to other plastics.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61340-4-6:2025 provides electrical and mechanical test methods and performance limits for the evaluation, acceptance, and periodic verification testing of wrist straps. This document is intended for testing wrist straps and wrist strap systems used for the grounding of personnel engaged in working with ESD sensitive assemblies and devices. It does not address constant monitoring systems.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) editorial comments made during the review of the second edition were reviewed and incorporated where appropriate;
b) normative references have been added to address the safety of equipment.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general requirements of data exchange and interfaces for thermal energy meters.
This document is applicable to unidirectionally and bidirectionally transmitting thermal energy meters.
This document applies also to networks with up to 250 meters, for which a master unit with AC mains supply is necessary to control the M-Bus. In these cases, the document is only applicable in conjunction with EN 13757-2 (physical and link layer) and EN 13757-3 (application layer).
For wireless thermal energy meter communications, this document is only applicable in conjunction with EN 13757-4, which describes several alternatives of walk/drive-by readout via a mobile station or by using stationary receivers or a network.
NOTE Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The meter indicates thermal energy in legal units.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general requirements of data exchange and interfaces for thermal energy meters.
This document is applicable to unidirectionally and bidirectionally transmitting thermal energy meters.
This document applies also to networks with up to 250 meters, for which a master unit with AC mains supply is necessary to control the M-Bus. In these cases, the document is only applicable in conjunction with EN 13757-2 (physical and link layer) and EN 13757-3 (application layer).
For wireless thermal energy meter communications, this document is only applicable in conjunction with EN 13757-4, which describes several alternatives of walk/drive-by readout via a mobile station or by using stationary receivers or a network.
NOTE Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The meter indicates thermal energy in legal units.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods for measuring the electrical resistance of garments used for static control applications. These test methods can be used for evaluating outer garments that are homogenously conductive or homogeneously dissipative, or that utilize surface conductive or surface dissipative components or elements. NOTE The test methods defined in this standard might not be able to measure materials with buried conductive layers. The resistance point-to-point test method tests the electrical resistance between the two sleeves, any two panels or any two or more electrically interconnected components of the static control garment, including the electrical resistance across the seams and cuffs of the garment as applicable. An alternate sleeve-to-sleeve test method is allowed, using clamps to hang a garment. Static control garments that electrically bond to the wearer and provide a path to ground from the wearer are evaluated using the resistance point-to-point test method, the resistance point to groundable point test method, as well as a system test to determine the resistance from the person through the garment to the groundable point of the garment system. A band resistance measurement test is provided in IEC 61340-4-6 which can be used for garments so equipped with cuffs that are intended to perform the same function as a wrist strap band. The system test with a person wearing a groundable static control garment system includes the ground cord that connects to the groundable point of the garment.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61340-4-9:2024 provides test methods for measuring the electrical resistance of garments used for static control applications. These test methods can be used for evaluating outer garments that are homogenously conductive or homogeneously dissipative, or that utilize surface conductive or surface dissipative components or elements.
NOTE It is possible that the test methods defined in this document will not be able to measure materials with buried conductive layers.
This third edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) IEC 61010-1 and IEC 61010-2-030 added as requirements for measurement equipment;
b) testing voltage range for personnel ground path changed from "7 V DC to 30 V DC" to "7 V DC to 100 V DC";
c) cleaning requirements changed from a minimum of five cycles of cleaning to a minimum of three cycles of cleaning;
d) moderate humidity requirements deleted;
e) figures replaced with generic drawings.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 applies with the following modification and addition:
Modification:
The 1st paragraph of EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 is replaced by:
This document specifies the safety, design, construction, and performance requirements and testing for
mechanical thermostats intended for use with gas appliances and similar use, hereafter referred to as
“thermostats”.
This document is applicable to thermostats with declared maximum inlet pressures up to and including
50 kPa and of nominal connection sizes up to and including DN 50 for use with one or more fuel gases.
Addition:
This document is applicable to thermostats controlling the gas flow directly or indirectly through an
integral gas valve. This document applies to thermostats used with gas appliances which are not installed
in the open air.
Thermostats dealt with in this document are intended for control functions.
This document is not applicable to:
a) controls which use auxiliary energy (e.g. electrical energy supplied externally);
b) an assessment of the control regarding Performance Level (PL) and Safety Integrity Level (SIL).
The 4th paragraph of EN 13611:2019, Clause 1 is removed.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60455-2:2023 is available as IEC 60455-2:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 60455-2:2023 specifies methods of test to be used for testing resin based reactive compounds, their components and cured compounds used for electrical insulation. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Introduction of test methods related to IEC 60455-3-8;
b) Additional and updated test methods for resins.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the technical and functional characteristics for all types of thermometers (electronic, mechanical, etc.) for equipping the means used for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods and for measuring the ambient or internal temperature of the products between −80 °C and +85 °C.
It specifies the test methods which allow the verification of the equipment's conformity to suitability and performance requirements.
It applies to the whole thermometer and indicating device(s). The temperature sensor(s) can be integrated into the thermometer or remote from it (wired or wireless external temperature sensor(s)).
It does not specify the location of the thermometer and its sensors with respect to types of usage such as transport, storage and distribution.
NOTE Examples for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods between −80 °C and +85 °C include chilled, frozen, deep frozen and quick-frozen food; ice cream; fresh and hot food; pharmaceuticals; blood and organs; chemicals; biologicals; electronic and mechanical devices; flowers, plants and bulbs; raw materials and liquids; animals; art and furnishings.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the verification procedure for temperature recorders and thermometers for measuring the ambient or internal temperature of the products between −80 °C and +85 °C, which are intended to equip the means used for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods and which comply with standards EN 12830 and EN 13485 (measurement classes and ranges) and also others used for transport, distribution and/or storage of temperature sensitive goods.
It specifies the test methods which allow the verification of the equipment's conformity against class requirements identified in EN 12830 and EN 13485.
NOTE Examples for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods between −80 °C and +85 °C include chilled, frozen, deep frozen and quick-frozen food; ice cream; fresh and hot food; pharmaceuticals; blood and organs; chemicals; biologicals; electronic and mechanical devices; flowers, plants and bulbs; raw materials and liquids; animals; art and furnishings.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the verification procedure for temperature recorders and thermometers for measuring the ambient or internal temperature of the products between −80 °C and +85 °C, which are intended to equip the means used for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods and which comply with standards EN 12830 and EN 13485 (measurement classes and ranges) and also others used for transport, distribution and/or storage of temperature sensitive goods.
It specifies the test methods which allow the verification of the equipment's conformity against class requirements identified in EN 12830 and EN 13485.
NOTE Examples for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods between −80 °C and +85 °C include chilled, frozen, deep frozen and quick-frozen food; ice cream; fresh and hot food; pharmaceuticals; blood and organs; chemicals; biologicals; electronic and mechanical devices; flowers, plants and bulbs; raw materials and liquids; animals; art and furnishings.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the technical and functional characteristics for all types of thermometers (electronic, mechanical, etc.) for equipping the means used for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods and for measuring the ambient or internal temperature of the products between −80 °C and +85 °C.
It specifies the test methods which allow the verification of the equipment's conformity to suitability and performance requirements.
It applies to the whole thermometer and indicating device(s). The temperature sensor(s) can be integrated into the thermometer or remote from it (wired or wireless external temperature sensor(s)).
It does not specify the location of the thermometer and its sensors with respect to types of usage such as transport, storage and distribution.
NOTE Examples for the transport, storage and distribution of temperature sensitive goods between −80 °C and +85 °C include chilled, frozen, deep frozen and quick-frozen food; ice cream; fresh and hot food; pharmaceuticals; blood and organs; chemicals; biologicals; electronic and mechanical devices; flowers, plants and bulbs; raw materials and liquids; animals; art and furnishings.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for room temperature sensors used to control the room temperature.
This document is applicable to wall mounted and flush mounted room temperature sensors.
The following aspects are not covered by this document:
- pendulum temperature sensors;
- ceiling mounted temperature sensor;
- extract air temperature sensors.
NOTE The measured value available at the output of the sensor is influenced by the place where the sensor device is located and factors such as air velocity, wall temperature, self/waste heating of the device and the air temperature. The perceived temperature, which is important for the well-being of a person, depends among other factors on air temperature, temperature of the surrounding walls and air flow rate as indicated in EN ISO 7730.
The temperature sensor element can be combined with other sensors in one device. This document only deals with the room temperature sensing of this devices. Other sensors are not covered except of their influence on the room temperature sensing (e.g. self-heating).
This document specifies sensor characteristics contributing to the determination of the control accuracy of individual zone controller according to EN 15500 1.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for room temperature sensors used to control the room temperature.
This document is applicable to wall mounted and flush mounted room temperature sensors.
The following aspects are not covered by this document:
- pendulum temperature sensors;
- ceiling mounted temperature sensor;
- extract air temperature sensors.
NOTE The measured value available at the output of the sensor is influenced by the place where the sensor device is located and factors such as air velocity, wall temperature, self/waste heating of the device and the air temperature. The perceived temperature, which is important for the well-being of a person, depends among other factors on air temperature, temperature of the surrounding walls and air flow rate as indicated in EN ISO 7730.
The temperature sensor element can be combined with other sensors in one device. This document only deals with the room temperature sensing of this devices. Other sensors are not covered except of their influence on the room temperature sensing (e.g. self-heating).
This document specifies sensor characteristics contributing to the determination of the control accuracy of individual zone controller according to EN 15500 1.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60455-2:2023 is available as IEC 60455-2:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60455-2:2023 specifies methods of test to be used for testing resin based reactive compounds, their components and cured compounds used for electrical insulation. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Introduction of test methods related to IEC 60455-3-8; b) Additional and updated test methods for resins.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The ISO 11357 series specifies several differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods for the thermal analysis of polymers and polymer blends, such as
— thermoplastics (polymers, moulding compounds and other moulding materials, with or without fillers, fibres or reinforcements),
— thermosets (uncured or cured materials, with or without fillers, fibres or reinforcements), and
— elastomers (with or without fillers, fibres or reinforcements).
The ISO 11357 series is applicable for the observation and measurement of various properties of, and phenomena associated with, the above-mentioned materials, such as
— physical transitions (glass transition, phase transitions such as melting and crystallization, polymorphic transitions, etc.),
— chemical reactions (polymerization, crosslinking and curing of elastomers and thermosets, etc.),
— the stability to oxidation, and
— the heat capacity.
This document specifies a number of general aspects of differential scanning calorimetry, such as the principle and the apparatus, sampling, calibration and general aspects of the procedure and test report common to all parts.
Details on performing specific methods are given in subsequent parts of the ISO 11357 series (see Foreword).
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides general methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. It is intended specifically to be used for the assessment of emissions from products and comparison of these with the exposure limits for the general public given in Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC, and those given for workers in Directive 2013/35/EU, as appropriate. It also is intended to be used for assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the workplace to determine compliance with the requirements of Directive 2013/35/EU. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated external to the body, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that form the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on: — definitions and terminology, — characteristics of electromagnetic fields, — measurement of exposure quantities, — instrumentation requirements, — methods of calibration, — measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, — calculation methods for exposure assessment. Where an applicable electromagnetic field standard specific to a product or technology exists it is expected to be used rather than this document. EN 62311:—, Table 1 gives a list of relevant standards.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable to the constructional requirements for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable for the general requirements for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies commissioning, operational monitoring and maintenance and applies to thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies initial verification tests for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies pattern approval tests for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable for the general requirements for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable to the constructional requirements for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies pattern approval tests for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies initial verification tests for thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies commissioning, operational monitoring and maintenance and applies to thermal energy meters. Thermal energy meters are instruments intended for measuring the energy which in a heat-exchange circuit is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid. The thermal energy meter indicates the quantity of thermal energy in legal units.
This document covers meters for closed systems only, where the differential pressure over the thermal load is limited.
This document is not applicable to:
- electrical safety requirements;
- pressure safety requirements; and
- surface mounted temperature sensors.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-11:2009 specifies the requirements for testing equipment applied to the testing of the effectiveness of residual current monitors (RCMs) of type A and type B, which are already installed in distribution systems. This test equipment can be used in any kind of network like a TN, TT or IT system. The test equipment may also be used for testing directionally discriminating RCMs in IT-Systems.This part is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2007, Part 1: General requirements.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61869-14:2018 provides all requirements specific to current transformers to be used in DC applications (DCCTs), whatever the technology used. The output signal can be analogue or digital. It is applicable to newly manufactured current transformers used for measuring, protection and/or control applications in DC power systems with a rated voltage above 1,5 kV. The general configuration of a single-pole low-power instrument transformer is described in Figure 601 of IEC 61869-6:2016. The DCCTs intended for current measurement in the transistor branch of the VSC valve (referred to as CT4a and CT4b in Figure 1403 and Table 1402) are not covered by this document, and will be considered in a future revision. IEC 61869-14:2018 applies to current transformers intended to be used in DC applications with at least one of the following functions: • measure DC current (with significant harmonics); • withstand DC voltage. Depending on the position on the DC system, different kinds of application exist, which are briefly described below, together with the approximate voltage or current wave shape.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-11:2009 specifies the requirements for testing equipment applied to the testing of the effectiveness of residual current monitors (RCMs) of type A and type B, which are already installed in distribution systems. This test equipment can be used in any kind of network like a TN, TT or IT system. The test equipment may also be used for testing directionally discriminating RCMs in IT-Systems.This part is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2007, Part 1: General requirements.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard specifies the requirements, in addition to the resistance versus temperature relationship, for both industrial platinum resistance thermometers (later referred to as "thermometers") and industrial platinum resistance temperature sensors (later referred to as "platinum resistors") whose electrical resistance is derived from defined functions of temperature.
Values of temperature in this document are in terms of the International Temperature Scale of 1990, ITS-90. A temperature in the unit °C of this scale is denoted by the symbol t, except in Table A.1 where the full nomenclature t90 /°C is used.
This document applies to platinum resistors whose temperature coefficient α, defined as
α= R100 − R0
R0 ⋅ 100°C
is conventionally written as α = 3,851⋅10-3 °C-1, where R100 is the resistance at t = 100 °C and R0 is the resistance at t = 0 °C.
This document covers platinum resistors and thermometers for the temperature range −200 °C to +850 °C with different tolerance classes. It can also cover particular platinum resistors or thermometers for a part of this temperature range.
For resistance versus temperature relationships with uncertainties less than 0,1 °C, which are possible only for platinum resistors or thermometers with exceptionally high stability and individual calibration, a more complex interpolation equation than is presented in this document can be necessary. The specification of such equations is outside the scope of this document.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods (isothermal and non-isothermal) for studying the crystallization kinetics of partially crystalline polymers using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
It is only applicable to molten polymers.
NOTE These methods are not suitable if the molecular structure of the polymer is modified during the test.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-6:2019 is available as IEC 61557-6:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61557-6:2019 specifies the requirements applicable to measuring equipment for testing the effectiveness of protective measures of residual current devices (RCD) installed in TT, TN and IT systems. It is not the purpose of this document to verify the RCD according to their product standards. IEC 61557-6:2019 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of requirements for testing a new type of RCD;
b) addition of requirements for type B RCDs (former Annex B);
c) addition of new Annex B on recommended tripping times;
d) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard specifies the requirements, in addition to the resistance versus temperature relationship, for both industrial platinum resistance thermometers (later referred to as "thermometers") and industrial platinum resistance temperature sensors (later referred to as "platinum resistors") whose electrical resistance is derived from defined functions of temperature. Values of temperature in this document are in terms of the International Temperature Scale of 1990, ITS-90. A temperature in the unit °C of this scale is denoted by the symbol t, except in Table A.1 where the full nomenclature t90 /°C is used. This document applies to platinum resistors whose temperature coefficient α, defined as α= R100 − R0 R0 ⋅ 100°C is conventionally written as α = 3,851⋅10-3 °C-1, where R100 is the resistance at t = 100 °C and R0 is the resistance at t = 0 °C. This document covers platinum resistors and thermometers for the temperature range −200 °C to +850 °C with different tolerance classes. It can also cover particular platinum resistors or thermometers for a part of this temperature range. For resistance versus temperature relationships with uncertainties less than 0,1 °C, which are possible only for platinum resistors or thermometers with exceptionally high stability and individual calibration, a more complex interpolation equation than is presented in this document can be necessary. The specification of such equations is outside the scope of this document.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60751:2022 specifies the requirements, in addition to the resistance versus temperature relationship, for both industrial platinum resistance thermometers (later referred to as "thermometers") and industrial platinum resistance temperature sensors (later referred to as "platinum resistors") whose electrical resistance is derived from defined functions of temperature.
Values of temperature in this document are in terms of the International Temperature Scale of 1990, ITS-90. A temperature in the unit °C of this scale is denoted by the symbol t, except in Table A.1 where the full nomenclature t90 /°C is used.
- Standard47 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC 61557-6:2019 is available as IEC 61557-6:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 61557-6:2019 specifies the requirements applicable to measuring equipment for testing the effectiveness of protective measures of residual current devices (RCD) installed in TT, TN and IT systems. It is not the purpose of this document to verify the RCD according to their product standards. IEC 61557-6:2019 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of requirements for testing a new type of RCD; b) addition of requirements for type B RCDs (former Annex B); c) addition of new Annex B on recommended tripping times; d) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of the IEC 61757 series specifies terminology, characteristic performance parameters and related test methods of optical temperature sensors based on fibre Bragg gratings (FBG) carrying out temperature measurements in the temperature range between -260 °C and 600 °C.
Generic specifications for fibre optic sensors are defined in IEC 61757.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60584-3:2021 It is necessary for thermocouple temperature measurement that the electro-motive force (abbreviated as e.m.f. hereafter) of the thermocouple circuit is precisely measured by a measuring instrument. A thermocouple is electrically connected to the instrument by a proper pair of electric cables. IEC 60584-3:2021 standardizes these cables. It specifies identification and manufacturing tolerances for extension and compensating cables (mineral insulated extension and compensating cables are not included) provided directly to users of industrial processes. These tolerances are determined with respect to the e.m.f. ver-sus temperature relationship of IEC 60584-1. The requirements for extension and compensating cables for use in industrial process control are specified.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day