91.080.13 - Steel structures
ICS 91.080.13 Details
Steel structures
Structures en acier
Jeklene konstrukcije
General Information
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1.1 Scope of EN 1993 1 1
(1) EN 1993 1 1 gives basic design rules for steel structures.
(2) It also gives supplementary provisions for the structural design of steel buildings. These supplementary provisions are indicated by the letter "B" after the paragraph number, thus ( )B.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to EN 1993 1 1.
(2) EN 1993 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), the parts of EN 1992 to EN 1999 where steel structures or steel components are referred to within those documents, EN 1090 2, EN 1090 4 and ENs, EADs and ETAs for construction products relevant to steel structures.
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(1) This document provides an alternative method for the stability verification of steel members under compression axial force and bending moment, with reference to EN 1993 1 1.
NOTE For the applicability of this document, see Clause 4.
(2) The method given in this document applies to uniform steel members with double symmetric cross-section under axial compression force and bi-axial bending.
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1.1 Scope of FprEN 1993 1 1
(1) FprEN 1993 1 1 gives basic design rules for steel structures.
(2) It also gives supplementary provisions for the structural design of steel buildings. These supplementary provisions are indicated by the letter "B" after the paragraph number, thus ( )B.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to FprEN 1993 1 1.
(2) EN 1993 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), the parts of EN 1992 to EN 1999 where steel structures or steel components are referred to within those documents, EN 1090 2, EN 1090 4 and ENs, EADs and ETAs for construction products relevant to steel structures.
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- Draft118 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
(1) This document provides an alternative method for the stability verification of steel members under compression axial force and bending moment, with reference to EN 1993 1 1.
NOTE For the applicability of this document, see Clause 4.
(2) The method given in this document applies to uniform steel members with double symmetric cross-section under axial compression force and bi-axial bending.
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EN 1993-1-5 gives design requirements of stiffened and unstiffened plates which are subject to inplane forces. Effects due to shear lag, in-plane load introduction and plate buckling for I-section girders and box girders are covered. Also covered are plated structural components subject to in-plane loads as in tanks and silos. The effects of out-of-plane loading are outside the scope of this document.
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This document specifies requirements and provides recommendations applicable to the following types
of fixed steel offshore structures for the petroleum and natural gas industries:
— caissons, free-standing and braced;
— jackets;
— monotowers;
— towers.
In addition, it is applicable to compliant bottom founded structures, steel gravity structures, jack-ups,
other bottom founded structures and other structures related to offshore structures (such as underwater
oil storage tanks, bridges and connecting structures).
This document contains requirements for planning and engineering of the design, fabrication,
transportation and installation of new structures as well as, if relevant, their future removal.
NOTE 1 Specific requirements for the design of fixed steel offshore structures in arctic environments are presented
in ISO 19906.
NOTE 2 Requirements for topsides structures are presented in ISO 19901-3; for marine operations in,
ISO 19901-6; for structural integrity management, in ISO 19901-9 and for the site-specific assessment of jack-ups,
in ISO 19905-1.
- Standard585 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a fire test method and an assessment procedure for determining the contribution of fire protection systems to the fire resistance performance of circular and rectangular steel bars used as tension members.
This document applies to fire protection materials that have already been tested and assessed in accordance with EN 13381 4 or EN 13381 8.
For other section shapes such as angles, channels and flats, reference can be made to EN 13381 4 and EN 13381 8. This document does not include steel or any other cold formed bar used as reinforcement in concrete construction.
For other solid bar geometries such as oval or triangular cross section, these are subject to a separate test package in accordance with the principles of Clause 5 of this document.
Fire protection performance is determined by testing of unloaded tension members, although additional loaded test evidence can be required for certain product types subject to certain conditions specified in the document.
The method is applicable to all fire protection systems used for the protection of solid bar up to a maximum diameter of 130 mm and includes sprayed fire protection, reactive coatings, cladding protection systems and multi-layer or composite fire protection materials. In the case of rectangular bar, the maximum side length is limited to 130 mm with a maximum aspect ratio of 2:1 against the shorter side length. For dimensions greater than 130 mm it is appropriate to use rectangular or circular hollow sections tested and assessed in accordance with EN 13381 4 and EN 13381 8 provided they have been tested
The method is applicable to all fire protection systems used for the protection of solid bar up to a maximum diameter of 130 mm and includes sprayed fire protection, reactive coatings, cladding protection systems and multi-layer or composite fire protection materials. In the case of rectangular bar, the maximum side length should be limited to 130mm with a maximum aspect ratio of 2:1 against the shorter side length. For dimensions greater than 130mm it is appropriate to use rectangular or circular hollow sections tested and assessed in accordance with EN 13381 4 and EN 13381 8 provided they have been tested in the same orientation.
The evaluation is designed to cover a range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection material, a range of steel bar dimensions, a range of specified temperatures and a range of valid fire protection periods.
The test method is applicable to fire protection systems which are intimately in contact with the bar, or which include an airspace between the bar and the protection system as given in EN 13381-4.
This standard also provides the assessment procedure, which prescribes the analysis of the test data and gives guidance on the procedures to undertake interpolation.
This Standard caters for testing in both vertical and horizontal orientations. Results from horizontally orientated bar may be applied to any orientation, whilst results from vertically orientated bar should only be used for horizontal bars when the data has been corrected in accordance with Annex C.
This standard gives the fire test procedures, carried out to provide data on the thermal characteristics of the fire protection system, when exposed to the standard temperature/time curve specified in Clause 5.1.1 of EN 1363 1.
The assessment procedure is used to establish:
a) on the basis of data derived from testing steel bar, any practical constraints on the use of the fire protection system under fire test conditions (the physical performance);
b) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing steel bar the thermal properties of the fire protection system (the thermal performance).
The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined together with application of the results to different steel types and sizes over the range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection system tested.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidelines and recommendations for the general principles of design appropriate to articles to be hot dip galvanized after fabrication (e.g. in accordance with ISO 1461) for the corrosion protection of, for example, articles that have been manufactured in accordance with EN 1090-2.
This document does not apply to hot dip galvanized coatings applied to continuous wire or sheet (e.g. to EN 10346).
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This European Standard specifies a fire test method and an assessment procedure for determining the contribution of fire protection systems to the fire resistance performance of circular and rectangular steel bars used as tension members.
This Standard applies to fire protection materials that have already been tested and assessed in accordance with EN 13381 4 or EN 13381-8 unless all the testing is carried out in accordance with Annex B using a minimum length of 2 000 mm. If testing to EN 13381 4 or EN 13381-8 has not been carried out then loaded testing shall be carried out in accordance with Annex B.
For other section shapes such as angles, channels and flats, reference should be made to EN 13381 4 and EN 13381 8. This standard does not include steel or any other cold formed bar used as reinforcement in concrete construction.
For other solid bar geometries such as oval or triangular cross section, these should be subject to a separate test package in accordance with the principles of Clause 5 of this Standard.
Fire protection performance is determined by testing of unloaded tension members, although additional loaded test evidence may be required for certain product types subject to certain conditions specified in the Standard.
The method is applicable to all fire protection systems used for the protection of solid bar up to a maximum diameter of 130 mm and includes sprayed fire protection, reactive coatings, cladding protection systems and multi-layer or composite fire protection materials. In the case of rectangular bar, the maximum side length should be limited to 130mm with a maximum aspect ratio of 2:1 against the shorter side length. For dimensions greater than 130mm it is appropriate to use rectangular or circular hollow sections tested and assessed in accordance with EN 13381 4 and EN 13381 8 provided they have been tested in the same orientation.
The evaluation is designed to cover a range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection material, a range of steel bar dimensions, a range of specified temperatures and a range of valid fire protection periods.
The test method is applicable to fire protection systems which are intimately in contact with the bar, or which include an airspace between the bar and the protection system as given in EN 13381-4.
This standard also provides the assessment procedure, which prescribes the analysis of the test data and gives guidance on the procedures to undertake interpolation.
This Standard caters for testing in both vertical and horizontal orientations. Results from horizontally orientated bar may be applied to any orientation, whilst results from vertically orientated bar should only be used for horizontal bars when the data has been corrected in accordance with Annex C.
This standard gives the fire test procedures, carried out to provide data on the thermal characteristics of the fire protection system, when exposed to the standard temperature/time curve specified in Clause 5.1.1 of EN 1363 1.
The assessment procedure is used to establish:
a) on the basis of data derived from testing steel bar, any practical constraints on the use of the fire protection system under fire test conditions (the physical performance);
b) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing steel bar the thermal properties of the fire protection system (the thermal performance).
The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined together with application of the results to different steel types and sizes over the range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection system tested.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidelines and recommendations for the general principles ofdesign appropriate to articles to be hot dip galvanized after fabrication (e.g.in accordance with ISO 1461) for the corrosion protection of, for example,articles that have been manufactured in accordance with EN 1090-2. This documentdoes not apply to hot dip galvanized coatings applied to continuous wire orsheet (e.g. to EN 10346).
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
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This document describes the types of paint and paint system commonly used for corrosion protection of steel structures. It also gives guidelines for the selection of paint systems available for different environments (see ISO 12944-2) except for corrosivity category CX and category Im4 as defined in ISO 12944-2 and different surface preparation grades (see ISO 12944-4), and the durability grade to be expected (see ISO 12944-1).
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EN 1993-1-5 gives design requirements of stiffened and unstiffened plates which are subject to inplane forces. Effects due to shear lag, in-plane load introduction and plate buckling for I-section girders and box girders are covered. Also covered are plated structural components subject to in-plane loads as in tanks and silos. The effects of out-of-plane loading are outside the scope of this document.
- Amendment4 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
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This European Standard specifies requirements for the execution, i.e. the manufacture and the installation, of cold-formed structural steel members and sheeting and cold-formed structures for roof, ceiling, floor, wall and cladding applications.
This European Standard applies to structures designed according to the EN 1993 series.
This European Standard applies to structural members and sheeting to be designed according to EN 1993 1 3.
This European Standard may be used for structures designed according to other design rules provided that conditions for execution comply with them and any necessary additional requirements are specified.
This European Standard also specifies requirements for the execution i.e. the manufacture and the installation of structures made from cold formed profiled sheeting for roof, ceiling, floor and wall applications under predominately static loading or seismic loading conditions and their documentation.
This European Standard covers sheeting of structural classes I and II according to EN 1993 1 3 used in structures.
This European Standard covers structural members of all structural classes according to EN 1993 1 3.
Structural sheeting are understood here to be:
- profiled sheet, such as trapezoidal, sinusoidal or liner trays (Figure 1), or
Structural members are understood here to be:
- members (linear profiled cross sections) that are produced by cold forming (Figure 2).
This European Standard also covers:
- not welded built-up sections (Figure 2b and 2c);
- cold-formed hollow sections including the welding of the longitudinal seam, not covered by EN 10219 1;
- perforated, punctured and micro profiled sheeting and members;
NOTE 1 Welded built-up sections, are not covered, the execution provisions are given in EN 1090–2.
This European Standard also covers spacer constructions between the outer and inner or upper and lower skins for roofs, walls and ceilings made from cold-formed profiled sheeting and the connections and attachments of the afore mentioned elements as long as all are involved in load transfer.
This European Standard covers steel profiled sheeting for composite floors, e.g. during installation and in stage of pouring concrete.
Composite structural members where the interaction between dissimilar materials are an integral part of the structural behaviour such as sandwich panels and composite floors are not covered by this standard.
This European Standard does not cover the necessary analyses and detailing and execution rules for thermal insulation, moisture protection, noise control and fire protection.
This European Standard does not cover regulations of roof cladding and wall cladding, produced by traditional plumber methods or tinsmith methods.
Annex B of this standard concerns provisions which are not yet included in EN 1993 1 3. The guidelines in this annex may be wholly or partially superseded by future guidelines added to EN 1993.
This European Standard does not cover detailed requirements for water tightness or air permeability resistance and thermal aspects of sheeting.
NOTE 2 The structures covered in this standard can be for example
- single- or multi-skin roofs, whereby the load-bearing structure (lower skin) or the actual roof covering (upper skin) or both consist of cold-formed structural members and sheeting;
- single- or multi-skin walls whereby the load-bearing structure (inner skin), the actual cladding (outer skin) or both consist of cold-formed structural members and sheeting, or
- trusses from cold formed members.
NOTE 3 Structures can consist of an assembly of structural members and sheeting made of steel according to EN 1090–4 and of aluminium according to EN 1090-5.
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This European Standard specifies requirements for execution of structural steelwork as structures or as manufactured components, produced from:
- hot rolled, structural steel products up to and including grade S700;
- cold formed components and sheeting up to and including grade S700 (unless coming within the scope of prEN 1090-4);
- hot finished or cold formed austenitic, austenitic-ferritic and ferritic stainless steel products;
- hot finished or cold formed structural hollow sections, including standard range and custom-made rolled products and hollow sections manufactured by welding.
For components produced from cold formed components, and cold formed structural hollow sections that are within the scope of prEN 1090-4, the requirements of prEN 1090-4 take precedence over corresponding requirements in this European Standard.
This European Standard can also be used for structural steel grades up to and including S960, provided that conditions for execution are verified against reliability criteria and any necessary additional requirements are specified.
This European Standard specifies requirements, which are mostly independent of the type and shape of the steel structure (e.g. buildings, bridges, plated or latticed components) including structures subjected to fatigue or seismic actions. Certain requirements are differentiated in terms of execution classes.
This European Standard applies to structures designed according to the relevant part of the EN 1993 series. Sheet piling, displacement piles and micropiles designed to EN 1993-5 are intended to be executed in accordance with respectively EN 12063, EN 12699 and EN 14199. This European Standard only applies to the execution of waling, bracing, and connections.
This European Standard applies to steel components in composite steel and concrete structures designed according to the relevant part of the EN 1994 series.
This European Standard can be used for structures designed according to other design rules provided that conditions for execution comply with them and any necessary additional requirements are specified.
This European Standard includes the requirements for the welding of reinforcing steels to structural steels. This European Standard does not include requirements for the use of reinforcing steels for reinforced concrete applications.
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This European Standard specifies requirements for execution of structural steelwork as structures or as manufactured components, produced from hot rolled, structural steel products up to and including grade S690; cold formed components and sheeting up to and including grades S700; hot finished and cold formed austenitic, austenitic-ferritic and ferritic stainless steel products; hot finished and cold formed structural hollow sections, including standard range and custom-made rolled products and hollow sections manufactured by welding.
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This Standard defines the requirements for the manufacture of thingauge cold-formed steel elements, the execution of structures made from such elements (e.g. roofs, coverings, walls, floors, ceilings and purlins) under predominantly static loading conditions and corresponding requirements to documentation. It does cover products of construction class I and II according to EN 1993-1-3 used in structures
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ISO 12944-9:2018 specifies the performance requirements for protective paint systems for offshore and related structures (i.e. those exposed to the marine atmosphere, as well as those immersed in sea or brackish water). Such structures are exposed to environments of corrosivity category CX (offshore) and immersion category Im4 as defined in ISO 12944‑2.
ISO 12944-9:2018 describes paint systems for high durability according to ISO 12944‑1.
ISO 12944-9:2018 is applicable to structures made of carbon steel and does not cover Cd/Bi Cr and Zn/Bi Cr surfaces. It is not applicable to surfaces under insulation or concrete.
This document is applicable for paint systems intended for a service temperature range between −20 °C and +80 °C, and the performance testing is aimed at verifying suitability of the paint systems for this temperature range.
ISO 12944-9:2018 is applicable for paint systems for submerged service (Im4) which are intended for ambient operating temperatures up to a maximum of 50 °C.
ISO 12944-9:2018 specifies:
- the test methods to be used to determine the composition of the separate components of the protective paint system;
- the laboratory performance test methods for the assessment of the likely durability of the protective paint system;
- the criteria to be used to evaluate the results of performance tests.
ISO 12944-9:2018 covers the requirements for new work and any repairs necessary before start-up. It can also be used in relation to maintenance where complete refurbishment is carried out and the underlying metal substrate is completely exposed by abrasive blast-cleaning.
ISO 12944-9:2018 does not address maintenance in general where methods of surface preparation other than abrasive blast-cleaning are typically used.
ISO 12944-9:2018 deals with structures, made of carbon steel of not less than 3 mm thickness, which are designed using an approved strength calculation.
The following are not covered by this document:
- structures built of stainless steel as well as those built of copper, titanium or aluminium or their alloys;
- steel cables;
- buried structures;
- pipelines;
- the interiors of storage tanks.
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ISO 12944-8:2017 covers the development of specifications for corrosion protection of steel structures using protective paint systems. It relates to new work and maintenance in the workshop or on site and is also applicable to the corrosion protection of individual components. ISO 12944-8:2017 covers the corrosion protection of steel structures exposed to different corrosion stresses by environments such as indoors, open-air and immersion in water or burial in soil, as well as special stresses, due for example, to medium or high temperatures. The need for different durability ranges is considered.
Steel surfaces that have been hot-dip-galvanized, metal-sprayed, zinc-electroplated or sherardized, and previously painted steel surfaces, are also covered by ISO 12944-8:2017.
In ISO 12944-8:2017, reference areas for assessing the quality of the corrosion protection work and the performance of the protective paint systems used are dealt with. ISO 12944-8:2017 provides detailed flow charts for planning new work and maintenance, which are taken into account when writing a specification.
ISO 12944-8:2017 can also be used as a guide if extreme corrosion stresses or high temperatures occur, or if the protective paint systems are to be used on other substrates, such as non-ferrous metals or concrete, to define suitable specifications.
- Standard44 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 12944-1:2017 defines the overall scope of ISO 12944 (all parts). It gives some basic terms and definitions and a general introduction to the other parts of ISO 12944. Furthermore, it includes a general statement on health, safety and environmental protection, and guidelines for using ISO 12944 (all parts) for a given project.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 12944-3:2017 deals with the basic criteria for the design of steel structures to be coated by protective paint systems in order to avoid premature corrosion and degradation of the coating or the structure. It gives examples of appropriate and inappropriate design, indicating how problems of application, inspection and maintenance of paint systems can be avoided. Design measures which facilitate handling and transport of the steel structures are also considered.
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- Draft19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 12944-7:2017 deals with the execution and supervision of paint work on steel structures in the workshop or on site.
ISO 12944-7:2017 does not apply to
- the preparation of surfaces to be painted (see ISO 12944‑4) and the supervision of such work,
- the application of metallic coatings, and
- pre-treatment methods, such as phosphating and chromating, and paint application methods, such as dipping, powder coating or coil coating.
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- Draft14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 12944-4:2017 covers the following types of surfaces of steel structures consisting of carbon or low-alloy steel, and their preparation:
- uncoated surfaces;
- surfaces thermally sprayed with zinc, aluminium or their alloys;
- hot-dip-galvanized surfaces;
- zinc-electroplated surfaces;
- sherardized surfaces;
- surfaces painted with prefabrication primer;
- other painted surfaces.
ISO 12944-4:2017 defines a number of surface preparation grades but does not specify any requirements for the condition of the substrate prior to surface preparation.
Highly polished surfaces and work-hardened surfaces are not covered by ISO 12944-4:2017.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
DOP of 12 months! * 2017-03-22 FJD - No xml version as mother version was not originally published as xml.
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DOP of 12 months!
2017-03-29 FJD - No xml version as the mother standard EN 1993-4-2:2007 was not edited as an xml deliverable.
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ISO 12944-2:2017 deals with the classification of the principal environments to which steel structures are exposed, and the corrosivity of these environments. ISO 12944-2:2017
- defines atmospheric-corrosivity categories, based on mass loss (or thickness loss) by standard specimens, and describes typical natural atmospheric environments to which steel structures are exposed, giving advice on the estimation of the corrosivity,
- describes different categories of environment for structures immersed in water or buried in soil, and
- gives information on some special corrosion stresses that can cause a significant increase in corrosion rate or place higher demands on the performance of the protective paint system.
The corrosion stresses associated with a particular environment or corrosivity category represent one essential parameter governing the selection of protective paint systems.
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This International Standard deals with performance requirements for protective paint systems for offshore and related structures (i.e. those exposed to the marine atmosphere, as well as those immersed in sea or brackish water). Such structures are exposed to environments of corrosivity category CX (offshore) and immersion category Im4 as defined in ISO 12944-2, with special stresses as given in 4.3 and Annex B of ISO 12944-2:1998. ISO 12944-9 can also be used for other structures, provided that the paints or protective paint systems selected comply with this International Standard.
This International Standard places emphasis on high-durability paint systems, with the aim of minimizing maintenance and hence reducing safety considerations and environmental impact.
The temperature range applicable for these paint systems is considered to be between -20 °C and +120 °C, and the performance testing is aimed at verifying suitability of the paint systems for this temperature range. The use of paint systems outside this temperature range shall be subject to agreement by the end user. Such agreement may include testing at the applicable temperatures.
The paint systems for submerged service (Im4) are aimed at ambient operating temperatures up to a maximum of 50 °C. For higher operating temperatures, specific evaluation and performance documentation is needed. The selection of performance requirements should be considered in conjunction with the cathodic protection design parameters.
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This document specifies laboratory test methods and test conditions for the assessment of paint
systems for the corrosion protection of carbon steel structures.
The test results are intended to be considered as an aid in the selection of suitable paint systems and
not as exact information for determining durability.
This document covers protective paint systems designed for application to uncoated steel, hot dip
galvanized steel according to ISO 1461 and steel surfaces with thermal-sprayed metallic coating
according to ISO 2063-1 and ISO 2063-2.
This document does not apply to protective paint systems for electroplated or painted steel.
The environments for corrosivity categories C2 to C5 and Im1 to Im3 defined in ISO 12944-2 are
considered.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document covers the following types of surfaces of steel structures consisting of carbon or lowalloy
steel, and their preparation:
— uncoated surfaces;
— surfaces thermally sprayed with zinc, aluminium or their alloys;
— hot-dip-galvanized surfaces;
— zinc-electroplated surfaces;
— sherardized surfaces;
— surfaces painted with prefabrication primer;
— other painted surfaces.
This document defines a number of surface preparation grades but does not specify any requirements
for the condition of the substrate prior to surface preparation.
Highly polished surfaces and work-hardened surfaces are not covered by this document.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document deals with the basic criteria for the design of steel structures to be coated by protective
paint systems in order to avoid premature corrosion and degradation of the coating or the structure.
It gives examples of appropriate and inappropriate design, indicating how problems of application,
inspection and maintenance of paint systems can be avoided. Design measures which facilitate handling
and transport of the steel structures are also considered.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document covers the development of specifications for corrosion protection of steel structures
using protective paint systems. It relates to new work and maintenance in the workshop or on site
and is also applicable to the corrosion protection of individual components. This document covers
the corrosion protection of steel structures exposed to different corrosion stresses by environments
such as indoors, open-air and immersion in water or burial in soil, as well as special stresses, due for
example, to medium or high temperatures. The need for different durability ranges is considered.
Steel surfaces that have been hot-dip-galvanized, metal-sprayed, zinc-electroplated or sherardized, and
previously painted steel surfaces, are also covered by this document.
In this document, reference areas for assessing the quality of the corrosion protection work and the
performance of the protective paint systems used are dealt with. This document provides detailed
flow charts for planning new work and maintenance, which are taken into account when writing a
specification.
This document can also be used as a guide if extreme corrosion stresses or high temperatures occur,
or if the protective paint systems are to be used on other substrates, such as non-ferrous metals or
concrete, to define suitable specifications.
- Standard44 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines the overall scope of ISO 12944 (all parts). It gives some basic terms and
definitions and a general introduction to the other parts of ISO 12944. Furthermore, it includes a
general statement on health, safety and environmental protection, and guidelines for using ISO 12944
(all parts) for a given project.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 12944-2:2017 deals with the classification of the principal environments to which steel structures are exposed, and the corrosivity of these environments. ISO 12944-2:2017
- defines atmospheric-corrosivity categories, based on mass loss (or thickness loss) by standard specimens, and describes typical natural atmospheric environments to which steel structures are exposed, giving advice on the estimation of the corrosivity,
- describes different categories of environment for structures immersed in water or buried in soil, and
- gives information on some special corrosion stresses that can cause a significant increase in corrosion rate or place higher demands on the performance of the protective paint system.
The corrosion stresses associated with a particular environment or corrosivity category represent one essential parameter governing the selection of protective paint systems.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document deals with the execution and supervision of paint work on steel structures in the
workshop or on site.
This document does not apply to
— the preparation of surfaces to be painted (see ISO 12944-4) and the supervision of such work,
— the application of metallic coatings, and
— pre-treatment methods, such as phosphating and chromating, and paint application methods, such
as dipping, powder coating or coil coating.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 14708-3:2017 provides guidelines and recommendations regarding the general principles of design that are appropriate for articles to be sherardized for corrosion protection.
The protection afforded by the sherardized coating to the article will depend upon the method of application of the coating, the design of the article and the specific environment to which the article is exposed. The sherardized article can be further protected by application of additional coatings (outside the scope of this document), such as organic coatings (wet paints or powder coatings). When applied to sherardized articles, this combination of coatings is often known as a "duplex system".
General guidance on this subject can be found in ISO 12944‑5 and EN 13438.
The maintenance of corrosion protection in service for steel with sherardized coatings is outside the scope of this document.
Specific product-related requirements (e.g. for sherardized coatings on fasteners or tubes, etc.) will take precedence over these general recommendations.
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- Draft13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 14713-1:2017 provides guidelines and recommendations regarding the general principles of design which are appropriate for articles to be zinc coated for corrosion protection and the level of corrosion resistance provided by zinc coatings applied to iron or steel articles, exposed to a variety of environments. Initial protection is covered in relation to
- available standard processes,
- design considerations, and
- environments for use.
ISO 14713-1:2017 applies to zinc coatings applied by the following processes:
a) hot dip galvanized coatings (applied after fabrication);
b) hot dip galvanized coatings (applied onto continuous sheet);
c) sherardized coatings;
d) thermal sprayed coatings;
e) mechanically plated coatings;
f) electrodeposited coatings.
These guidelines and recommendations do not deal with the maintenance of corrosion protection in service for steel with zinc coatings. Guidance on this subject can be found in ISO 12944‑5 and ISO 12944‑8.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies requirements for the execution i.e. the manufacture and the installation of cold-formed structural aluminium components made from profiled sheeting for roof, ceiling, floor and wall applications under predominately static loading conditions or seismic loading conditions and their documentation. It does cover products of structural class I and II according to EN 1999-1-4 used in structures.
Structural elements are understood here to mean profiled sheeting, such as trapezoidal, sinusoidal, liner trays or cassette profiles (Figure 1), that are produced by cold forming. Perforated and micro profiled sheeting are also covered by this part.
Welded sections are excluded from this part and are covered by EN 1090-3 except seal welding in low-stress areas.
This standard also covers spacer constructions between the outer and inner or upper and lower skins as well as supporting members for roofs, walls and ceilings made from cold-formed profiled sheeting and the connections and attachments of the afore mentioned elements as long as they are involved in load transfer, it also covers connections and attachments of these elements.
A combination of steel and aluminium structural elements are permitted, e.g. liner trays made of steel, stiffened by profiles made of aluminium. In this case, EN 1090-4 and this document apply.
Composite structural elements where the interaction between dissimilar materials are an integral part of the structural behaviour such as sandwich panels and composite floors are not covered by this standard.
NOTE The structures covered in this standard can be for example
- single- or multi-skin roofs, whereby the load-bearing structure (lower skin) as well as the actual roof covering (upper skin) or both consist of structural elements;
- single- or multi-skin walls whereby the load-bearing structure (inner skin) as well as the actual cladding (outer skin) or both consist of structural elements; or
- suspended ceilings for interior fitting.
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft56 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines and recommendations regarding the general principles of design
that are appropriate for articles to be sherardized for corrosion protection.
The protection afforded by the sherardized coating to the article will depend upon the method of
application of the coating, the design of the article and the specific environment to which the article is
exposed. The sherardized article can be further protected by application of additional coatings (outside
the scope of this document), such as organic coatings (wet paints or powder coatings). When applied to
sherardized articles, this combination of coatings is often known as a “duplex system”.
General guidance on this subject can be found in ISO 12944-5 and EN 13438.
The maintenance of corrosion protection in service for steel with sherardized coatings is outside the
scope of this document.
Specific product-related requirements (e.g. for sherardized coatings on fasteners or tubes, etc.) will
take precedence over these general recommendations.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines and recommendations regarding the general principles of
design which are appropriate for articles to be zinc coated for corrosion protection and the level of
corrosion resistance provided by zinc coatings applied to iron or steel articles, exposed to a variety of
environments. Initial protection is covered in relation to
— available standard processes,
— design considerations, and
— environments for use.
This document applies to zinc coatings applied by the following processes:
a) hot dip galvanized coatings (applied after fabrication);
b) hot dip galvanized coatings (applied onto continuous sheet);
c) sherardized coatings;
d) thermal sprayed coatings;
e) mechanically plated coatings;
f) electrodeposited coatings.
These guidelines and recommendations do not deal with the maintenance of corrosion protection
in service for steel with zinc coatings. Guidance on this subject can be found in ISO 12944-5 and
ISO 12944-8.
NOTE There are a variety of product-related standards (e.g. for nails, fasteners, ductile iron pipes, etc.)
which provide specific requirements for the applied zinc coating systems which go beyond any general guidance
presented in this document. These specific product-related requirements will take precedence over these general
recommendations.
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- Draft22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
DOP of 12 months!
- Amendment13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
DOP of 12 months!
- Amendment26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The standard defines the requirements for the manufacture of thin-gauge cold-formed aluminium elements, the execution of structures made from such elements (e.g. roofs, coverings, walls, florors, ceilings and purlins) under predominantly static loading conditions and corresponding requirements to documentation
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft56 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
DOP of 12 months!
- Amendment26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
DOP of 12 months!
- Amendment4 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft4 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The scope of EN 1090-1:2009+A1:2011 states that the standard covers structural components and kits which are referred to as structural construction products in this document. This Technical Report gives information that clarifies when a structural construction product is covered by the scope of EN 1090-1:2009+A1:2011 and lists examples of products covered and not covered.
- Technical report17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- National annex2 pagesSlovenian languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft2 pagesSlovenian languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Grades of stainless steel covered in EN 1993-1-4
- Section classification
- Shear buckling
- Cold worked grads (including undermatched welding)
- Grade selection and durability
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