25.220.50 - Enamels

EN-ISO 8289-1 specifies two low voltage tests for detecting and locating defects that extend to the basis metal in vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings.Method A (electrical) is applicable to the rapid detection and determination of the general location of defects. Method B (optical), based on colour effects, is applicable to the more precise detection of defects and their exact locations. Both methods are commonly applied to flat surfaces. For more intricate shapes, such as undulated and/or co...view more

This document specifies two low voltage tests for detecting and locating defects that extend to the basis metal in vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings.
Method A (electrical) is applicable to the rapid detection and determination of the general location of defects. Method B (optical), based on colour effects, is applicable to the more precise detection of defects and their exact locations. Both methods are commonly applied to flat surfaces. For more intricate shapes, such as undulated and/or ...view more

This document specifies two low voltage tests for detecting and locating defects that extend to the basis metal in vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings. Method A (electrical) is applicable to the rapid detection and determination of the general location of defects. Method B (optical), based on colour effects, is applicable to the more precise detection of defects and their exact locations. Both methods are commonly applied to flat surfaces. For more intricate shapes, such as undulated and/or c...view more

This document specifies a test method for determining the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings to abrasion by rubbing, grinding or other mechanical effects.

This document specifies the quality requirements for apparatus, components, appliances and accessories of glass-lined steel (including semi-crystallized enamel coatings) and glass-lined steel castings used for process plants. It specifies the quality requirements and the tests to be carried out by the manufacturer as well as the actions to be taken to repair defects. It is also applicable to glass-lined pumps, pump components and fittings. It does not apply to glass-lined flanged steel pipes or ...view more

This document specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel coatings applied by any process, such as wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electrodeposition or dry-powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets. For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operational life, more stringent limits can be agreed between cu...view more

This document specifies the quality requirements for apparatus, components, appliances and accessories of glass-lined steel (including semi-crystallized enamel coatings) and glass-lined steel castings used for process plants. It specifies the quality requirements and the tests to be carried out by the manufacturer as well as the actions to be taken to repair defects.
It is also applicable to glass-lined pumps, pump components and fittings.
It does not apply to glass-lined flanged steel pipes o...view more

This document specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel coatings applied by any process, such as wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electrodeposition or dry-powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets.
For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operational life, more stringent limits can be agreed between c...view more

This document specifies the quality requirements for apparatus, components, appliances and accessories of glass-lined steel (including semi-crystallized enamel coatings) and glass-lined steel castings used for process plants. It specifies the quality requirements and the tests to be carried out by the manufacturer as well as the actions to be taken to repair defects. It is also applicable to glass-lined pumps, pump components and fittings. It does not apply to glass-lined flanged steel pipes or ...view more

This document specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel coatings applied by any process, such as wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electrodeposition or dry-powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets. For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operational life, more stringent limits can be agreed between cu...view more

This standard specifies a low-voltage test method for detecting and locating defects (pores, cracks or pop-offs) which occur in enamel coatings of corrugated and/or undulated profiles and which extend down to the metal base.

This document specifies the requirements for product quality and product testing of enamelled valves
and pressure pipe fittings for untreated and potable water supply.
It does not apply to chemical service glass-enamel and apparatus enamel.

This document specifies the requirements for product quality and product testing of enamelled valves and pressure pipe fittings for untreated and potable water supply.
It does not apply to chemical service glass-enamel and apparatus enamel.

This document specifies a low-voltage test method for detecting and locating defects (pores, cracks or pop-offs) that occur in enamel coatings of corrugated and/or undulated profiles and that extend down to the metal base.
The method is based on colour effects (optical method) and is applicable to the precise detection of defects and their exact position. It can be used for non-flat, more profiled shapes such as corrugated or undulated surfaces.
NOTE The low-voltage test is a non-destructive t...view more

This document specifies the requirements for product quality and product testing of enamelled valves and pressure pipe fittings for untreated and potable water supply. It does not apply to chemical service glass-enamel and apparatus enamel.

This document specifies a low-voltage test method for detecting and locating defects (pores, cracks or pop-offs) that occur in enamel coatings of corrugated and/or undulated profiles and that extend down to the metal base. The method is based on colour effects (optical method) and is applicable to the precise detection of defects and their exact position. It can be used for non-flat, more profiled shapes such as corrugated or undulated surfaces. NOTE The low-voltage test is a non-destructive tes...view more

ISO 4531 specifies a simulating method of test for determination of the release of metal-ions from enamelled ware, which are intended to come into contact with food (including drinks).
ISO 4531 also specifies permissible limits for the release of metal-ions from enamelled ware, which are intended to come into contact with food (including drinks).
ISO 4531 is applicable to enamelled ware, including tanks and vessels, which are intended to be used for the preparation, cooking, serving and storage ...view more

This document specifies a simulating method of test for determination of the release of metal-ions from enamelled articles, which are intended to come into contact with food.
It also specifies limits for the release of metal-ions from enamelled articles, which are intended to come into contact with food.
It is applicable to enamelled articles, including tanks and vessels, which are intended to be used for the preparation, cooking, serving and storage of food.

This document specifies a simulating method of test for determination of the release of metal-ions from enamelled articles, which are intended to come into contact with food. It also specifies limits for the release of metal-ions from enamelled articles, which are intended to come into contact with food. It is applicable to enamelled articles, including tanks and vessels, which are intended to be used for the preparation, cooking, serving and storage of food.

This document describes a test method for the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain
enamelled articles to attack by alkaline liquids at temperatures between 25 °C and 95 °C. The apparatus
used is a hexagonal vessel in which six enamelled specimens or a tetragonal glass bottle in which four
enamelled specimens are simultaneously tested.
NOTE 1 The resistance to any alkaline liquid can be determined. However, the test method was originally used
for the determination of the...view more

ISO 28706-3:2017 describes a test method for the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles to attack by alkaline liquids at temperatures between 25 °C and 95 °C. The apparatus used is a hexagonal vessel in which six enamelled specimens or a tetragonal glass bottle in which four enamelled specimens are simultaneously tested.
NOTE 1 The resistance to any alkaline liquid can be determined. However, the test method was originally used for the determination of the ...view more

ISO 28706-3:2017 describes a test method for the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles to attack by alkaline liquids at temperatures between 25 °C and 95 °C. The apparatus used is a hexagonal vessel in which six enamelled specimens or a tetragonal glass bottle in which four enamelled specimens are simultaneously tested. NOTE 1 The resistance to any alkaline liquid can be determined. However, the test method was originally used for the determination of the r...view more

This standard specifies the procedures for the preparation of enamel samples for measurement of the thermal dilatation and calculation of the thermal expansion coefficient.

ISO 20274:2017 specifies the procedures for the preparation of enamel samples for measurement of the thermal length change and calculation of the thermal expansion coefficient.

ISO 20274:2017 specifies the procedures for the preparation of enamel samples for measurement of the thermal length change and calculation of the thermal expansion coefficient.

This European Standard defines a number of terms relating to vitreous and porcelain enamels and their technology. This list is not complete and only comprises those terms for which the definition is considered necessary for correct and adequate understanding in order to clarify these processes.
It should be understood that the interpretations given are those corresponding to the practical usage in this field and that they do not necessarily coincide with those used in other fields.
For purpose...view more

This standard establishes a system for the cataloguing of defects in sheet steel
enamelling. It serves for a consistent language use concerning the designation and
characterization of enamelling defects. This standard is limited to detectable defects and
does not purport to fully take into consideration all occurring types of defects. It does not
evaluate enamelling defects; the classification carried out serves for the conveyance or
practical knowledge.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance of flat surfaces of vitreous
and porcelain enamels to boiling acids, boiling neutral liquids, alkaline liquids and/or their vapours.
This method allows the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamels to the liquid
and vapour phases of the corrosive medium simultaneously.

ISO 19496-2:2017 establishes a system for the cataloguing of defects in sheet steel enamelling. It serves for a consistent language use concerning the designation and characterization of enamelling defects. This document is limited to detectable defects and does not purport to fully take into consideration all occurring types of defects. It does not evaluate enamelling defects; the classification carried out serves for the conveyance of practical knowledge.

ISO 19496-1:2017 defines a number of terms relating to vitreous and porcelain enamels and their technology. This list is not complete and only comprises those terms for which the definition is considered necessary for correct and adequate understanding in order to clarify these processes.
The interpretations given are those corresponding to the practical usage in this field and they do not necessarily coincide with those used in other fields.
For purposes of clarification, the term "vitreous e...view more

ISO 28706-2:2017 specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance of flat surfaces of vitreous and porcelain enamels to boiling acids, boiling neutral liquids, alkaline liquids and/or their vapours.
This method allows the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamels to the liquid and vapour phases of the corrosive medium simultaneously.

ISO 19496-2:2017 establishes a system for the cataloguing of defects in sheet steel enamelling. It serves for a consistent language use concerning the designation and characterization of enamelling defects. This document is limited to detectable defects and does not purport to fully take into consideration all occurring types of defects. It does not evaluate enamelling defects; the classification carried out serves for the conveyance of practical knowledge.

ISO 19496-1:2017 defines a number of terms relating to vitreous and porcelain enamels and their technology. This list is not complete and only comprises those terms for which the definition is considered necessary for correct and adequate understanding in order to clarify these processes. The interpretations given are those corresponding to the practical usage in this field and they do not necessarily coincide with those used in other fields. For purposes of clarification, the term "vitreous ena...view more

ISO 28706-2:2017 specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance of flat surfaces of vitreous and porcelain enamels to boiling acids, boiling neutral liquids, alkaline liquids and/or their vapours. This method allows the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamels to the liquid and vapour phases of the corrosive medium simultaneously.

This International Standard specifies a method for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of
non-magnetizable coatings on magnetizable base metals.
The measurements are tactile and non-destructive on typical coatings. The probe or an instrument with
integrated probe is placed directly on the coating to be measured. The coating thickness is displayed on
the instrument.
In this International Standard the term “coating” is used for material such as, for example, paints and
varnishes, e...view more

ISO 2178:2016 specifies a method for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of non-magnetizable coatings on magnetizable base metals.
The measurements are tactile and non-destructive on typical coatings. The probe or an instrument with integrated probe is placed directly on the coating to be measured. The coating thickness is displayed on the instrument.
In ISO 2178:2016 the term "coating" is used for material such as, for example, paints and varnishes, electroplated coatings, enamel co...view more

This standard establishes a system for the cataloguing of defects in enamellings for chemical service and vessels; in addition, it describes some types of areas in which defects have been treated and which can easily be confounded with enamelling defects.
It serves for a consistent language use concerning the designation and characterization of enamelling defects. This standard is limited to detectable defects and does not purport to fully take into consideration all occurring types of defects. ...view more

ISO 2178:2016 specifies a method for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of non-magnetizable coatings on magnetizable base metals. The measurements are tactile and non-destructive on typical coatings. The probe or an instrument with integrated probe is placed directly on the coating to be measured. The coating thickness is displayed on the instrument. In ISO 2178:2016 the term "coating" is used for material such as, for example, paints and varnishes, electroplated coatings, enamel coat...view more

This part of ISO 28706 describes a test method for the determination of the resistance of vitreous and
porcelain enamelled articles to attack by alkaline liquids at temperatures between 25 °C and 95 °C. The
apparatus used is a cylindrical vessel in which only one enamelled specimen is tested.
NOTE 1 The test method was initially set up for determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain
enamels to a hot sodium hydroxide solution. Within the scope of this part of ISO 28706, the resi...view more

ISO 28721-5:2016 establishes a system for the cataloguing of defects in enamellings for chemical service and vessels. In addition, it describes some types of areas in which defects have been treated and which can easily be confounded with enamelling defects. It serves for a consistent language use concerning the designation and characterization of enamelling defects.
ISO 28721-5:2016 is limited to detectable defects and does not purport to fully take into consideration all occurring types of de...view more

This International Standard establishes the requirements for the design and use of vitreous-enamelcoated
bolted cylindrical steel tanks for the storage or treatment of water or municipal or industrial
effluents and sludges.
It applies to the design of the tank and any associated roof and gives guidance on the requirements for
the design of the foundation.
It applies where
a) the tank is cylindrical and is mounted on a load-bearing base substantially at or above ground level;
b) the produc...view more

ISO 28721-5:2016 establishes a system for the cataloguing of defects in enamellings for chemical service and vessels. In addition, it describes some types of areas in which defects have been treated and which can easily be confounded with enamelling defects. It serves for a consistent language use concerning the designation and characterization of enamelling defects. ISO 28721-5:2016 is limited to detectable defects and does not purport to fully take into consideration all occurring types of def...view more

ISO 28765:2016 establishes the requirements for the design and use of vitreous-enamel-coated bolted cylindrical steel tanks for the storage or treatment of water or municipal or industrial effluents and sludges.
It applies to the design of the tank and any associated roof and gives guidance on the requirements for the design of the foundation.
It applies where
a) the tank is cylindrical and is mounted on a load-bearing base substantially at or above ground level;
b) the product of the tank d...view more

This part of ISO 28721 specifies requirements for the resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock
of chemical enamels and their designation for ordering purposes.
It is applicable to enamelled apparatus, piping and other components primarily used for process
equipment in chemical plants.
It only applies to unalloyed and low-alloy carbon steels suitable for enamelling.
NOTE The main criteria for assessing enamel quality are the resistance to chemical attack and thermal
shock and the str...view more

ISO 28706-4:2016 describes a test method for the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles to attack by alkaline liquids at temperatures between 25 °C and 95 °C. The apparatus used is a cylindrical vessel in which only one enamelled specimen is tested.
NOTE 1 The test method was initially set up for determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamels to a hot sodium hydroxide solution. Within the scope of this part of ISO 28706, the resistance of...view more

ISO 28706-4:2016 describes a test method for the determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles to attack by alkaline liquids at temperatures between 25 °C and 95 °C. The apparatus used is a cylindrical vessel in which only one enamelled specimen is tested. NOTE 1 The test method was initially set up for determination of the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamels to a hot sodium hydroxide solution. Within the scope of this part of ISO 28706, the resistance of ...view more

ISO 28765:2016 establishes the requirements for the design and use of vitreous-enamel-coated bolted cylindrical steel tanks for the storage or treatment of water or municipal or industrial effluents and sludges. It applies to the design of the tank and any associated roof and gives guidance on the requirements for the design of the foundation. It applies where a) the tank is cylindrical and is mounted on a load-bearing base substantially at or above ground level; b) the product of the tank diame...view more

ISO 28721-2:2015 specifies requirements for the resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock of chemical enamels and their designation for ordering purposes.
It is applicable to enamelled apparatus, piping and other components primarily used for process equipment in chemical plants.
It only applies to unalloyed and low-alloy carbon steels suitable for enamelling.
NOTE The main criteria for assessing enamel quality are the resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock and the structure of...view more

This part of ISO 28721 specifies the quality requirements for glass-lined flanged steel pipes and flanged
steel fittings used for process plants.

This International Standard specifies a method for the production of specimens suitable for testing
vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings.
It specifies two different specimens:
— specimens taken from production articles;
— specially produced specimens.
NOTE Only the specially produced specimens can be used when the loss in mass per unit area of the enamel
coating is to be determined quantitatively, as specimens cut from enamelled articles can reduce the accuracy of
the test method.