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49.120 - Cargo equipment

ICS 49.120 Details

Cargo equipment

Frachtausrustung

Matériel de fret

Oprema za tovor

General Information

Parent
49 - AIRCRAFT AND SPACE VEHICLE ENGINEERING

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Standardization Organization
Technical Committee
Directive
Mandate
50
ISO
ISO 32312-11:2024(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment — Specific requirements — Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers

This document specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of container/pallet dollies and loose load trailers when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies. This document applies to container/pallet dollies using ball-mat, inverted cargo castors, or rollers and loose load trailers intended to be used for the transportation of baggage and cargo on airports (examples, see Annex A). This document does not apply to trailers of similar design as used on public roads, e.g., truck type trailers. This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration. Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in EN 1915-4 and EN 1915-3. This document is not applicable to container/pallet dollies and loose load trailers which are manufactured before the date of publication by ISO of this document. NOTE Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses), following the metric measurements, since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system.

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ISO
ISO 21100:2020(Main)
Air cargo unit load devices — Performance requirements and test parameters

This document specifies the minimum requirements for airworthiness approval of air cargo pallets, nets and containers, generally designated as air cargo unit load devices (ULD). This document is intended to provide a uniform technical reference for air cargo unit load devices approval. As a prerequisite, it is presupposed that the applicable general civil aviation requirements and the aircraft manufacturer's approved Weight and Balance Manual are followed. This document defines the minimum performance requirements and test parameters for air cargo unit load devices requiring approval of airworthiness for installation in an approved aircraft cargo compartment and restraint system that complies with the cargo restraint and occupant protection requirements of EASA CS-25 or 14 CFR Part 25, except for the 9,0 g forward ultimate inertia force of § 25.561(b) (3) (ii). This document applies to airworthiness approved air cargo unit load devices intended for carriage on board civil transport category airplanes type certificated under EASA CS-25 or 14 CFR Part 25, or equivalent. This document exclusively applies to unit load devices airworthiness approval and testing parameters. It does not apply to aircraft design or aircraft operating requirements, which are provided by the approved Weight and Balance Manual for each aircraft type. Other aspects that do not directly pertain to air cargo unit load devices airworthiness approval and testing are not covered by this document and are defined in other International Standards (see Bibliography), e.g.: — ULD design specifications, — ULD in service damage limits, — ULD restraint malfunction limitations, — ULD test methods, — ULD load distribution models, — ULD maximum allowable contours, — ULD CG (centre for gravity) location control means, — ULD pressure equalization methods, — ULD utilization guidelines. Air cargo unit load devices qualified prior to publication of this document were approved in accordance with the requirements of ISO 8097:2001. This document is intended as a TSO approval reference for all new models of unit load devices in the sizes and types it covers, in replacement of ISO 8097. For air cargo unit load devices the size or type of which is not covered in this document, see the requirements of ISO 8097:2001, if their size or type is contained therein, or other equivalent criteria, if not. NOTE 1 ISO 8097 is based on USA National Aerospace Standard NAS 3610 revision 10:1990, Specification for Cargo Unit Load Devices. NOTE 2 The requirements for cargo covers are not defined in this document, except insofar as net restraint is incorporated therein.

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ISO
ISO 21785:2020(Main)
Air cargo unit load devices — Load distribution model

This document defines the industry agreed model for load distribution on air cargo unit load devices (ULD) bases to apply the maximum allowable centre of gravity (C.G.) eccentricity. Its purpose is to establish a common reference load distribution algorithm for: a) comparable and repeatable ULD testing methods, or equivalent numeric simulations; b) aircraft structure and cargo systems design assumptions, consistent with existing airframers practices; and c) definition of operators unit load devices utilization rules and cargo build-up training programs. It applies to all types of unit load devices intended for use on board civil transport aircraft and airworthiness approved in accordance with the performance requirements and testing parameters of either ISO 21100 or, as applicable, ISO 8097. It also applies to non-airworthiness approved (non-certified) containers as defined in ISO 4118, the utilisation of which is controlled by the provisions of the aircraft type's Weight and Balance Manual and other airframe manufacturer's documents.

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ISO
ISO 16049-1:2020(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 1: Design criteria and testing methods

This document specifies the design criteria and testing methods adequate to guarantee the ultimate load and operational dependability of cargo restraint strap assemblies with a typical 22 250 N (5 000 lbf) rated ultimate tension load capability, as used by the airline industry. These restraint straps are used in civil transport aircraft during flight for: a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck, main deck or upper deck cargo systems and meeting the requirements of ISO 8097 (NAS 3610) or ISO 21100, or b) non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating") pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft, c) the same restraint strap assemblies can also be used in other applications such as: 1) non-containerized (bulk loaded) baggage and cargo compartments; 2) to ensure cargo restraint inside an airworthiness approved air cargo container. NOTE The ultimate loads allowable on the attachment points available in most aircraft bulk compartments and inside many air cargo containers are significantly lower than 22 250 N (5 000 lbf). This results in the restraint arrangements ultimate load capability being dictated by the weakest element, i.e. the attachment points: typical 22 250 N ultimate load restraint straps will therefore be in excess of the requirements for such applications. Compliance with this document provides one means of cargo restraint straps airworthiness approval by Civil Aviation Authorities under TSO/ETSO-C172a, in addition to the other requirements therein.

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ISO
ISO 16049-2:2020(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 2: Utilization requirements and recommendations and lashing calculations

This document aims at providing general utilization requirements and recommendations and calculation methods adequate to guarantee the effectiveness and ultimate load strength of tie-down/lashing arrangements performed to restrain cargo on board civil transport aircraft during flight: a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck or main deck or upper deck cargo systems meeting the restraint requirements of air cargo pallets approved in accordance with ISO 8097 (NAS3610) or ISO 21100, or b) additional tie-down on aircraft structure when necessitated by pallet maximum gross mass or centre of gravity limits, or c) non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating") pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft, or d) individual pieces of load loaded in non-containerized (bulk loaded) baggage or cargo compartments. This document applies to cargo tie-down/lashing arrangements using exclusively air cargo restraint straps conforming to ISO 16049-1. Its general recommendations may also be used for tie-down arrangements using other means (e.g. steel cables, rope, other types of straps), but under the user's responsibility as to their adequacy and the strength calculations required. NOTE 1 Where tie-down is performed onto aircraft structure as per b) or c) above, additional restrictions can be stated in the aircraft's Authority approved Weight and Balance Manual. NOTE 2 The use of chains, rods, or other rigid devices for tie-down onto civil transport aircraft floor tracks, which can generate excessive stress in the aircraft structure, is not part of the scope of this document. . This document aims at providing industry recognized means of complying with Airworthiness Authorities general requirements applicable to load securing on board civil transport aircraft (see CCAR-25, JAS Part 3, 14 CFR Part 25 and EASA CS-25), and aircraft manufacturers Authority approved Weight and Balance Manuals for each aircraft type as specified therein. It is not the intent of this document to specify when restraint straps should be used, but how they should be used. Meeting the methods requirements of this document is not alone sufficient to ensure flight safety: this document is based on the assumption that cargo tie-down will be designed, performed, and checked prior to aircraft departure in accordance with appropriate operating instructions conforming to the Weight and Balance Manual of the aircraft concerned, by competent, suitably trained, personnel as defined for example in ISO 9001:2015, 6.2.2 (see Clause 8).

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ISO
ISO 9788:2017(Main)
Air cargo — Double stud tie-down fittings — Design and testing requirements

ISO 9788:2017 specifies the geometry, performance and testing requirements for a double stud tie-down fitting assembly, having a load capacity of 22 250 N (5 000 lbf), when installed in rail or track conforming to ISO 7166. Other materials than those specified can alternatively be used, provided the performance and testing requirements of this document are complied with. Double stud tie-down fittings are intended to be used as either: a) loose items to be attached to an air cargo pallet's track or an aircraft's floor rail in order to constitute a tie-down arrangement together with cargo restraint straps meeting the requirements of ISO 16049-1 or cargo restraint slings (steel cables) meeting the requirements of ISO 20291-1, b) or permanently attached tie-down components of pallet nets meeting the requirements of ISO 4115 or ISO 4170. In this case, where deemed appropriate, the stud geometry can alternatively conform to ISO 7166, and the breaking strength requirement can be limited to the value necessary to meet the net's airworthiness approval/certification in accordance with ISO 21100. Single stud tie-down fittings are not covered by this document. They nevertheless can, where deemed appropriate, use the same stud geometry alternatively to the stud configuration specified in applicable ISO 7166.

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ISO
ISO 10254:2016(Main)
Air cargo and ground equipment — Vocabulary

ISO 10254:2016 defines the terms relating to air cargo and aircraft ground equipment, as used in the other International Standards in these areas. NOTE The term "weight" is used throughout ISO 10254:2016 instead of the correct technical term "mass", in order to conform to current commercial usage. The terms and abridged definitions of ISO 10254:2016 are primarily intended to provide uniform understanding of the International Standards prepared by TC20/SC9. However, it is intended that they be used in any other documents, manuals and standards in the areas of air cargo and airport ground equipment. More detailed definitions are provided when needed in the "Terms and definitions" clause of the specific International Standards prepared by TC20/SC9. The terms are listed in alphabetic sequence in the English language version. An index allows the identification of terms from their French or German expressions.

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ISO
ISO 6966-2:2014(Main)
Aircraft ground equipment — Basic requirements — Part 2: Safety requirements

ISO 6966-2:2014 specifies the minimum design requirements applicable to all aircraft ground support equipment (GSE) in order to ensure safety of staff operating or maintaining the equipment or in its vicinity, and protection of aircraft against interference or damage. ISO 6966-2:2014 does not apply to automotive vehicles or parts thereof approved for public vehicles, when used on aircraft ground support equipment for the purpose for which they are designed.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-9:2014(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders
EN 12312-9:2013

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of container/pallet loaders when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies. This document applies to: a) Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) single platform; b) Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) two or more platforms; c) Container/Pallet loader/transporter (self-propelled); d) Container/Pallet loader/transfer platform (towed). This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration. This standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron. This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to container/pallet loaders which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN. This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 provides the requirements for container/pallet loaders.

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ISO
ISO 14186:2013(Main)
Air cargo — Fire containment covers — Design, performance and testing requirements

ISO 14186:2013 specifies the minimum design and performance criteria and testing methods of fire containment covers (FCCs) used: either in those cargo compartments of civil transport aircraft where they constitute one means of complying with applicable airworthiness regulations, or on a voluntary basis, when deemed appropriate by operators to improve fire protection in aircraft cargo compartments where airworthiness regulations do not mandate their use.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-10:2005+A1:2009(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters
EN 12312-10:2005+A1:2009

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of container/pallet transfer transporters when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This European Standard applies to self-propelled container/pallet transfer transporters, with a seated driver.
Examples of typical transfer transporters are shown in Annex A.
This European Standard does not apply to:
-   loading equipment with a height adjustment capability in excess of 150 mm;
-   transporter-loaders (single platform loader with transporter capability, see EN 12312 9);
-   roller-bed transport platforms mounted on unmodified commercial road chassis.
This European Standard does not establish requirements for noise and vibration.
Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in EN 1915 4 and EN 1915 3.
This European Standard is not dealing with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and the traffic on the apron.
This Part of EN 12312 is not applicable to GSE which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this European Standard.
NOTE   Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses) following the metric measurements since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system.
This part of EN 12312 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 (for vehicles) and EN 1915-4.

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ISO
ISO 6967:2006(Main)
Aircraft ground equipment — Main deck loader — Functional requirements

ISO 6967:2006 specifies the functional requirements for a self-propelled loader capable of raising air cargo unit load devices (ULDs) with base dimensions and maximum mass as specified. The requirements of ISO 6967:2006 were determined based on generally recognized assumptions with regard to the normally intended use of aircraft ground equipment, when used on the ramp of international civil airports in order to handle, service or maintain civil transport aircraft; and with regard to the environmental (surface, slope, weather, lighting, operating rules, staff qualification, etc.) conditions prevailing on the ramp area of the majority of international civil airports.

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ISO
ISO 6968:2005(Main)
Aircraft ground equipment — Lower deck loader — Functional requirements

ISO 6968:2005 specifies the functional requirements for a self-propelled loader capable of raising air cargo unit load devices (ULDs) with base dimensions and maximum mass as specified. The requirements of ISO 6968:2005 were determined based on generally recognized assumptions with regard to the normally intended use of aircraft ground support equipment, when used on the ramp of international civil airports in order to handle, service or maintain civil transport aircraft; and with regard to the environmental (surface, slope, weather, lighting, operating rules, staff qualification, etc.) conditions prevailing on the ramp area of the majority of international civil airports.

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ISO
ISO 6966-1:2005(Main)
Aircraft ground equipment — Basic requirements — Part 1: General design requirements

ISO 6966-1:2005 specifies the minimum general design requirements applicable to aircraft ground support equipment in order to ensure definition of aircraft ground support equipment general requirements for designers; effective operation of aircraft ground support equipment. The requirements of ISO 6966-1:2005 apply to any piece of aircraft ground support equipment used on airports. ISO 6966-1:2005 does not intend to provide all the design requirements applicable for aircraft ground support equipment. Other requirements apply, and can be found in separate standards: ISO 6966-2 specifies the safety-related requirements applicable to all aircraft ground support equipment; ISO 4116 specifies the additional requirements applicable for conveying surfaces of those pieces of aircraft ground support equipment intended for handling and loading of baggage and cargo unit load devices (ULDs); specific standards, listed in the Bibliography, define the functional and performance requirements for certain types of aircraft ground support equipment. ISO 6966-1:2005 does not apply to unmodified general-use transportation vehicles such as automobiles, vans, buses and flat-bed trucks when used on airports.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-11:2005(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers
EN 12312-11:2005

This European Standard specifies safety requirements for all types of dollies and loose load trailers intended to be used for transportation of baggage and cargo on airports. (Examples see Annex A). This European Standard does not apply to: - trailers of similar design as for use on public roads, e.g. truck type trailers; - unmodified automotive parts when used on container/pallet dollies or loose load trailers for the purpose for which they are designed.

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ISO
ISO 11995:1996(Main)
Aircraft — Stability requirements for loading and servicing equipment

Specifies the criteria to be used to determine stability of aircraft loading and servicing equipment, including wind loads. Is intended to define uniform criteria, calculation and testing methods in order to provide a safe work environment under all predictable circumstances.

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ISO
ISO 6702-2:1991(Main)
Aircraft — Requirements for on-board weight and balance systems — Part 2: Design, performance and interface characteristics

Requirements are specified in ARINC 737:1985 together with its Supplement 1 (1988), which are adopted as a de facto ISO International Standard.

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ISO
ISO 6702-1:1991(Main)
Aircraft — Requirements for on-board weight and balance systems — Part 1: General

Specifies requirements for the function, characteristics, and installation of an on-board weight and balance system for use on civil transport aircraft. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition ISO 6702:1984.

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ISO
ISO/TR 8647:1990(Main)
Environmental degradation of textiles used in air cargo restraint equipment
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    17 pages
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ISO
ISO 9031:1987(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Handling systems for unit load devices (ULDs) — Symbols for pictorial representation

The symbols given herein are applicable to all aircraft cargo-handling systems for underfloor as well as for main-deck systems. The conveyance, guidance, restraint, power drive unit and the degree of automation for the total cargo-handling system can be depicted using the symbols. Each cargo symbol consists of a basic symbol, which represents basic functions. It characterizes a component function, but not the detail design and manufacturing method.

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ISO
ISO 8268:1987(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Automobile transport devices — Basic requirements

Provides functional, dimensional, structural and environmental requirements for devices used to transport automobiles in wide-body aircraft. These devices are intended to be used in conjunction with pallets compatible with existing aircraft restraint systems or with pallets matching the width of automobiles to ensure maximum use of aircraft volume. The devices shall be easily convertible so that they can carry general cargo on return haul flights.

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ISO
ISO 4116:1986(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Ground equipment requirements for compatibility with aircraft unit load devices

Specifies requirements for those portions of ground and terminal handling equipment that will have a direct bearing on the life of the device for the purpose of preventing on due wear on the device. Covers requirements for conveyor systems, guides, stops and restraint hardware that are used on trucks, transporters, dollies, storage provisions, pallet build-up hoists, or other device-handling equipment. The devices can be containers, galley modules and pallets for aircraft galley and cargo systems.

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ISO
ISO 7716:1985(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Unit load devices transport vehicle (UTV) — Functional requirements

Specifies minimum requirements for type 3, class A, air cargo unit load device chassis in accordance with the terminology defined in ISO 7715. Outlines the requirements for a transport vehicle, capable of carrying unit load devices over airport and public roads and transferring them to/from rollerized handling equipment.

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ISO
ISO 7715:1985(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Ground handling and transport systems for unit load devices — Minimum requirements

Includes minimum performance and compatibility requirements for these systems for air cargo unit load devices, used to service civil wide body freight aircraft. Is applicable to equipment, designed to deal with main deck unitized cargo in the form of intermodal containers and other compatible unitized load devices.

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ISO
ISO 7166:1985(Main)
Aircraft — Rail and stud configuration for passenger equipment and cargo restraint

Specifies the geometry and the partial dimensions of these parts used for securing passenger equipment and for cargo restraint, necessary to ensure interchangeability of these items. Individual strength requirements will determine the complete rail shape, such as incorporating the standard section integrally into an I-beam extrusion. The overall shape of the studs above the top of the rail will depend upon the application.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-10:2005/kprA1:2008(Amendment)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters
EN 12312-10:2005/prA1
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SIST
SIST EN 12312-9:2005/kprA1:2008(Amendment)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders
EN 12312-9:2005/prA1
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ISO
ISO 21100:2014(Main)
Air cargo unit load devices — Performance requirements and test parameters

The purpose ISO 21100:2014 is to establish the minimum requirements for airworthiness approval of air cargo pallets, nets and containers, generally designated as air cargo unit load devices. ISO 21100:2014 defines the minimum performance requirements and test parameters for air cargo unit load devices requiring approval of airworthiness for installation in an approved aircraft cargo compartment and restraint system that complies with the cargo restraint and occupant protection requirements of EASA CS-25 or 14 CFR Part 25, except for the 9,0 g forward ultimate inertia force. ISO 21100:2014 applies to airworthiness approved air cargo unit load devices intended for carriage on board civil transport category airplanes type certificated under EASA CS-25 or 14 CFR Part 25. ISO 21100:2014 exclusively applies to unit load devices airworthiness approval and testing parameters. It does not apply to either aircraft design or aircraft operating requirements, which are provided by the approved Weight and Balance Manual for each aircraft type.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders
EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009

This document specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of container/pallet loaders when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This document applies to:
-   Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) single platform;
-   Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) two platforms;
-   Container/Pallet loader/transporter (self-propelled);
-   Container/Pallet loader/transfer platform (towed).
Examples of some of the different types of loaders are shown in Annex B.
This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration.
Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in prEN 1915-4 and prEN 1915-3.
This standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron.
This Part of EN 12312 is not applicable to container/pallet loaders which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
NOTE   Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses) following the metric measurements since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system.
This part of EN 12312 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 (for vehicles) and EN 1915-4.

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ISO
ISO 16049-2:2013(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 2: Utilization guidelines and lashing calculations

ISO 16049-2:2013 provides general utilization guidelines and calculation methods adequate to guarantee the effectiveness and ultimate load strength of tie-down/lashing arrangements performed to restrain cargo on board civil transport aircraft during flight: a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck or main deck or upper deck cargo systems meeting the restraint requirements of air cargo pallets approved in accordance with ISO 8097, (NAS3610) or ISO/PAS 21100, or b) additional tie-down on aircraft structure when necessitated by pallet maximum gross mass or centre of gravity limits, or c) non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating") pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft, or d) individual pieces of load loaded in non-containerized (bulk loaded) baggage or cargo compartments. ISO 16049-2:2013 applies to cargo tie-down/lashing arrangements using exclusively air cargo restraint straps conforming to ISO 16049-1. Its general recommendations may also be used for tie-down arrangements using other means (e.g. steel cables, rope, other types of straps), but under the user's responsibility as to their adequacy and the strength. ISO 16049-2:2013 provides industry recognized means of complying with Airworthiness Authorities general regulations applicable to load securing on board civil transport aircraft (see 14 CFR Part 25 and EASA CS-25), and aircraft manufacturers Authority approved Weight and Balance Manuals for each aircraft type as specified therein. It is not the intent of this part of ISO 16049 to specify when restraint straps should be used, but how they should be used. It does not, under any circumstance, supersede the requirements of any of the above documents that take precedence at all times.

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ISO
ISO 16049-1:2013(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 1: Design criteria and testing methods

ISO 16049-1:2013 specifies the design criteria and testing methods adequate to guarantee the ultimate load and operational dependability of cargo restraint strap assemblies with a typical rated ultimate tension load capability of 22 250 N (5 000 lbf), as used by the airline industry in order to restrain on board civil transport aircraft during flight: a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck, main deck or upper deck cargo systems and meeting the requirements of ISO 8097 (NAS 3610) or ISO 21100, or b) non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating") pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft. The same restraint strap assemblies can also be used in other applications such as: c) non-containerized (bulk loaded) baggage and cargo compartments, d) to ensure cargo restraint inside an airworthiness approved air cargo container. Compliance with ISO 16049-1:2013 provides one means of cargo restraint straps airworthiness approval by Civil Aviation Authorities under TSO/ETSO C-172, in addition to the other requirements therein.

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ISO
ISO/PAS 21100:2011(Main)
Air cargo unit load devices — Performance requirements and test parameters

ISO/PAS 21100:2011 defines the minimum performance requirements and test parameters for air cargo unit load devices requiring approval of airworthiness for installation in an approved aircraft cargo compartment and restraint system that complies with the cargo restraint and occupant protection requirements of EASA CS-25 or of FAR Part 25, except for the 9,0g forward ultimate inertia force of § 25.561 (b) (3) (ii). ISO/PAS 21100:2011 applies to airworthiness approved air cargo unit load devices intended for carriage on board civil transport category airplanes of the type certificated under EASA CS-25 or FAR Part 25, or equivalent regulations. ISO/PAS 21100:2011 applies exclusively to unit load device airworthiness approval and testing parameters. It does not apply to either aircraft design or aircraft operating requirements, which are provided by the approved Weight and Balance Manual for each aircraft type.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-10:2005(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters
EN 12312-10:2005

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of container/pallet transfer transporters when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or the manufacturer authorised representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This European Standard applies to self-propelled container/pallet transfer transporters, with a seated driver.
Examples of typical transfer transporters are shown in Annex A.
This European Standard does not apply to:
   loading equipment with a height adjustment capability in excess of 150 mm;
   transporter-loaders (single platform loader with transporter capability, see EN 12312 9);
   roller-bed transport platforms mounted on unmodified commercial road chassis.
This European Standard does not establish requirements for noise and vibration.
Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4.
This European Standard is not dealing with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and the traffic on the apron.
This Part of EN 12312 is not applicable to GSE which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this European Standard.
NOTE   Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses) following the metric measurements since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system.

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SIST
SIST EN 12312-9:2005(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders
EN 12312-9:2005

This document specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of container/pallet loaders when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This document applies to:
-   Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) single platform;
-   Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) two platforms;
-   Container/Pallet loader/transporter (self-propelled);
-   Container/Pallet loader/transfer platform (towed).
Examples of some of the different types of loaders are shown in Annex B.
This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration.
Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in prEN 1915-4 and prEN 1915-3.
This standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron.
This Part of EN 12312 is not applicable to container/pallet loaders which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
NOTE   Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses) following the metric measurements since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system.

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ISO
ISO 6966-2:2005(Main)
Aircraft ground equipment — Basic requirements — Part 2: Safety requirements

ISO 6966-2:2005 specifies the minimum design requirements applicable to all aircraft ground support equipment in order to ensure safety of staff operating or maintaining the equipment or in its vicinity; protection of aircraft against interference or damage. The requirements of ISO 6966-2:2005 apply to any piece of aircraft ground support equipment used on airports. ISO 6966-2:2005 does not provide all the design requirements applicable for aircraft ground support equipment. Other requirements apply, and can be found in separate standards: ISO 6966-1 specifies the general, other than safety related, design requirements applicable to all aircraft ground support equipment; ISO 4116 specifies the additional requirements applicable for conveying surfaces of those pieces of aircraft ground support equipment intended for handling and loading of baggage and cargo unit load devices; specific standards, listed in the Bibliography, define the functional and performance requirements for certain types of aircraft ground support equipment.

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ISO
ISO 16049-2:2005(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 2: Utilization guidelines and lashing calculations

ISO 16049-2:2005 specifies utilization guidelines and principles to be used in strength calculation methods adequate to guarantee the effectiveness and ultimate load strength of tie-down/lashing arrangements used to restrain cargo on board civil transport aircraft during flight for either cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness certified air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck or main deck cargo systems meeting the requirements of ISO 8097; additional tie-down on aircraft structure when necessitated by pallet maximum gross mass or centre of gravity limits; non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating") pallet into either lower deck or main deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft; or individual pieces of load loaded in non containerized (bulk loaded) baggage or cargo compartments. ISO 16049-2:2005 is applicable to cargo tie-down/lashing arrangements using exclusively air cargo restraint straps conforming to ISO 16049-1. Its general recommendations may be used for tie-down arrangements using other means (e.g. steel cables, rope, chains, other types of straps), but under the user's responsibility as to their adequacy and the strength calculations required. ISO 16049-2:2005 is not applicable to the use of chains or other rigid devices for tie-down onto civil transport aircraft floor tracks. These devices are generally not recommended for use due to the possibility of generating excessive stresses in the aircraft structure, except where explicitly approved in the manufacturer's Authority approved Weight and Balance Manual. ISO 16049-2:2005 is intended to provide industry recognized means of complying with Airworthiness Authorities general regulations applicable to load-securing on board civil transport aircraft (see FAR/JAR Parts 25), and aircraft manufacturers Authority approved Weight and Balance Manuals for each aircraft type as specified therein. It is not the intent of ISO 16049-2:2005 to specify when restraint straps should be used, but how they should be used. It does not, under any circumstance, supersede the requirements of any of the above documents that take precedence at all times.

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ISO
ISO 16049-1:2001(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 1: Design criteria and testing methods
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ISO
ISO 12118:1995(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Identification of double-stud tie-down fittings having an omnidirectional rated load capacity of 22 250 N (5 000 lbf) or above

Specifies an identification scheme for double-stud tie-down fittings having an omnidirectional rated load capacity of 22 250 N (5 000 lbf) or above in a rail conforming to ISO 7166. Applicable to all cargo tie-down fittings equipped with a movable plunger, regardless of material or method of fabrication.

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ISO
ISO 10254:1995(Main)
Air cargo and ground equipment — Vocabulary

Defines 117 terms in English and French in the alphabetic order of the English versions. Alphabetic indexes in English and French are given the English index including all entries resulting from repositioning of the words in a term.

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    12 pages
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ISO
ISO 6967:1994(Main)
Aircraft — Wide body aircraft main deck container/pallet loader — Functional requirements

Specifies the requirements for a self-propelled loader capable of raising pallets and containers with base dimensions and maximum weights according to the table. Gives information on structure and overall dimensions, platform design, guide rails and stops, platform operation and loading, mobility and stability and controls.

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ISO
ISO 6968:1994(Main)
Aircraft — Wide body aircraft lower deck container/pallet loader — Functional requirements

Specifies the requirements for a self-propelled loader capable of raising pallets and containers with base dimensions and maximum weights according to the table. Gives information on structure and overall dimensions, platform design, guide rails and stops, platform operation and loading, mobility and stability and controls.

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ISO
ISO 6966:1993(Main)
Aircraft — Basic requirements for aircraft loading equipment

Specifies the basic mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic requirements as well as requirements for materials, workmanship, national codes of practice, safety, environment, mobility, transport, maintenance, manuals and optional features.

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ISO
ISO 9788:1990(Main)
Air cargo equipment — Cast components of double stud fitting assembly with a load capacity of 22 250 N (5 000 lbf), for aircraft cargo restraint

Deals with the geometry and requirements for assemblies, when installed in rail conforming to ISO 7166. Other materials than those specified in 4.2 may alternatively be used, provided the performance and testing requirements of this standard are complied with. Includes definitions, certification and testing, designation and identification.

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ISO
ISO 6702:1984(Main)
Aircraft — Requirements for on board weight and balance control systems
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ISO
ISO 6967:1983(Main)
Aircraft — Wide body aircraft main deck container/pallet loader — Functional requirements
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ISO
ISO 6968:1983(Main)
Aircraft — Wide body aircraft lower deck container/pallet loader — Functional requirements
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ISO
ISO 6833:1983(Main)
Air cargo — Minimum requirements for future wide-body aircraft cargo systems and compartments (intermodal)
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    13 pages
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ISO
ISO 6965:1982(Main)
Aircraft — Self-propelled gantry for lifting air cargo containers and outsize cargoes — Functional requirements

Gives the requirements for a gantry capable of raising from the ground, transporting and stacking two high: corner fitting equipped air/surface intermodal containers per ISO 1496/7, surface container, equipped with 8 corner fittings per ISO 1161 and various pieces of outsize cargo. The methods and devices used to lift corner fitting containers with the unit shall comply with ISO 3874.

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ISO
ISO 6966:1982(Main)
Aircraft — Basic requirements for aircraft loading equipment
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ISO
ISO 4116:1980(Main)
Ground equipment requirements for compatibility with aircraft unit load devices
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    4 pages
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