27 - ENERGY AND HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING
ICS 27 Details
ENERGY AND HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING
ENERGIE- UND WARMEUBERTRAGUNGSTECHNIK
INGENIERIE DE L'ENERGIE ET DE LA TRANSMISSION DE LA CHALEUR
PRENOS ENERGIJE IN TOPLOTE
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 27 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "ENERGY AND HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 5781 standards classified under ICS 27 (ENERGY AND HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This part of IEC 62676 specifies the functions, performance, interfaces, environmental adaptability, test methods, performance evaluation and grading rules of real-time intelligent video analysis in surveillance systems.
This document applies to live and forensic, real-time intelligent video analysis devices and systems in video surveillance.
The document is centred on testing performance and grading device functionality which enables:
• Core capability: Classification of objects, detection of specific "object activity", such as "stopping", "starting", "direction of movement", etc.
Examples are listed in Annex A.
• Complex capability: Detection of "scenarios" which are based on combinations of object activity, such as "loitering", "perimeter intrusion detection", "person down", "tailgating", "intrusion", "abandoned object detection", explosion, fire, flood, potential terrorist attack using a vehicle, owner of an abandoned bag, etc.
Examples of current scenarios are listed and described in Annex B.
• Degree of difficulty: The application of real operating environments to test the performance under known or required operating stress levels, examples of operating stress levels that are sterile or non-sterile, indoor or outdoor, target obscuration levels, extreme weather conditions, vibrating mechanical rugged environments causing image shake resulting in degradation of image quality requirement, see Table 1 and Annex C.
The purpose of this document is to provide end users, at different levels of the service process, from users and installers, integrators and maintenance companies, to certification providers, with methods to measure the performance of video analysis systems that must also comply with other parts of the standard.
- Standard228 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded firewood. This document applies only to firewood produced from the following raw materials (see ISO 17225-1:2021, Table 1):
1.1.1 Whole trees without roots;
1.1.3 Stemwood;
1.1.4 Logging residues (thick branches, tops, etc.);
1.2.1 Chemically untreated by-products
- Draft15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Corrigendum4 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the PKI method for the calculation of the methane number of a gaseous fuel, using the composition of the gas as sole input for the calculation.
This document applies to natural gas (and biomethane) and their admixtures with hydrogen.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method to measure ice adhesion from artificial ice on test substrates by using a centrifuge. Basic ice types are defined and test parameters for the ice removal are described to achieve reproducibility of test results for ice adhesion measurements for rotor blade coatings. This document does not intend to provide fixed test parameter to account for the diversity of relevant icing scenarios in this field of application.
NOTE In practice, ice adhesion can be determined by two different measurement principles, the centrifugal test (covered in this document) and the shear test, which differ in dynamic and quasistatic shear rates.
This test method can be used to test the adhesion of dynamic ice on the coating system of a wind turbine rotor blade under operation.
- Technical specification17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document applies to gas appliances intended for outdoor use capable of working with gases of the second family or second and third family.
This document does not apply to appliances intended for commercial purposes.
The scope of this document is the same as the scope of the product standards developed by the European Technical Committee CEN/TC 181 covering the same type of appliance but limited to the use of liquefied petroleum gases, hereinafter referred to as ‘the product standard’.
This standard is applicable in addition to the product standards developed by CEN/TC 181 covering LPG dedicated appliances. For example, the product standards are:
- for an independent cooktop: EN 484;
- for multi-purpose boiling burners: EN 497;
- for a barbecue or griddle: EN 498;
- for a patio heater: EN 14543;
- flueless non-domestic space heaters: EN 461.
This document does not apply to appliances under the scope of EN 449.
This document does not apply to appliances fitted with a gas pressure governor.
This document specifies the manufacturing, and marking requirements and establish the testing method of appliances prior to their placing on the market and during further assessments.
This document does not apply for changing the appliance category of an appliance already put on the market.
This document specifies the modifications of the appliances allowed to change the type of gas to be used depending of its gas category.
This document does not apply to appliances burning liquefied petroleum gases at the vapour pressure within the gas cartridge or gas cylinder.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the functional requirements relevant for design, materials, construction, testing, operation and maintenance of gas pressure control stations to ensure their reliability in terms of safety of the station itself and the downstream system and continuity of service.
This document is applicable for gas pressure control stations which are part of gas transmission or distribution systems for hydrogen, and hydrogen rich, and methane rich gases. Additional requirements in the case of gases heavier than air and/or toxic or corrosive gases are not covered by this document.
This document does not apply to gas pressure control stations in operation prior to the publication of this document. However, Annex D of this document can be used as guidance for the evaluation of stations in operation prior to the publication of this document, regarding the change of the type of gas, e.g. repurposing for the use with hydrogen.
The stations covered by this document have a maximum upstream operating pressure, which does not exceed 100 bar. For higher maximum upstream operating pressures, this document can be used as a guideline.
If the inlet pipework of the station is a service line and the maximum upstream operating pressure does not exceed 16 bar and the design flow rate is equal to 2000 kW based on the gross calorific value or less, EN 12279 applies.
This document contains the basic system requirements for gas pressure control stations. Requirements for individual components (valves, regulators, safety devices, pipes, etc.) or installation of the components are contained in the appropriate European Standards.
NOTE For combined control and measuring stations, the additional requirements of EN 1776 can apply.
The requirements in this document do not apply to the design and construction of auxiliary facilities such as sampling, calorimetering, odorization systems and density measuring. These facilities are covered by the appropriate European Standards, where existing, or applicable national standards.
The requirements of this document are based on good gas engineering practice under conditions normally encountered in the gas industry. Requirements for unusual conditions cannot be specifically provided for, nor are all engineering and construction details prescribed.
The objective of this document is to ensure the safe operation of such stations. This does not, however, relieve all concerned of the responsibility for taking the necessary care and applying effective quality and safety management during the design, construction, operation and maintenance.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the MNC method for the calculation of the methane number of a gaseous fuel, using the composition of the gas as sole input for the calculation.
This document applies to natural gas (and biomethane) and their admixtures with hydrogen.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
There are numerous pathways to produce hydrogen. This document specifies a methodology for different hydrogen production pathways for determining the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions associated with the hydrogen supply chain from the raw material extraction up to the production gate. This document considers the GHG emissions associated with hydrogen production up to the production gate. This document applies to and includes every step within the production process up to the production gate (see Figure 2 in the Introduction). NOTE Complementary documents in the ISO 19870 series will consider hydrogen conditioning, conversion and transport methods. ISO 14044 requires the goal and scope of a life cycle assessment (LCA) be clearly defined and be consistent with the intended application. Due to the iterative nature of LCAs, it is possible that the LCA scope needs to be refined during the study. According to ISO 14040:2006, A.2, the goals and scope of LCAs correspond to one of the following two approaches: an approach that assigns elementary flows and potential environmental impacts to a specific product system, typically as an account of the history of the product (see 4.1.2); an approach that studies the environmental consequences of possible (future) changes between alternative product systems (see 4.1.3). In this document, approach a) is referred to as an attributional approach, while approach b) is referred to as a consequential approach. Complementary information is accessible in the ILCD handbook[4]. A carbon footprint of a product (CFP) (3.1.2) or partial CFP (3.1.3) as defined by ISO 14067 can be estimated using either the attributional or the consequential approach, the latter corresponding to the use of “system expansion via substitution” to avoid allocation when a unit process yields multiple co-products. This document applies to the CFP for hydrogen production.
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- Standard132 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, which is a Technical Report, provides non-binding information regarding the lubricant, lubrication system layout, and performance for wind turbine gearboxes. This document covers oil lubricated gearboxes. Additionally, guidance for selected lubricant parameters as well as for monitoring and maintaining lubricant characteristics is offered.
- Technical report47 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 61400-40:2026 provides the EMC requirements and test methods that apply to the individual wind turbine and all the sub systems which are part of the wind turbine. The current document applies to measurements on individual wind turbines and not multiple wind turbines. This document defines the requirements and test methods for the verification of the wind turbine performance against radiated emissions and the immunity of their components against conducted and radiated phenomena. This document is applicable to onshore and offshore wind turbines.
- Draft25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61400 specifies a method to calculate the design reliability of wind turbines gearboxes covered by IEC 61400‑4, based upon failure modes where standardized calculation methods are publicly available. Currently, not all failure mechanisms that occur in the field have accepted theoretical models. Therefore, the method only provides a quantitative assessment method of the failure mechanisms that can be described with accepted mathematical models for the complete gearbox, stages (functional units), field replaceable units, and individual components. For the calculable failure mechanisms, it is possible to compare the reliability between different gearbox designs within the limitations of the theoretical models. The use of field-based statistical parameters can improve the accuracy of the calculated reliability. The calculated design reliability can provide information for the lifecycle management strategy. However, this document does not provide trade-off decisions between higher design reliability and maintenance strategies (e.g. preventive or predictive maintenance). This document does not consider repairable system analysis. Due to the lack of accepted theoretical models for some failure modes, the model can currently not predict the apparent failure probability in the field. Neither this document nor IEC 61400-4 specify a minimum value of design reliability.
- Technical specification35 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded firewood. This document applies only to firewood produced from the following raw materials (see ISO 17225-1:2021, Table 1): 1.1.1 Whole trees without roots; 1.1.3 Stemwood; 1.1.4 Logging residues (thick branches, tops, etc.); 1.2.1 Chemically untreated by-products
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard11 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This Standard specifies the functions, performance, interfaces, environmental adaptability, test methods, performance evaluation and grading rules of real-time intelligent video analysis in surveillance systems. This Standard applies to live and forensic, real-time intelligent video analysis devices and systems in video surveillance. The standard is centered on testing performance and grading device functionality which enables; - Core Capability: Classification of Objects, Detection of specific "object activity" such as "stopping", "starting", "direction of movement", etc. Examples and current expanded list in Annex H - Complex Capability: Detection of "scenarios" which are based on combinations of object activity such as "loitering", "perimeter intrusion detection", "person down", "tailgating", "intrusion", “abandoned object detection”, Explosion, Fire, Flood, Potential Terrorist attack using a vehicle, Owner of an abandoned bag, etc. Examples of current scenarios are listed and described in Annex I
- Standard228 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the safety requirements for reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engine driven generating sets up to 1 000 V alternating current (AC) or 1 500 V direct current (DC) and voltages above 1 000 V (AC) and not exceeding 36 kV consisting of an RIC engine, an AC generator including the additional equipment required for operating, e.g. controlgear, switchgear, auxiliary equipment.
This document is applicable to generating sets for land and marine use (domestic, recreational and industrial application). This document is not applicable to generating sets used on board of seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units as well as on aircraft or to propel road vehicles and locomotives.
This document is not applicable to gensets and components manufactured before the date of its publication.
NOTE This document does not apply to arc welding equipment (IEC 60974 series).
This document does not specify the special requirements needed to cover operation in potentially explosive atmospheres and is not applicable for such environments.
The hazards relevant to RIC engine driven generating sets are identified in Table A.1.
This document deals with the special requirements of test and safety design which are observed in addition to the definitions and requirements in ISO 8528-1:2018, ISO 8528-2:2018, ISO 8528-3:2020, ISO 8528-4:2025, ISO 8528-5:2025, ISO 8528-6:2023 and ISO 8528-10:2022, where applicable. This document specifies safety requirements in order to protect the user from danger.
- Draft47 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and provides guidance that enable an organization to reduce its energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (ERGE). This document is applicable: to any organization regardless of its type, size, complexity, geographical location, organizational culture or the products and services it provides; to energy-related Scope 1 emissions and Scope 2 emissions; irrespective of the quantity, use or types of energy consumed. This document requires demonstration of absolute ERGE reduction aligned with ERGE target(s). Annex A provides information on the relationship between ISO 50001:2018 and this document. Annex B provides information on GHG emissions and GHG emission factors. Annex C provides guidance related to the decarbonization planning.
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This document specifies the safety requirements for reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engine driven generating sets up to 1 000 V alternating current (AC) or 1 500 V direct current (DC) and voltages above 1 000 V (AC) and not exceeding 36 kV consisting of an RIC engine, an AC generator including the additional equipment required for operating, e.g. controlgear, switchgear, auxiliary equipment. This document is applicable to generating sets for land and marine use (domestic, recreational and industrial application). This document is not applicable to generating sets used on board of seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units as well as on aircraft or to propel road vehicles and locomotives. This document is not applicable to gensets and components manufactured before the date of its publication. NOTE This document does not apply to arc welding equipment (IEC 60974 series). This document does not specify the special requirements needed to cover operation in potentially explosive atmospheres and is not applicable for such environments. The hazards relevant to RIC engine driven generating sets are identified in Table A.1. This document deals with the special requirements of test and safety design which are observed in addition to the definitions and requirements in ISO 8528-1:2018, ISO 8528-2:2018, ISO 8528-3:2020, ISO 8528-4:2025, ISO 8528-5:2025, ISO 8528-6:2023 and ISO 8528-10:2022, where applicable. This document specifies safety requirements in order to protect the user from danger.
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- Standard51 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document applies to gas appliances intended for outdoor use capable of working with gases of the second family or second and third family.
This document does not apply to appliances intended for commercial purposes.
The scope of this document is the same as the scope of the product standards developed by the European Technical Committee CEN/TC 181 covering the same type of appliance but limited to the use of liquefied petroleum gases, hereinafter referred to as ‘the product standard’.
This standard is applicable in addition to the product standards developed by CEN/TC 181 covering LPG dedicated appliances. For example, the product standards are:
- for an independent cooktop: EN 484;
- for multi-purpose boiling burners: EN 497;
- for a barbecue or griddle: EN 498;
- for a patio heater: EN 14543;
- flueless non-domestic space heaters: EN 461.
This document does not apply to appliances under the scope of EN 449.
This document does not apply to appliances fitted with a gas pressure governor.
This document specifies the manufacturing, and marking requirements and establish the testing method of appliances prior to their placing on the market and during further assessments.
This document does not apply for changing the appliance category of an appliance already put on the market.
This document specifies the modifications of the appliances allowed to change the type of gas to be used depending of its gas category.
This document does not apply to appliances burning liquefied petroleum gases at the vapour pressure within the gas cartridge or gas cylinder.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63413:2026 provides guidance and establishes requirements for the qualification of I&C platforms, according to IEC nuclear standards, aimed to be used in nuclear applications important to safety. Qualification of an I&C platform (also called pre-qualification or generic qualification) is performed as a generic activity outside the framework of a plant-specific application project. Platform qualification aims to fulfil in an anticipated manner all requirements leading to an I&C platform fully suitable for the implementation of a plant-specific application project.
The platform qualification covers consequently all I&C platform specific aspects including hardware, software, HPD, engineering tools, environmental qualification, quality and the applied safety life cycle supporting these activities. Platform qualification also considers interaction of platform assemblies. This document applies to I&C platforms under development, as well as to pre-existing I&C platforms.
This document provides guidance on what is relevant to I&C platform qualification and what is relevant to the implementation of an I&C system design based on a qualified I&C platform.
The objective of this document is to identify those requirements that relate closely to an I&C platform qualification and aims to support a two-step approach for the licensing of I&C systems based on this I&C platform. If the complete qualification of an I&C system is performed in the framework of a plant-specific application, this document does not apply.
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- Standard86 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 60904-1-2:2024 describes procedures for the measurement of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of single junction bifacial photovoltaic devices in natural or simulated sunlight. It is applicable to encapsulated solar cells, sub-assemblies of such cells or entire PV modules. For measurements of I-V characteristics of non-encapsulated solar cells, IEC TS 63202-3 applies.
The requirements for measurement of I-V characteristics of standard (monofacial) PV devices are covered by IEC 60904-1, whereas this document describes the additional requirements for the measurement of I-V characteristics of bifacial PV devices.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The scope has been updated and refers to IEC TS 63202-3 for the measurement of non‑encapsulated solar cells.
b) The requirements for the non-uniformity of irradiance have been updated and now refer to classifications introduced in IEC 60904-9.
c) The requirement for non-irradiated background has been revised.
d) Spectral mismatch corrections are no longer mandatory, unless required by another standard. Spectral mismatch would have to be considered in the measurement uncertainty.
e) The requirement regarding the calculation of bifaciality has been modified: Equivalent irradiance shall not be calculated based on the minimum bifaciality value between ISC and Pmax, but on the bifaciality of ISC.
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- Technical specification42 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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- Amendment20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63409-3:2025 specifies test procedures for confirming the basic operational characteristics of power conversion equipment (PCE) for use in photovoltaic (PV) power systems with or without energy storage. The basic operational characteristics are the capability of the PCE before any limitations due to internal settings are applied to the PCE to meet specific grid support functions or specific behaviours against abnormal changes.
This document covers the testing of the following items:
a) Steady state characteristics
Test procedures to confirm operable range of PCE at steady state condition are described. The operable ranges in apparent power, active power, reactive power, power factor, grid voltage and grid frequency are confirmed according to the test procedures.
b) Transient-response characteristics
Test procedures to confirm PCE’s response against a change of operational condition are described.
This document only considers the changes within normal (continuous) operable ranges. Therefore, the behaviours against abnormal changes and grid support functions are out of the scope and are covered in other parts of this series.
- Standard72 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 62257-200:2026 provides a method for describing the results to be achieved by the electrification system independently of the technical solutions that could be implemented.
The purpose of this part of IEC 62257 is to provide a method to assist designers of renewable energy systems, project contractors and project developers to design the electrification system for isolated sites while matching the identified needs. This part of IEC 62257 assesses the needs of the users and the different power system architectures which can be used for meeting these needs. In relation to the needs of the different participants to the project, functional requirements to be achieved by the production and distribution subsystems are listed.
This document provides technical standardization to different stakeholders (including but not limited to project developers, financing agencies, testing agencies, installers, etc.) involved in electrification projects for access to electricity for those not solely connected to the regional grid, through the setting up of off-grid renewable energy and hybrid systems (including micro-grids) with a voltage less than or equal to 1 000 V for AC (alternating current) or a voltage less than or equal to 1 500 V for DC (direct current). This document could be used for rural electrification, also for electrification of remote sites in developed countries, or any requirement for electricity access that cannot be met by attaching solely to the national utility grid. They promote the use of renewable energies, but at this time they do not deal with clean-energy mechanisms development (CO2 emissions, carbon credit, etc.).
- Technical specification82 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the content of heavy extraneous materials (HEM) larger than 3,15 mm by the use of sink-and-float separation combined with elutriation. This document is applicable to woody biomass in accordance with ISO 17225-1, and especially for hogfuel in accordance with ISO 17225-9.
NOTE 1 This method is designed to determine the level of impurities larger than 3,15 mm with a specific density >1 g/cm3, such as stones, glass, rubber, metal and certain types of plastics.
NOTE 2 During the processing of the sample, hand sorting of light impurities with a specific density ≤1 g/cm3 (e.g. plastic foil) can also be done.
NOTE 3 Some heavy extraneous materials (e.g. lumps of clay) can fall apart when submerged in water.
NOTE 4 Heavy extraneous materials smaller than 3,15 mm can damage milling equipment, when reducing the material in size to produce laboratory samples.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies fuelling protocols for liquid hydrogen (LH2), defining the minimum design, installation and operation requirements for a safe, as well as fast, efficient and interoperable hydrogen transfer from the fuelling station to the vehicle fuel system. This document applies to land vehicles of all types equipped with a liquid hydrogen storage system in accordance with ISO 13985. The protocols described in this document are currently limited to vehicles with storage system total internal volume equal to or comprised between 0,6 m3 and 4 m3. The requirements specified in this document are also applicable to further hydrogen applications, however, further specific requirements that can be necessary for the safe operation of such fuelling are not addressed in this document. This document specifies the requirements for liquid hydrogen fuelling and dispensing systems, fuelling station - vehicle interface and vehicle storage system in order to minimise the risk of fire, explosion or any other hydrogen adverse effects to an acceptable level, especially during and after the fuelling process.
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IEC TS 63371-1:2026 applies to crystalline silicon wafers for use as the substrates in making photovoltaic cells. It describes the methods for measuring the electrical characteristics of these silicon wafers. It does not provide mechanical information about these wafers. Annex A shows the widely accepted electrical characteristics values. The purpose of this document is to establish a standardized specification for crystalline silicon wafers, defining their electrical characteristics, the applicable test methods, and the acceptable value ranges for those characteristics.
- Technical specification10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 63423:2026 applies to cable connector assemblies for harsh environment purposes that are important to safety. It covers the engineering safety aspects to be met in the design, qualification, fabrication, assembling, testing, and installation on site of cable connector assemblies to be operated under accident conditions.
This document can be additionally used for cable assemblies that are operated under normal conditions.
This document covers cable connector assemblies that are used for the following generic functions:
- signal transmission (AC or DC voltage/current; pulses, frequency), or
- supplying electrical energy to sensors, transducers, or other devices.
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- Standard36 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
CORRECTED VERSION 2026-04
IEC TR 61400-4-2:2026 provides non-binding information regarding the lubricant, lubrication system layout, and performance for wind turbine gearboxes. This document covers oil lubricated gearboxes. Additionally, guidance for selected lubricant parameters as well as for monitoring and maintaining lubricant characteristics is offered. This document provides a common reference for lubrication related matters for wind turbine drive trains. ISO/TR 18792 provides information for lubrication of industrial gearboxes. Some information is similar or identical to this document.
This document is useful to wind turbine system and component designers, wind turbine manufacturers, and owners/operators to ensure that lubricant related matters are addressed in the gearbox design and operation phases.
This current document covers oil lubricated gearboxes and is developed based on experience with predominantly gearboxes with rolling bearings. It can be applied to gearboxes with plain bearings but possibly does not yet address all aspects of this technology. The document structure is prepared to receive further content related to other components in the wind turbine drivetrain and include additional types of lubricants.
This corrected version of IEC TR 61400-4-2:2026 incorporates the following correction:
- addition in the foreword that this is a double logo technical report prepared in cooperation with ISO/TC 60
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IEC 61400-40:2026 provides the EMC requirements and test methods that apply to the individual wind turbine and all the sub systems which are part of the wind turbine.
The current document applies to measurements on individual wind turbines and not multiple wind turbines.
This document defines the requirements and test methods for the verification of the wind turbine performance against radiated emissions and the immunity of their components against conducted and radiated phenomena. This document is applicable to onshore and offshore wind turbines.
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- Standard27 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard51 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC 63341-3:2025 specifies the performance evaluation methodologies for fuel cell power systems that are designed for utilisation in electrically propelled rolling stock.
The scope of this document concerns itself exclusively with electrically powered rolling stock. Internal combustion engines utilising hydrogen are not encompassed within the scope of this document.
This document is applicable to hydrogen fuel cell power systems for electrically propelled rolling stock.
This document does not apply to reformer-equipped fuel cell power systems.
This document does not cover the hydrogen fuel systems that are permanently or separately attached to either the rolling stock or the fuel cell power system. These systems are addressed in IEC 63341-2. The fundamental system overview, incorporating the interrelationships between the primary functions and the connections to the external system, is delineated in IEC 63341-1:2025, Figure 4.
The relevant standards are comprehensively delineated in IEC 63341-1. The performance targets for fuel cell power systems are agreed upon between the user and the manufacturer.
- Standard63 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
CORRECTED VERSION 2026-02
IEC 62862-3-6:2026 specifies laboratory test methods to assess the durability of silvered-glass reflectors with high technical performance to be used in concentrating solar technologies. The reflectors within the scope of this document are composed of a float-glass substrate and a reflecting silver layer on its back-side, which is protected by a thin copper layer and an anticorrosive paint system composed of a primer and a top coating, and an optional intermediate coating.
This document defines multiple accelerated aging tests on reflector samples of size of 10 cm × 10 cm or larger. It defines the measurement methods to determine the degradation parameters used for assessment and the acceptance criteria of the accelerated aging tests.
Annex A of this document outlines the procedure to apply this document to reflector types of different composition than that of the silvered float-glass reflectors described above.
Annex B provides information on how to approximately correlate the measured degradation of selected accelerated aging tests with outdoor exposure in different environments. These correlations are limited to silvered float-glass reflector types with the abovementioned layer stack, since differing coating types are likely to introduce unforeseen degradation modes, which possibly will not be triggered under the proposed testing conditions.
This corrected version of IEC 62862-3-6:2026 incorporates the following correction:
– Addition of bibliographic reference numbers in the content
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 62676-6:2026 specifies the functions, performance, interfaces, environmental adaptability, test methods, performance evaluation and grading rules of real-time intelligent video analysis in surveillance systems.
This document applies to live and forensic, real-time intelligent video analysis devices and systems in video surveillance.
The document is centred on testing performance and grading device functionality which enables:
• Core capability: Classification of objects, detection of specific "object activity", such as "stopping", "starting", "direction of movement", etc.
Examples are listed in Annex A.
• Complex capability: Detection of "scenarios" which are based on combinations of object activity, such as "loitering", "perimeter intrusion detection", "person down", "tailgating", "intrusion", "abandoned object detection", explosion, fire, flood, potential terrorist attack using a vehicle, owner of an abandoned bag, etc.
Examples of current scenarios are listed and described in Annex B.
• Degree of difficulty: The application of real operating environments to test the performance under known or required operating stress levels, examples of operating stress levels that are sterile or non-sterile, indoor or outdoor, target obscuration levels, extreme weather conditions, vibrating mechanical rugged environments causing image shake resulting in degradation of image quality requirement, see Table 1 and Annex C.
The purpose of this document is to provide end users, at different levels of the service process, from users and installers, integrators and maintenance companies, to certification providers, with methods to measure the performance of video analysis systems that must also comply with other parts of the standard.
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- Standard236 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard460 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
CORRECTED VERSION 2026-04
IEC TS 61400-4-1:2026 specifies a method to calculate the design reliability of wind turbines gearboxes covered by IEC 61400‑4, based upon failure modes where standardized calculation methods are publicly available.
For the calculable failure mechanisms, it is possible to compare the reliability between different gearbox designs within the limitations of the theoretical models. The use of field-based statistical parameters can improve the accuracy of the calculated reliability.
The calculated design reliability can provide information for the lifecycle management strategy. However, this document does not provide trade-off decisions between higher design reliability and maintenance strategies (e.g. preventive or predictive maintenance). This document does not consider repairable system analysis.
Due to the lack of accepted theoretical models for some failure modes, the model can currently not predict the apparent failure probability in the field.
Neither this document nor IEC 61400-4 specify a minimum value of design reliability.
This corrected version of IEC TS 61400-4-1:2026 incorporates the following correction:
- addition in the foreword that this is a double logo technical specification prepared in cooperation with ISO/TC 60
- Technical specification35 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC SRD 63443-1:2026 covers the terms and definitions, system composition and a service scenario of Distributed Energy Resource Aggregation Business (ERAB) System that is the convergence of Distributed Energy Resource (DER) units, Controllable loads, ERAB Controller, and a smart volt-ampere meter to measure the performance of the ERAB Controller, separating to Virtual Power Plant whose definition is the group of distributed energy resources which combine to function as a dispatchable unit.
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This document specifies: the test conditions and test methods for determining capacity and efficiency ratings; calculation methods for seasonal performance. This applies to factory made, electric mains operated, variable refrigerant flow air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps with a rated capacity above 12 kW for cooling or for heating if the product has no cooling function. In this document, “heat pumps” means “air-to-air heat pumps” and “air conditioners” means “air-cooled air conditioners”. This document establishes a method for determining global variable refrigerant flow (VRF) performance with annexes addressing specific national or regional deviations, such as regionally specific power or testing requirements. This document does not apply to the testing and rating of: water-source heat pumps or water-cooled air conditioners; multi-split systems where each indoor unit has dedicated piping connected directly to the outdoor unit; individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system.
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IEC 60364-8-81:2026 provides additional requirements, measures and recommendations for the design, erection, operation and verification of all types of low-voltage electrical installation including local production and storage of energy for optimizing the overall efficient use of electricity.
It introduces requirements, recommendations and methods for the design and the energy efficiency (EE) assessment of an electrical installation within the framework of an energy efficiency management approach in order to get the best permanent functionally equivalent service for the lowest electrical energy consumption and the optimal availability and acceptable cost-effectiveness.
These requirements, recommendations and methods apply, within the scope of the IEC 60364 series, for new installations and modification of existing installations.
This document is applicable to the electrical installation of a building or system and does not apply to products. The energy efficiency of products and their operational requirements are covered by the relevant product standards.
It is possible that another standard provides specific requirements for a particular system or installation application (e.g. manufacturing system covered by ISO 20140 series).
This document does not specifically provide requirements for building automation systems. The contribution of building automation systems to improve energy efficiency of the installation is considered.
This group energy efficiency publication is primarily intended to be used as an energy efficiency standard for the low-voltage electrical installations mentioned in the scope, but is also intended to be used by technical committees in the preparation of publications, in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 118
This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 60364-8-1 published in 2019. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) modified numbering that allows IEC 60364-7 subparts to amend this document;
b) alignment of the definitions with IEC 60050-826;
c) introduction of minimum energy moment method in Annex A;
d) improvements in Annex B
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IEC 62933-3-1:2025 is applicable to EES systems designed for grid-connected indoor or outdoor installation and operation. This document considers:
necessary functions and capabilities of EES systems; sizing and design of EES system; operation of EES system; test items and performance assessment methods for EES systems; requirements for monitoring and acquisition of EES system operating parameters; exchange of system information and control capabilities required; maintenance of EES system. Stakeholders of this document comprise personnel involved with EES systems, which include:
- planners of electric power systems and EES systems;
- owners of EES systems;
- operators of electric power systems and EES systems;
- constructors;
- suppliers of EES systems and its equipment;
- aggregators.
Use-case-specific technical documentation, including planning and installation specific tasks such as system design, monitoring, measurement, tests, operation and maintenance, are very important and can be found throughout this document.
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IEC 62933-4-3:2025 applies to the effects of the environmental conditions on Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). This document addresses these effects and identifies causes, chain of events and final effects on the BESS. Based on those effects, preventative or mitigating measures are described. Typical environmental effects on the BESS include, but are not limited to, the effects of lightning, seismic activities, water, air, flora, fauna, and humans. The described measures focus as a guideline on the entire BESS including all power and communication connections and its Point of Connections (POCs).
The scope of this document is limited to BESS specific requirements and operating conditions. Specific design or safety requirements of individual BESS subsystems are excluded from this document.
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This document provides guidelines for the use of hydrogen in its gaseous and liquid forms as well as its storage in either of these or other forms (hydrides). This document identifies the basic safety concerns, hazards and risks, and describes the properties of hydrogen that are relevant to safety. Detailed safety requirements associated with specific hydrogen applications are treated in separate International Standards.
“Hydrogen” in this document means protium (the most common isotope of hydrogen) (1H), not deuterium (2H) or tritium (3H).
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the content of heavy extraneous materials (HEM) larger than 3,15 mm by the use of sink-and-float separation combined with elutriation. This document is applicable to woody biomass in accordance with ISO 17225-1, and especially for hogfuel in accordance with ISO 17225-9.
NOTE 1 This method is designed to determine the level of impurities larger than 3,15 mm with a specific density >1 g/cm3, such as stones, glass, rubber, metal and certain types of plastics.
NOTE 2 During the processing of the sample, hand sorting of light impurities with a specific density ≤1 g/cm3 (e.g. plastic foil) can also be done.
NOTE 3 Some heavy extraneous materials (e.g. lumps of clay) can fall apart when submerged in water.
NOTE 4 Heavy extraneous materials smaller than 3,15 mm can damage milling equipment, when reducing the material in size to produce laboratory samples.
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IEC 63409-3:2025 specifies test procedures for confirming the basic operational characteristics of power conversion equipment (PCE) for use in photovoltaic (PV) power systems with or without energy storage. The basic operational characteristics are the capability of the PCE before any limitations due to internal settings are applied to the PCE to meet specific grid support functions or specific behaviours against abnormal changes. This document covers the testing of the following items: a) Steady state characteristics Test procedures to confirm operable range of PCE at steady state condition are described. The operable ranges in apparent power, active power, reactive power, power factor, grid voltage and grid frequency are confirmed according to the test procedures. b) Transient-response characteristics Test procedures to confirm PCE’s response against a change of operational condition are described. This document only considers the changes within normal (continuous) operable ranges. Therefore, the behaviours against abnormal changes and grid support functions are out of the scope and are covered in other parts of this series.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the content of heavy extraneous materials (HEM) larger than 3,15 mm by the use of sink-and-float separation combined with elutriation. This document is applicable to woody biomass in accordance with ISO 17225-1, and especially for hogfuel in accordance with ISO 17225-9. NOTE 1 This method is designed to determine the level of impurities larger than 3,15 mm with a specific density >1 g/cm3, such as stones, glass, rubber, metal and certain types of plastics. NOTE 2 During the processing of the sample, hand sorting of light impurities with a specific density ≤1 g/cm3 (e.g. plastic foil) can also be done. NOTE 3 Some heavy extraneous materials (e.g. lumps of clay) can fall apart when submerged in water. NOTE 4 Heavy extraneous materials smaller than 3,15 mm can damage milling equipment, when reducing the material in size to produce laboratory samples.
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This document applies to single stage, two stage and economised refrigerant compressors. Selected test methods are described for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, the power input, the isentropic efficiency and where possible the volumetric efficiency. These test methods provide results of sufficient accuracy to permit consideration of the suitability of a refrigerant compressor to operate satisfactorily under any set of basic test conditions required for a given application. NOTE Tests on complete refrigeration installations are dealt with in ISO 916.
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This document specifies safety, design, construction and performance requirements and testing for electronic fuel/air ratio control (FARC) systems. Systems can include sensors, mechanical actuators and motors/blowers that make up the complete system. Systems can be described as: closed loop fuel/air ratio control systems (ERC), see 3.1.1; closed loop fuel/air ratio trim systems (ERT), see 3.1.2; fuel/air ratio supervision systems (ERS), see 3.2. NOTE 1 Throughout this document, the word “system” means “FARC control and system components”. These systems are intended for use with burners and appliances that burn gaseous or liquid fuels. This document describes the procedures for evaluating these requirements and specifies information necessary for installation and use. This document applies to the inherent safety of the system, to the declared operating values, operating times and operating sequences if they are associated with FARC safety and to the testing of FARC systems used in, on or in association with appliances. NOTE 2 The documents for burners, appliances or processes which use ERC, ERS or ERT can override the requirements of this document. This document prescribes testing requirements in addition to the relevant standards for integrated devices or components (e.g. actuators) to ensure safe operation of the FARC system. If no part 2 standards in ISO/TC 161, Controls and protective devices for gaseous and liquid fuels, or IEC/TC 72, Textile machinery and accessories, exist, then IEC 60730-1 is considered. NOTE 3 Supplemental or modified requirements and tests and evaluations can be needed for ERC, ERS or ERT systems for conformance with relevant burner, appliance or process standards. Conformance of an ERC, ERS or ERT with this document does not imply that such systems or components thereof are acceptable for use on an appliance without supplemental tests of the control system applied to the particular appliance to meet the requirements of the relevant burner, appliance or process standard(s). This document applies to electronic fuel/air ratio control systems that can be tested independently or as a system or as part of an appliance or as part of a burner. This document does not cover burner control function like e.g. burner ignition, flame supervision and fuel shutoff.
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This document provides guidelines for the use of hydrogen in its gaseous and liquid forms as well as its storage in either of these or other forms (hydrides). This document identifies the basic safety concerns, hazards and risks, and describes the properties of hydrogen that are relevant to safety. Detailed safety requirements associated with specific hydrogen applications are treated in separate International Standards. “Hydrogen” in this document means protium (the most common isotope of hydrogen) (1H), not deuterium (2H) or tritium (3H).
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