29.080 - Insulation
ICS 29.080 Details
Insulation
Isolierung
Isolation
Izolacija
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IEC 62896:2024 applies to hybrid insulators for AC and DC applications greater than 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC consisting of a load-bearing insulating solid or hollow core consisting of ceramic or glass, a housing (defined geometry, outside the insulating core) made of polymeric material and end fittings permanently attached to the insulating core. Hybrid insulators covered by this document are intended for use as suspension/tension long rod and cap and pin type insulators, line post insulators, station post insulators and hollow core insulators for apparatus. The object of this document is to: - define the terms used; - prescribe test methods; - prescribe acceptance criteria This document does not include requirements dealing with the choice of insulators for specific operating conditions. This first edition cancels and replaces the IEC TS 62896 published in 2015. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - modifications of terms and definitions; - modifications of tests procedures included in IEC TR 62039 and IEC 62217 (Hydrophobicity transfer test); - harmonization of Table 1 (Tests to be carried out after design and type changes) with other product standards and IEC 62217.
- Draft19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC/TR 62730:2012(E) is applicable to polymeric insulators whose insulating body consists of one or various organic materials. Polymeric insulators covered by this technical report include both solid core and hollow insulators. They are intended for use on overhead lines and in indoor and outdoor equipment with a rated voltage greater than 1 000 V. The object of this technical report is:
- to define the common terms used;
- to give the background behind the development and use of the 5 000 h multiple stress test and the tracking wheel test;
- to describe the test methods for the 5 000 h multiple stress test and the tracking wheel tests on polymeric insulators;
- to describe possible acceptance or failure criteria, if applicable. Key words: polymeric insulators, multiple stress test, 5000 h
- Technical report19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report38 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This standard is applicable to vertical connecting terminal flags for insulated bushings with rated currents from 250 A to 4 000 A and frequencies from 15 Hz to 60 Hz for liquid immersed equipment.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 63177:2024 specifies the test method for the compatibility of construction materials with electrical insulating liquids for use in electrical equipment, such as liquid-immersed transformers and tap-changers, liquid-impregnated capacitors, and liquid-cooled rotating machines used in electrical vehicles and oil pumps. This document is applicable to mineral insulating liquids, natural esters, silicone insulating liquids, synthetic organic esters, modified esters, capacitor fluids based on synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons and e-transmission fluids used in electrical vehicles and oil pumps. The compatibility tests are not sufficient for a full qualification of construction materials for a given application without additional tests requested by the appropriate IEC Technical Committee or equipment manufacturers.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Corrigendum1 pageEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 62896:2024 applies to hybrid insulators for AC and DC applications greater than 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC consisting of a load-bearing insulating solid or hollow core consisting of ceramic or glass, a housing (defined geometry, outside the insulating core) made of polymeric material and end fittings permanently attached to the insulating core.
Hybrid insulators covered by this document are intended for use as suspension/tension long rod and cap and pin type insulators, line post insulators, station post insulators and hollow core insulators for apparatus.
The object of this document is to:
- define the terms used;
- prescribe test methods;
- prescribe acceptance criteria
This document does not include requirements dealing with the choice of insulators for specific operating conditions. This first edition cancels and replaces the IEC TS 62896 published in 2015. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- modifications of terms and definitions;
- modifications of tests procedures included in IEC TR 62039 and IEC 62217 (Hydrophobicity transfer test);
- harmonization of Table 1 (Tests to be carried out after design and type changes) with other product standards and IEC 62217.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Corrigendum1 pageEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60437:2023 specifies the procedure for a radio interference (RI) test carried out in a laboratory on clean and dry insulators at a frequency of 0,5 MHz or 1 MHz or, alternatively, at other frequencies between 0,5 MHz and 2 MHz.
This document applies to insulators for use on AC or DC overhead power lines and overhead traction lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1997. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1997. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Composite station post and composite hollow core station post insulators have been included;
b) All paragraphs of Samples test were actualized;
c) Sample test fast procedure was introduced.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard applies to composite hollow core station post insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube (core) made of resin impregnated fibres, insulating filler material (solid, liquid, gaseous - pressurized or unpressurized), a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of polymeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube. Composite hollow core station post insulators as defined in this standard are intended for general use in substations in both, outdoor and indoor environments, operating with a rated AC voltage greater than 1 000 V a.c. and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz or for use in direct current systems with a rated voltage greater than 1 500 V.d.c.
The object of this standard is:
to define the terms used;
to prescribe test methods;
to prescribe acceptance criteria.
All the tests in this standard, apart from the thermal-mechanical test, are performed at normal ambient temperature. This standard does not prescribe tests that are characteristic of the apparatus of which the composite hollow core station post insulator ultimately may form a part (e.g. disconnector switch, reactor support, HVDC valves).
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard applies to composite hollow insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube made of resin impregnated fibres, a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of elastomeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and metal fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube. Composite hollow insulators as defined in this standard are intended for general use (unpressurized) or for use with a permanent gas pressure (pressurized). They are intended for use in both outdoor and indoor electrical equipment operating on alternating current with a rated voltage greater than 1 000 V a.c. and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz or for use in direct current equipment with a rated voltage greater than 1 500 V d.c.
The object of this standard is:
- to define the terms used;
- to prescribe test methods;
- to prescribe acceptance criteria.
Hollow insulators are integrated into electrical equipment which is electrically type tested as required by the applicable equipment standard. So, it is not the object of this standard to prescribe dielectric type tests because the withstand voltages and flashover behaviour are not characteristics of the hollow insulator itself but of the apparatus of which it ultimately forms a part.
All the tests in this standard, apart from the thermal-mechanical test, are performed at normal ambient temperature. This standard does not prescribe tests that may be characteristic of the apparatus of which the hollow insulator ultimately forms a part.
Composite hollow insulators are intended for use in electrical equipment, such as, but not limited to:
- HV circuit-breakers,
- switch-disconnectors,
- disconnectors,
- station posts,
- disconnecting circuit breakers,
- earthing switches,
- instrument- and power transformers,
- bushings,
- cable terminations.
Additional testing defined by the relevant IEC equipment standard may be required.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
2022-06-02: CLC/TC 85X made a decision to temporarily remove the link, meanwhile working on the harmonziation issue via another amendment togther with CLC/TC 65X
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60437:2023 specifies the procedure for a radio interference (RI) test carried out in a laboratory on clean and dry insulators at a frequency of 0,5 MHz or 1 MHz or, alternatively, at other frequencies between 0,5 MHz and 2 MHz. This document applies to insulators for use on AC or DC overhead power lines and overhead traction lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1997. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1997. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Composite station post and composite hollow core station post insulators have been included; b) All paragraphs of Samples test were actualized; c) Sample test fast procedure was introduced.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 61934:2024 is available as IEC TS 61934:2024 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC TS 61934:2024 is applicable to the off-line electrical measurement of partial discharges (PDs) that occur in electrical insulation systems (EISs) when stressed by repetitive voltage impulses generated from power electronics devices.
Typical applications are EISs belonging to apparatus driven by power electronics, such as motors, inductive reactors, wind turbine generators and the power electronics modules themselves.
NOTE Use of this document with specific products can require the application of additional procedures.
Excluded from the scope of this document are:
- methods based on optical or ultrasonic PD detection,
- fields of application for PD measurements when stressed by non-repetitive impulse voltages such as lightning impulse or switching impulses from switchgear.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) background information on the progress being made in the field of power electronics including the introduction of wide band gap semiconductor devices has been added to the Introduction;
b) voltage impulse generators; the parameter values of the voltage impulse waveform have been modified to reflect application of wide band gap semiconductor devices.
c) PD detection methods; charge-based measurements are not described in this third edition nor are source-controlled gating techniques to suppress external noise.
d) Since the previous edition in 2011, there have been significant technical advances in this field as evidenced by several hundreds of publications. Consequently, the Bibliography in the 2011 edition has been deleted in this third edition.
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- Technical specification58 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard applies to composite hollow core station post insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube (core) made of resin impregnated fibres, insulating filler material (solid, liquid, gaseous - pressurized or unpressurized), a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of polymeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube. Composite hollow core station post insulators as defined in this standard are intended for general use in substations in both, outdoor and indoor environments, operating with a rated AC voltage greater than 1 000 V a.c. and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz or for use in direct current systems with a rated voltage greater than 1 500 V.d.c. The object of this standard is: to define the terms used; to prescribe test methods; to prescribe acceptance criteria. All the tests in this standard, apart from the thermal-mechanical test, are performed at normal ambient temperature. This standard does not prescribe tests that are characteristic of the apparatus of which the composite hollow core station post insulator ultimately may form a part (e.g. disconnector switch, reactor support, HVDC valves).
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60437:2023 specifies the procedure for a radio interference (RI) test carried out in a laboratory on clean and dry insulators at a frequency of 0,5 MHz or 1 MHz or, alternatively, at other frequencies between 0,5 MHz and 2 MHz.
This document applies to insulators for use on AC or DC overhead power lines and overhead traction lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1997. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1997. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Composite station post and composite hollow core station post insulators have been included;
b) All paragraphs of Samples test were actualized;
c) Sample test fast procedure was introduced.
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- Standard25 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
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IEC 62772:2023 is available as IEC 62772:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62772:2023 applies to composite hollow core station post insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube (core) made of resin impregnated fibres, insulating filler material (solid, liquid, gaseous – pressurized or unpressurized), a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of polymeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube. Composite hollow core station post insulators as defined in this standard are intended for general use in substations in both, outdoor and indoor environments, operating with a rated AC voltage greater than 1 000 V and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz or for use in direct current systems with a rated voltage greater than 1 500 V DC. The object of this document is:
- to define the terms used;
- to specify test methods;
- to specify acceptance criteria.
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- Standard62 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This part of IEC 61936 provides, in a convenient form, requirements for the design and the
erection of DC installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1,5 kV DC, so as to provide
safety and proper functioning for the use intended.
For the purpose of interpreting this document, a DC installation is considered to be one of the
following:
a) A converter station or DC switching station;
b) one (or more) DC generating or storage unit(s), such as solar farms or battery storage units,
located on a single site, the DC installation includes DC equipment and cables with all
associated power electronics, controlgear, switchgear and all electrical auxiliary systems.
Connections between DC generating or storage units located on different sites are excluded;
c) DC installation erected on offshore facilities for the purpose of generation, transmission,
distribution and/or storage of electricity; or
d) DC transition station (between overhead lines and underground cable or between different
sections of underground cables).
This International Standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following:
– overhead and underground lines between separate installations;
– electric railways;
– mining equipment and installations;
– installations on ships according to IEC 60092 series and offshore units according to
IEC 61892 series, which are used in the offshore petroleum industry for drilling, processing
and storage purposes;
– electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units);
– test sites;
– medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment;
– valve hall or converter hall.
This document does not apply to the requirements for carrying out live working on electrical
installations.
This document does not apply to the design of factory-built, type-tested thyristor valves, VSC
valves and switchgear for which separate IEC standards exist.
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IEC 61936-2:2023 provides, in a convenient form, requirements for the design and the erection of DC installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1,5 kV DC, so as to provide safety and proper functioning for the use intended. For the purpose of interpreting this document, a DC installation is considered to be one of the following: a) A converter station or DC switching station; b) one (or more) DC generating or storage unit(s), such as solar farms or battery storage units, located on a single site, the DC installation includes DC equipment and cables with all associated power electronics, controlgear, switchgear and all electrical auxiliary systems. Connections between DC generating or storage units located on different sites are excluded; c) DC installation erected on offshore facilities for the purpose of generation, transmission, distribution and/or storage of electricity; or d) DC transition station (between overhead lines and underground cable or between different sections of underground cables). This International Standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following: - overhead and underground lines between separate installations; - electric railways; - mining equipment and installations; i- installations on ships according to IEC 60092 series and offshore units according to IEC 61892 series, which are used in the offshore petroleum industry for drilling, processing and storage purposes; - electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units); - test sites; - medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment; - valve hall or converter hall. This document does not apply to the requirements for carrying out live working on electrical installations. This document does not apply to the design of factory-built, type-tested thyristor valves, VSC valves and switchgear for which separate IEC standards exist. This first edition cancels and replaces the IEC TS 61936-2 published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision. See the foreword of this edition for the list of significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition.
- Standard52 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard applies to composite hollow insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube made of resin impregnated fibres, a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of elastomeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and metal fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube. Composite hollow insulators as defined in this standard are intended for general use (unpressurized) or for use with a permanent gas pressure (pressurized). They are intended for use in both outdoor and indoor electrical equipment operating on alternating current with a rated voltage greater than 1 000 V a.c. and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz or for use in direct current equipment with a rated voltage greater than 1 500 V d.c. The object of this standard is: - to define the terms used; - to prescribe test methods; - to prescribe acceptance criteria. Hollow insulators are integrated into electrical equipment which is electrically type tested as required by the applicable equipment standard. So, it is not the object of this standard to prescribe dielectric type tests because the withstand voltages and flashover behaviour are not characteristics of the hollow insulator itself but of the apparatus of which it ultimately forms a part. All the tests in this standard, apart from the thermal-mechanical test, are performed at normal ambient temperature. This standard does not prescribe tests that may be characteristic of the apparatus of which the hollow insulator ultimately forms a part. Composite hollow insulators are intended for use in electrical equipment, such as, but not limited to: - HV circuit-breakers, - switch-disconnectors, - disconnectors, - station posts, - disconnecting circuit breakers, - earthing switches, - instrument- and power transformers, - bushings, - cable terminations. Additional testing defined by the relevant IEC equipment standard may be required.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
2022-06-02: CLC/TC 85X made a decision to temporarily remove the link, meanwhile working on the harmonziation issue via another amendment togther with CLC/TC 65X
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 60383 applies to insulators of ceramic material or glass for use on a.c. overhead power lines and overhead traction lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz. It also applies to insulators for use on d.c. overhead electric traction lines.
This part applies to string insulator units, rigid overhead line insulators and to insulators of similar design when used in substations.
lt does not apply to insulators forming parts of electrical apparatus or to parts used in their construction or to post insulators which are covered by IEC 60168: Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1 000 V.
Tests on insulator strings and insulator sets (for example, wet switching impulse voltage) are dealt with in part 2 of IEC 60383.
The object of this part is:
- to define the terms used
- to define insulator characteristics and to prescribe the conditions under which the specified values of these characteristics shall be verified
- to prescribe test methods
- to prescribe acceptance criteria.
This part does not include requirements dealing with the choice of insulators for specific operating conditions.
Specific requirements on the use of coatings on ceramic or glass insulators are described in the informative Annex C.
NOTE A guide for the choice of insulators under polluted conditions has been published, see IEC 60815-1 and -2.
Numerical values for insulator characteristics are specified in IEC 60305, IEC 60433 and IEC 60720.
- Standard66 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61936-2:2023 provides, in a convenient form, requirements for the design and the erection of DC installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1,5 kV DC, so as to provide safety and proper functioning for the use intended.
For the purpose of interpreting this document, a DC installation is considered to be one of the following:
a) A converter station or DC switching station;
b) one (or more) DC generating or storage unit(s), such as solar farms or battery storage units, located on a single site, the DC installation includes DC equipment and cables with all associated power electronics, controlgear, switchgear and all electrical auxiliary systems. Connections between DC generating or storage units located on different sites are excluded;
c) DC installation erected on offshore facilities for the purpose of generation, transmission, distribution and/or storage of electricity; or
d) DC transition station (between overhead lines and underground cable or between different sections of underground cables).
This International Standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following:
- overhead and underground lines between separate installations;
- electric railways;
- mining equipment and installations;
i- installations on ships according to IEC 60092 series and offshore units according to IEC 61892 series, which are used in the offshore petroleum industry for drilling, processing and storage purposes;
- electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units);
- test sites;
- medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment;
- valve hall or converter hall.
This document does not apply to the requirements for carrying out live working on electrical installations.
This document does not apply to the design of factory-built, type-tested thyristor valves, VSC valves and switchgear for which separate IEC standards exist.
This first edition cancels and replaces the IEC TS 61936-2 published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
See the foreword of this edition for the list of significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition.
- Standard102 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC 62561-3:2023 © IEC 2023 – 7 –
LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENTS (LPSC) –
Part 3: Requirements for isolating spark gaps (ISGs)
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62561 specifies the requirements and tests for isolating spark gaps (ISGs) for
lightning protection systems.
ISGs can be used to indirectly bond a lightning protection system to other nearby metalwork
where a direct bond is not permissible for functional reasons.
Typical applications include the connection to
• earth-termination systems of power installations,
• earth-termination systems of telecommunication systems,
• auxiliary earth electrodes of voltage-operated, earth fault circuit breakers,
• rail earth electrodes of power and DC railways,
• measuring earth electrodes for laboratories,
• installations with cathodic protection and stray current systems,
• service entry masts for low-voltage overhead cables,
• bypassing insulated flanges and insulated couplings of pipelines.
Applications where follow currents occur are not included.
Extra requirements for the components can be necessary for LSCs intended for use in
hazardous atmospheres.
NOTE 1 In CENELEC member countries, testing requirements of components for explosive atmospheres are
specified in CLC/TS 50703-2.
NOTE 2 Testing of components for an explosive atmosphere (as defined in the IEC 60079-10 series) is not covered
by this document.
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IEC 61462:2023 applies to composite hollow insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube made of resin-impregnated fibres, a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of elastomeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and metal fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube (see Figure D.1 and Figure D.2 for examples). The object of this document is to define the terms used, to specify test methods; and to specify acceptance criteria. This document distinguishes between design tests and type tests because several general characteristics of a specific design and specific combinations of materials do not vary for different insulator types. This new edition cancels and replaces the previous edition published in 2007. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) modifications of terms and definitions;
b) modifications of tests procedures included in IEC TR 62039 and IEC 62217 (Hydrophobicity transfer test; Water diffusion test on the core with housing);
c) modification of Clause 8 (type tests) to reflect common practice and to also consider tapered (conical) insulators;
modification of order of the stages of mechanical sample test (9.4) by setting the tightness test as last stage;
d) harmonization of Table 3 (Tests to be carried out after design changes) with other product standards;
e) addition of a new informative Annex D: Principle sketch of hollow insulators design assembly;
f) addition of a new informative Annex E: Type tests on tapered (conical) insulators.
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This part of IEC 60383 applies to insulators of ceramic material or glass for use on a.c. overhead power lines and overhead traction lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz. It also applies to insulators for use on d.c. overhead electric traction lines. This part applies to string insulator units, rigid overhead line insulators and to insulators of similar design when used in substations. lt does not apply to insulators forming parts of electrical apparatus or to parts used in their construction or to post insulators which are covered by IEC 60168: Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1 000 V. Tests on insulator strings and insulator sets (for example, wet switching impulse voltage) are dealt with in part 2 of IEC 60383. The object of this part is: - to define the terms used - to define insulator characteristics and to prescribe the conditions under which the specified values of these characteristics shall be verified - to prescribe test methods - to prescribe acceptance criteria. This part does not include requirements dealing with the choice of insulators for specific operating conditions. Specific requirements on the use of coatings on ceramic or glass insulators are described in the informative Annex C. NOTE A guide for the choice of insulators under polluted conditions has been published, see IEC 60815-1 and -2. Numerical values for insulator characteristics are specified in IEC 60305, IEC 60433 and IEC 60720.
- Standard66 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-13:2023 defines special performance requirements for hand-held and hand manipulated current clamps and sensors for measurement of leakage currents in electrical distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC taking into account the influence of high external low-frequency magnetic fields and other influencing quantities. See Annex A for examples of measurement applications.
This document does not apply to current clamps or sensors that are used in combination with devices for insulation fault location in accordance with IEC 61557-9, unless it is specified by the manufacturer.
IEC 61557-13:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the term "fixing device" has been removed;
b) the measuring range was changed to a display range, the indication of DC or peak values has been added in 4.1;
c) the frequency for the test of sensitivity for low-frequency magnetic fields has been defined in 4.2;
d) the specified measuring range is now defined as the range of indicated values based on the operating uncertainty in 4.3;
e) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series;
f) the variation E12 (maximum load current), may be specified according to the manufacturer’s specification.
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IEC 61557-7:2019 is available as IEC 61557-7:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 61557-7:2019 specifies the requirements applicable to measuring equipment for testing the phase sequence in three-phase distribution systems. Indication of the phase sequence can be mechanical, visual and/or audible. This document does not apply to additional measurements for other quantities. It does not apply to monitoring relays. IEC 61557-7:2019 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series;
b) updated requirements in 4.3 in accordance with new editions of IEC 61010-1 and IEC 61010-031;
c) the information on markings was extended;
d) the information on the operating instructions was extended;
e) complement to the information on the testing of leads;
f) test leads for insulated conductors were introduced;
g) Annex B was added with information on phase sequence tests and indications.
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IEC 61557-16:2023 specifies the requirements applicable to the performance for test and measurement equipment in order to determine the effectiveness of the protective measures for electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment described in IEC 62353.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2019.
IEC 61557-16:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) splitting of uncertainty requirements for medical and non-medical electrical equipment in 4.2.1;
b) addition of a definition of ranges with defined uncertainty in 4.2.1 to 4.2.7;
c) addition of an optional measuring device (MD) for non-medical devices in 4.2.1;
d) addition of a limitation of the maximum intrinsic uncertainty for medical applications at leakage current in 4.2.1;
e) change of 4.2.3 from test sockets to sockets for service purposes;
f) addition of a warning in the operating instructions;
g) integration of former 6.3 into 6.2;
h) update of Table 1;
i) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
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IEC 61557-14:2023 defines special requirements for test and measurement equipment used to determine the electrical safety of electrical equipment of machinery in accordance with IEC 60204-1.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2019.
IEC 61557-14:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) clarifying the introduction;
b) replaced "dielectric strength" by "voltage test";
c) requirement for maximum output current has been added in 4.2.6.1;
d) tripping time at electrical switching activated by two-hand operation has been added in 4.2.6.1;
e) additional time limiting capability for the protection against electric shock for test persons and bystanders in 4.2.6.2;
f) updated references for safety testing;
g) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
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This part of IEC 60071 constitutes application guidelines and deals with the selection of insulation levels of equipment or installations for three-phase a.c. systems. Its aim is to give guidance for the determination of the rated withstand voltages for ranges I and II of IEC 60071- 1 and to justify the association of these rated values with the standardized highest voltages for equipment.
This association is for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document.
This document covers three-phase a.c. systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV. The values derived or proposed herein are generally applicable only to such systems. However, the concepts presented are also valid for two-phase or single-phase systems.
This document covers phase-to-earth, phase-to-phase and longitudinal insulation.
This document is not intended to deal with routine tests. These are to be specified by the relevant product committees.
The content of this document strictly follows the flow chart of the insulation co-ordination process presented in Figure 1 of IEC 60071-1:2019. Clauses 5 to 8 correspond to the squares in this flow chart and give detailed information on the concepts governing the insulation coordination process which leads to the establishment of the required withstand levels.
This document emphasizes the necessity of considering, at the very beginning, all origins, all classes and all types of voltage stresses in service irrespective of the range of highest voltage for equipment. Only at the end of the process, when the selection of the standard withstand voltages takes place, does the principle of covering a particular service voltage stress by a standard withstand voltage apply. Also, at this final step, this document refers to the correlation made in IEC 60071-1 between the standard insulation levels and the highest voltage for equipment.
The annexes contain examples and detailed information which explain or support the concepts described in the main text, and the basic analytical techniques used.
- Standard187 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60383-1:2023 applies to insulators of ceramic material or glass for use on AC overhead power lines and overhead traction lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz. It also applies to insulators for use on DC overhead electric traction lines. This document applies to string insulator units, rigid overhead line insulators and to insulators of similar design when used in substations. lt does not apply to insulators forming parts of electrical apparatus or to parts used in their construction or to post insulators which are covered by IEC 60168, Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1 000 V.
The object of this document is:
- to define the terms used
- to define insulator characteristics and to prescribe the conditions under which the specified values of these characteristics shall be verified
- to prescribe test methods
- to prescribe acceptance criteria.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 1993. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The layout of the document has been changed in order to increase readability;
b) RIV test has been added (Clause 14);
c) Impulse puncture test in air has been added (15.2);
d) Residual strength test has been added (Clause 21);
e) Zinc sleeve test has been added (Clause 28);
f) Impact test has been added (Clause 30);
g) Annex C, coatings on ceramic and glass insulators has been added;
h) Annex D, impact test has been added.
- Standard125 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This part of IEC 60071 constitutes application guidelines and deals with the selection of insulation levels of equipment or installations for three-phase a.c. systems. Its aim is to give guidance for the determination of the rated withstand voltages for ranges I and II of IEC 60071- 1 and to justify the association of these rated values with the standardized highest voltages for equipment. This association is for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document. This document covers three-phase a.c. systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV. The values derived or proposed herein are generally applicable only to such systems. However, the concepts presented are also valid for two-phase or single-phase systems. This document covers phase-to-earth, phase-to-phase and longitudinal insulation. This document is not intended to deal with routine tests. These are to be specified by the relevant product committees. The content of this document strictly follows the flow chart of the insulation co-ordination process presented in Figure 1 of IEC 60071-1:2019. Clauses 5 to 8 correspond to the squares in this flow chart and give detailed information on the concepts governing the insulation coordination process which leads to the establishment of the required withstand levels. This document emphasizes the necessity of considering, at the very beginning, all origins, all classes and all types of voltage stresses in service irrespective of the range of highest voltage for equipment. Only at the end of the process, when the selection of the standard withstand voltages takes place, does the principle of covering a particular service voltage stress by a standard withstand voltage apply. Also, at this final step, this document refers to the correlation made in IEC 60071-1 between the standard insulation levels and the highest voltage for equipment. The annexes contain examples and detailed information which explain or support the concepts described in the main text, and the basic analytical techniques used.
- Standard187 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60071-2:2023 is available as IEC 60071-2:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60071-2:2023 constitutes application guidelines and deals with the selection of insulation levels of equipment or installations for three-phase AC systems. Its aim is to give guidance for the determination of the rated withstand voltages for ranges I and II of IEC 60071‑1 and to justify the association of these rated values with the standardized highest voltages for equipment. This association is for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document. This document covers three-phase AC systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV, phase-to-earth, phase-to-phase and longitudinal insulation. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Clause 4 Concepts governing the insulation co-ordination has been added.
b) Subclause 5.3 has been revised, and Subclause 5.4 Detailed simulation has been added because it is widely applied in the recent practices of insulation coordination.
c) Special considerations for cable line and GIL/GIB have been added in Clause 9.
d) Annex K (informative) Application of line shunt reactor to limitation of TOV and SFO in high voltage overhead transmission lines has been added.
e) Annex L (informative) Calculation of lightning stroke rate and lightning outage rate has been added.
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- Standard378 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 61936-0:2023 provides principles to ensure the coherence amongst HV publications to be observed necessary for the coordination of the design, selection of equipment, operation, and maintenance activities for erection of electrical HV installations to ensure the safety of such systems.
In the context of this document, "safety" relates to the safety of persons, domestic animals, livestock and property.
This Technical Specification is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards with safety aspects which can be a part of an electrical high voltage installation
- Technical specification29 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 60071-11:2022 applies to high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. It specifies the principles on the procedures for the determination of the specified withstand voltages, creepage distance and air clearances for the equipment and the installations of these systems.
This document gives the insulation co-ordination principles related to line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage sourced converters (VSC) HVDC systems. The main principles of this document also apply to other special converter configurations of LCC, such as the capacitor commutated converter (CCC) as well as the controlled series compensated converter (CSCC), etc.
This document applies to insulation co-ordination of equipment connected between the converter AC bus (including the AC harmonic filters, the converter transformer, the circuit breakers) and the DC line side. The line and cable terminations in so far as they influence the insulation co-ordination of converter station equipment are also covered.
This document applies only for HVDC applications in power systems and not for industrial conversion equipment. Principles and guidance given are for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document.
This international standard replaces, in conjunction with IEC 60071-12, IEC 60071-5 published in 2014.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 60071‑5:2014:
- This standard applies to both LCC and VSC HVDC systems whereas IEC 60071-5 only dealt with LCC HVDC system;
- Annex C (normative) gives the recommended specified withstand voltage (LI and SI);
- Annex C (normative) gives the minimum air clearances;
- Annex E shows the correlation of clauses between this standard and IEC 60071-5:2014.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 60034 deals with the general guidelines for functional evaluation of electrical insulation systems, used or proposed to be used in rotating electrical machines within the scope of IEC 60034-1, in order to qualify them.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60071-11:2022 applies to high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. It specifies the principles on the procedures for the determination of the specified withstand voltages, creepage distance and air clearances for the equipment and the installations of these systems. This document gives the insulation co-ordination principles related to line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage sourced converters (VSC) HVDC systems. The main principles of this document also apply to other special converter configurations of LCC, such as the capacitor commutated converter (CCC) as well as the controlled series compensated converter (CSCC), etc. This document applies to insulation co-ordination of equipment connected between the converter AC bus (including the AC harmonic filters, the converter transformer, the circuit breakers) and the DC line side. The line and cable terminations in so far as they influence the insulation co-ordination of converter station equipment are also covered. This document applies only for HVDC applications in power systems and not for industrial conversion equipment. Principles and guidance given are for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document. This international standard replaces, in conjunction with IEC 60071-12, IEC 60071-5 published in 2014. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 60071‑5:2014:
This standard applies to both LCC and VSC HVDC systems whereas IEC 60071-5 only dealt with LCC HVDC system;
Annex C (normative) gives the recommended specified withstand voltage (LI and SI);
Annex C (normative) gives the minimum air clearances;
Annex E shows the correlation of clauses between this standard and IEC 60071-5:2014.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 60071 applies guidelines on the procedures for insulation co-ordination of line
commutated converter (LCC) stations for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) project, whose aim
is evaluating the overvoltage stresses on the converter station equipment subjected to
combined DC, AC power frequency, harmonic and impulse voltages, and determining the
specified withstand voltages for equipment.
This document deals only with metal-oxide surge arresters, without gaps, which are used in
modern HVDC converter stations. The criteria for determining the protective levels of series
and/or parallel combinations of surge arresters used to ensure optimal protection are also
presented. Typical arrester protection schemes and stresses of arresters are presented.
Annex A contains examples of insulation co-ordination for LCC HVDC converters which support
the concepts described in the main text, and the basic analytical techniques used.
- Standard68 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60071-12:2022 applies guidelines on the procedures for insulation co-ordination of line commutated converter (LCC) stations for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) project, whose aim is evaluating the overvoltage stresses on the converter station equipment subjected to combined DC, AC power frequency, harmonic and impulse voltages, and determining the specified withstand voltages for equipment. This document deals only with metal-oxide surge arresters, without gaps, which are used in modern HVDC converter stations. The criteria for determining the protective levels of series and/or parallel combinations of surge arresters used to ensure optimal protection are also presented. Typical arrester protection schemes and stresses of arresters are presented. Annex A contains examples of insulation co-ordination for LCC HVDC converters which support the concepts described in the main text, and the basic analytical techniques used.
- Standard68 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61857-32:2019 series is focused on applications where other possible factors need to be incorporated to evaluate any influence on the performance of the electrical insulation system (EIS). Multi-factor evaluation is the most complex type of project to design and conduct. Clear guidelines are needed to give the user of this document a uniform approach and a method to analyse the test results. This document is for applications where the stresses are some combination of other factors of influence identified in IEC 60505. The multi-factor stresses are applied during the diagnostic portion of each test cycle. A few examples of other factors of influence or multi-factor stresses are: – high vibration; – submersion in oils, water, or solutions; – voltage higher than the test voltage of the reference EIS; – decreased cold shock temperature.
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IEC Corrected Version
- Corrigendum4 pagesFrench languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC Corrected Version
- Corrigendum4 pagesFrench languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60071-11:2022 applies to high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. It specifies the principles on the procedures for the determination of the specified withstand voltages, creepage distance and air clearances for the equipment and the installations of these systems.
This document gives the insulation co-ordination principles related to line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage sourced converters (VSC) HVDC systems. The main principles of this document also apply to other special converter configurations of LCC, such as the capacitor commutated converter (CCC) as well as the controlled series compensated converter (CSCC), etc.
This document applies to insulation co-ordination of equipment connected between the converter AC bus (including the AC harmonic filters, the converter transformer, the circuit breakers) and the DC line side. The line and cable terminations in so far as they influence the insulation co-ordination of converter station equipment are also covered.
This document applies only for HVDC applications in power systems and not for industrial conversion equipment. Principles and guidance given are for insulation co-ordination purposes only. The requirements for human safety are not covered by this document.
This international standard replaces, in conjunction with IEC 60071-12, IEC 60071-5 published in 2014.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 60071‑5:2014:
This standard applies to both LCC and VSC HVDC systems whereas IEC 60071-5 only dealt with LCC HVDC system;
Annex C (normative) gives the recommended specified withstand voltage (LI and SI);
Annex C (normative) gives the minimum air clearances;
Annex E shows the correlation of clauses between this standard and IEC 60071-5:2014.
The contents of the corrigendum of November 2023 have been included in this copy.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC 60071-12:2022 applies guidelines on the procedures for insulation co-ordination of line commutated converter (LCC) stations for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) project, whose aim is evaluating the overvoltage stresses on the converter station equipment subjected to combined DC, AC power frequency, harmonic and impulse voltages, and determining the specified withstand voltages for equipment.
This document deals only with metal-oxide surge arresters, without gaps, which are used in modern HVDC converter stations. The criteria for determining the protective levels of series and/or parallel combinations of surge arresters used to ensure optimal protection are also presented. Typical arrester protection schemes and stresses of arresters are presented.
Annex A contains examples of insulation co-ordination for LCC HVDC converters which support the concepts described in the main text, and the basic analytical techniques used.
- Standard138 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC Corrected Version
- Corrigendum4 pagesFrench languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day