91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
ICS 91.100.30 Details
Concrete and concrete products
Beton. Betonfertigteile
Béton et produits en béton
Beton in betonski izdelki
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This document presents the framework and general principles for maintenance and repair of all kinds of existing concrete structures — un-reinforced and reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete and steel-concrete composite structures, or their structural members. In this document, deterioration is clearly distinguished from damage occurring in a short period and not developing over subsequent time, such as cracking and scaling due to earthquakes or impact loading, etc. Deterioration is mainly dealt with as a target for the maintenance activities. This document also provides the basic concept of repair carried out to restore structural performance of existing structures. This document does not cover those aspects of maintenance and repair that are related to serviceability and aesthetics without direct impact on durability and service life, e.g. cleaning of drains, removal of vegetation, refreshment of paint, etc. This document also does not cover repair of defects during execution of new structures.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the bond stress of dowels in concrete pavements.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the tensile strength on cylindrical discs of concrete using cylindrical discs as specimens, which can be
- separately manufactured or
- cut from cores of the finished concrete pavement.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies characteristics and performances of plastic and rubber sheets for waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles where the waterproofing is fully bonded to the concrete deck and fully bonded to the asphalt overlay.
This document does not cover concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles where the waterproofing is not fully bonded to the concrete and/or not fully bonded to an overlay.
This document also states the test methods used for verifying the characteristics and gives rules for the assessment and verification of consistency of performance of the product.
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes general requirements and procedures for the assessment of concrete structures. The assessment can be initiated under the following circumstances, but not limited to: a) an anticipated change in use or extension of design service life; b) structural deterioration due to time-dependent actions such as corrosion of reinforcement, fatigue, etc.; c) safety and/or serviceability check (e.g. for earthquake and increased traffic actions) as required by authorities, insurance companies, owners, etc.; d) structural damage by accidental actions (see ISO 2394). This document does not cover — qualification of personnel; — contractual matters; — health and safety requirements for the protection of workers during the investigation and testing.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document defines basic considerations and decision-making for the specification of repair remedies, and management strategies for reinforced and unreinforced concrete structures. This document covers only atmospherically exposed structures, and buried or submerged structures, if they can be accessed. This document specifies repair design principles, and strategies for defects and on-going deterioration including, but not limited to: a) mechanical actions, e.g. impact, overloading, movement caused by settlement, blast, vibration and seismic actions; b) chemical and biological actions from environments, e.g. sulfate attack, alkali-aggregate reaction; c) physical actions, e.g. freeze–thaw, thermal cracking, moisture movement, salt crystallization, fire, and erosion; d) reinforcement corrosion; e) original construction defects that remained unaddressed from the time of construction. The execution of maintenance and repairs is covered in ISO 16311-4.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides requirements for substrate condition before and during application, including structural stability, storage of materials, the preparation, and application of products and systems for repair of concrete structures, including quality control and qualifications of personnel, maintenance, health and safety, and the environment.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for the constituents (concrete and other materials) of concrete pavements, cast in situ. Concrete compacted by rollers is not covered by this document.
This document covers concrete pavements for roads, airfields, pedestrian footpaths, cycle tracks, storage areas, and in general for all traffic-bearing structures.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the flexural (first
peak, ultimate and residual) strength of specimens of hardened sprayed concrete.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for concrete pavements cast in situ. Concrete compacted by rollers is not covered by this document.
This document covers concrete pavements for roads, airfields, pedestrian footpaths, cycle tracks, storage areas, and in general for all traffic-bearing structures.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides a framework and basic rules on environmental management related to concrete and concrete structures. This includes the assessment of the environmental impacts and methods of implementing environmental improvement based on the assessment. This document is used for the environmental consideration in activities related to the production of concrete constituents, the production, recycling and disposal of concrete, and the design, execution, use and demolition of concrete structures. It is applied for their entire lifecycles, respective stages of the lifecycles, or certain ranges of the lifecycles. This document is applicable to newly produced concrete and newly constructed concrete structures, and also existing concrete and concrete structures. This document applies to single concretes, concrete families, single concrete structures, and concrete structure complexes. For materials other than concrete, the related ISO standards are applied where available. In the case where no ISO standard is available, such materials are appropriately dealt with referring to this document and the normative references. This document covers global, regional and local environments. This document does not directly deal with the environmental impacts resulting from the operation of equipment installed in concrete structures. However, the special properties of concrete and concrete structures affecting the operational efficiency of such equipment are considered in this document. This document covers secondary effects of the production of concrete and execution of concrete structures. NOTE The secondary effects of the production of concrete include the future possibility of leaching of heavy metals from concrete or the absorption of heavy metals from the environment, the effect of waste treatments on the environment, etc. This document covers the economic and social effects of environmental consideration in the production of concrete and execution of concrete structures.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the method for the determination of the tensile splitting strength of test specimens of hardened concrete. The reference specimens are moulded cylindrical specimens.
Cores of at least 75 mm diameter complying with the requirements of EN 12504 1 can be tested using this method.
The use of cubic or prismatic specimens is included in Annex A.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements, the basic performance criteria and the Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) for unreinforced, reinforced and prestressed precast concrete products made of compact light-, normal- and heavyweight concrete according to EN 206 with no appreciable amount of entrapped air other than entrained air. Concrete containing fibres for other than mechanical properties (steel, polymer or other fibres) is also covered. It does not cover prefabricated reinforced components of lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure nor glass-fibre reinforced concrete.
It can also be used to specify products for which there is no standard. Not all of the requirements (Clause 4) of this standard are relevant to all precast concrete products.
Some European product standards refer to this standard. They can include specific provisions that take precedence over the provisions of this standard.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the method for the determination of the tensile splitting strength of test specimens of hardened concrete. The reference specimens are moulded cylindrical specimens.
Cores of at least 75 mm diameter complying with the requirements of EN 12504-1 can be tested using this method.
The use of cubic or prismatic specimens is included in Annex A.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides the specifications, the basic performance criteria and the Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) for unreinforced, reinforced and prestressed precast concrete products made of compact light-, normal- and heavyweight concrete according to EN 206 with no appreciable amount of entrapped air other than entrained air. Concrete containing fibres for other than mechanical properties (steel, polymer or other fibres) is also covered. It does not cover precast reinforced components of lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure nor glass-fibre reinforced concrete.
It can also be used to specify products for which there is no standard. Not all of the specifications (Clause 4) of this document are relevant to all precast concrete products.
Some European product standards refer to this document. They can include specific provisions that take precedence over the provisions of this document.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides the principles and procedures for environmental management related to production of concrete constituents and concrete. This document covers the following: — concrete constituents: cement, admixtures, additions, aggregate and mixing water; — concrete and precast concrete.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies methods (Methods A and B) for the determination of the first peak, ultimate and residual strength of specimens of hardened sprayed concrete.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the constituent materials, the composition and the mixing method to produce reference concrete and reference mortar for testing the efficacy and the compatibility of admixtures in accordance with the series EN 934.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a procedure for testing the resistance of surface degradation of pervious concrete specimens in the laboratory. This document also specifies procedures for measuring the mass loss of specimens subjected to combined action of impact and abrasion in a rotating steel drum.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the constituent materials, the composition and the mix procedure to produce a reference concrete with a prescribed consistency and segregated portion for testing viscosity modifying admixtures as defined in EN 934 2. It also describes how to determine the requirements for the test mix in comparison with the control mix.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the constituent materials, the composition and the mix procedure to produce a reference concrete with a prescribed consistency and segregated portion for testing viscosity modifying admixtures as defined in EN 934-2. It also describes how to determine the requirements for the test mix in comparison with the control mix.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the constituent materials, the composition and the mixing method to produce reference concrete and reference mortar for testing the efficacy and the compatibility of admixtures in accordance with the EN 934 series.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for determining the electrical resistivity of concrete in water saturated conditions. Two methods of measuring the resistivity are standardized: the volumetric method (see 3.1.3), which is the reference method, and the surface method (see 3.1.4).
NOTE The volumetric method is applicable to cast specimens or cores, while the surface method is suitable for use on cast specimens, cores and on construction site, but not all these applications are covered in this document.
The method can be applied to the normal range of concretes covered by current standards. It does not cover the concretes made with porous aggregates or having metallic components.
The use of resistivity to assess the potential for corrosion of reinforcement in existing structures is not specified in this document.
The use of resistivity to assess cores taken from an existing structure, which need pre-condition on water saturation, is not directly specified in this document.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes two methods for measuring the electrical resistivity of concrete in water saturated conditions: the volumetric method (see 3.1.3), which is the reference method, and the surface method (see 3.1.4). The document gives the procedure to calibrate the surface method by means of the reference-volumetric method. Both methods give the same resistivity result, provided the provisions of the present document (using the Form Factor (Ff) for equivalence between them) are followed.
NOTE The volumetric method is applicable to cast specimens or cores, while the surface method is suitable for use on cast specimens, cores and on construction sites, but not all of these applications are covered in this document.
The method can be applied to the normal range of concretes covered by current standards. It does not cover concretes containing metallic components or made with porous aggregates.
The use of resistivity to assess the potential for corrosion of reinforcement in existing structures is not specified in this document.
The use of resistivity to test cores taken from an existing structure, which require pre-conditioning by water saturation, is not covered in this document.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment4 pagesSlovenian languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the reference washing and dry sieving method used for testing and in case of dispute, for determination of the particle size distribution of aggregates. Other methods can be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. It applies to all aggregates, including lightweight aggregates, up to 90 mm nominal size, but excluding filler. NOTE: Dry sieving without washing can be used for aggregates free from particles which cause agglomeration.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes the procedure for the determination of soluble sulfate salts which can be present in aggregates. The test is suitable for aggregates where the sulfate content derives directly from contact with, or immersion in, saline water, e.g. typical sea-dredged aggregates.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method to establish the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing, complying with the relevant product standard, EN 490 or EN 1304, which are unfixed or mechanically fixed to the substructure.
NOTE The test method has been developed for clay or concrete tiles for roofing, but can apply to other discontinuously laid small elements, such as: slates; fibre cement slates; stones; and, adopted accordingly, to photovoltaic and solar thermal panels.
The test method is applicable to mechanical fixings such as clips, hooks, screws and nails.
The method is not applicable to fixed tiles having fixing patterns with less than every third tile fixed.
The test method is not applicable to under and over tiles. Examples of these tiles are given in Annex G.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document complements the core rules for the product category of construction products as defined in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and is intended to be used as a c-PCR in conjunction with that standard.
This document applies to concrete and concrete elements for building and civil engineering, excluded autoclaved aerated concrete.
This document defines the parameters to be reported, what EPD types (and life cycle stages) to be covered, what rules to be followed in order to generate Life Cycle Inventories (LCI) and conduct Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) and the data quality to be used in the development of EPDs.
In addition to the common parts of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, this document for concrete and concrete elements:
- defines the system boundaries;
- defines the modelling and assessment of material-specific characteristics;
- defines allocation procedures for multi-output processes along the production chain;
- defines allocation procedures for reuse and recycling;
- includes the rules for calculating the LCI and the LCIA underlying the EPD;
- provides guidance/specific rules for the determination of the reference service life (RSL);
- gives guidance on the establishment of default scenarios;
- gives guidance on default functional units for concrete elements.
This document is intended to be used either for cradle to gate with options or cradle to grave assessment, provided the intentions are properly stated in the system boundary description.
Within the construction works context, a cradle to grave declaration delivers a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental impact associated with concrete and concrete elements.
- Standard63 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard is applicable to sprayed concrete, to be used for repair and upgrading
of structures, for new structures and for strengthening of ground.
This European Standard covers:
- classification related to consistence of wet mix;
- environmental exposure classes; young, hardened and fibre reinforced concrete;
- requirements for constituent materials, for concrete composition and for basic mix, for
fresh and hardened concrete and all types of fibre reinforced sprayed concrete;
- specification for designed and prescribed mixes;
- conformity.
This European Standard is applicable to wet mix as well as dry mix sprayed concrete.
The substrates to which sprayed concrete can be applied include:
- ground (rock and soil);
- sprayed concrete;
- different types of formwork;
- structural components constituted of concrete, masonry and steel;
- drainage materials;
- insulating materials.
Additional or different requirements may be needed for applications not within this document, for
instance-refractory uses.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable to sprayed concrete to be used for repair and upgrading of structures, for new structures and for strengthening of ground.
This document covers:
- classification related to consistence of wet mix;
- environmental exposure classes; young, hardened and fibre reinforced concrete;
- requirements for constituent materials, for concrete composition and for basic mix, for fresh and hardened concrete and all types of fibre reinforced sprayed concrete;
- specification for designed and prescribed mixes;
- conformity.
This document is applicable to wet mix as well as dry mix sprayed concrete. The substrates to which sprayed concrete can be applied include:
- ground (rock and soil);
- sprayed concrete;
- different types of formwork;
- structural components constituted of concrete, masonry and steel;
- drainage materials;
- insulating materials.
Additional or different requirements may be needed for applications not within this document, for instance-refractory uses.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document complements the core rules for the product category of construction products as defined in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and is intended to be used as a c-PCR in conjunction with that standard.
This c-PCR applies to products within the scope of CEN/TC 104 and CEN/TC 229, but it may be applicable to other concrete products until they have product specific c-PCRs.
This document applies to concrete and concrete elements for building and civil engineering, but excludes autoclaved aerated concrete and resin bound concrete. Apart from Annex G, it may be used as guidance for glass fibre reinforced concrete.
This document defines the parameters to be reported, what EPD types (and life cycle stages) to be covered, what rules to be followed in order to generate Life Cycle Inventories (LCI) and conduct Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) and the data quality to be used in the development of EPDs.
In addition to the common parts of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, this document for concrete and concrete elements:
- defines the system boundaries;
- defines the modelling and assessment of material-specific characteristics;
- defines allocation procedures for multi-output processes along the production chain;
- defines allocation procedures for reuse and recycling;
- includes the rules for calculating the LCI and the LCIA underlying the EPD;
- provides guidance/specific rules for the determination of the reference service life (RSL);
- gives guidance on the establishment of default scenarios;
- gives guidance on default functional units for concrete elements.
This document is intended to be used either for cradle to gate with options or cradle to grave assessment, provided the intentions are properly stated in the system boundary description.
Within the construction works context, a cradle to grave declaration delivers a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental impact associated with concrete and concrete elements.
- Standard63 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The objective of the document consists in testing concrete mixes complying with EN 206 for particular aggressive environments with the test methods being standardized by TC 51/WG 12 on chloride penetration and carbonation in order to verify their robustness and coherence.
- Technical report58 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the test method, sampling, procedure and determination of cement paste containing a flash setting accelerating admixture for sprayed concrete. Related terms and definitions are also given. This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
The objective of the document consists in testing concrete mixes complying with EN 206 for particular aggressive environments with the test methods being standardized by TC 51/WG 12 on chloride penetration and carbonation in order to verify their robustness and coherence.
- Technical report58 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes two methods for determination of air content of compacted fresh concrete, made with normal weight or relatively dense aggregate and having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 63 mm.
The test is not suitable for concretes with slumps less than 10 mm according to EN 12350-2.
Neither method is applicable to concretes made with lightweight aggregates, air cooled blast-furnace slag, or aggregates with high porosity, because of the magnitude of the aggregate correction factor, compared with the entrained air content of the concrete.
- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the method for the determination of the secant modulus of elasticity in compression of hardened concrete on test specimens which can be cast or taken from a structure.
The test method allows the determination of two secant moduli of elasticity: the initial modulus, EC,0 measured at first loading and the stabilized modulus, EC,S measured after three loading cycles.
Two different test methods are given. The first (Method A) is for determination of both initial and stabilized moduli, the second (Method B) is for determination of stabilized modulus only.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the rebound number of an area of hardened concrete using a spring-driven hammer.
NOTE 1 The rebound number determined by this method can be used to assess the uniformity of concrete in situ, to delineate zones or areas of poor quality or deteriorated concrete in structures.
NOTE 2 The test method is not intended as an alternative for the compressive strength determination of concrete (EN 12390-3), but with suitable correlation, it can provide an estimate of in situ compressive strength. For the assessment of in situ compressive strength, see EN 13791.
NOTE 3 The hammer can be used for comparative testing, referenced against a concrete with known strength or against a concrete which has been shown that it has come from a defined volume of concrete with a population verified as conforming to a particular strength class.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the shapes, dimensions and tolerances of cast concrete test specimens in the form of cubes, cylinders and prisms, and of the moulds required to produce them.
NOTE The tolerances specified in this document are based on the needs of strength testing, but they can be applicable to tests for other properties.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the velocity of propagation of pulses of ultrasonic longitudinal waves or ultrasonic transverse waves in hardened concrete, which is used for a number of applications.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes two methods for determination of air content of compacted fresh concrete, made with normal weight or relatively dense aggregate and having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 63 mm.
The test is not suitable for concretes with slumps less than 10 mm according to EN 12350-2.
Neither method is applicable to concretes made with lightweight aggregates, air cooled blast-furnace slag, or aggregates with high porosity, because of the magnitude of the aggregate correction factor, compared with the entrained air content of the concrete.
- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for unidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips as external-bonded reinforcements on the concrete substrate. This document is applicable for the CFRP strips that: — consist of carbon fibre and thermoset resin; — are manufactured by pultrusion method; — have a carbon fibre fraction over 60 % by volume; and — have a thickness within 3 mm. This document specifies the methodologies to express the mechanical properties as characteristic values, appearance and dimensions, and sampling test.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes procedures for determining certain properties of aggregates for use in concrete for the determination of the loose or compacted bulk density, the determination of particle density and water absorption using the hydrostatic balance method and the determination of the particle mass-per-volume and water absorption using the Pycnometer method.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the procedure for obtaining the non-steady-state chloride migration coefficient of specimens of hardened concrete at a specified age (see Annex A). The test procedure does not take into account any interaction of concrete with the saline solution over time. The test result is a durability indicator with respect to the resistance of the concrete investigated against chloride penetration.
The test procedure does not apply to concrete specimens with surface treatments such as silanes.
If the aggregate or any other embedded elements (such as metallic fibres or conducting particles) are electrically conductive, this will influence the magnitude of chloride migration. This fact is taken into account when establishing threshold values. It prevents comparison of chloride migration values between concretes if the aggregates induce a difference of half an order of magnitude (higher or lower) of chloride migration.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
(1) This European Standard applies to concrete for structures cast in situ, precast structures, and structural precast products for buildings and civil engineering structures.
(2) The concrete under this European Standard can be:
- normal-weight, heavy-weight and light-weight;
- mixed on site, ready-mixed or produced in a plant for precast concrete products;
- compacted or self-compacting to retain no appreciable amount of entrapped air other than entrained air.
(3) This standard specifies requirements for:
- the constituents of concrete;
- the properties of fresh and hardened concrete and their verification;
- the limitations for concrete composition;
- the specification of concrete;
- the delivery of fresh concrete;
- the production control procedures;
- the conformity criteria and evaluation of conformity.
(4) Other European Standards for specific products e.g. precast products or for processes within the field of the scope of this standard may require or permit deviations.
(5) Additional or different requirements may be given for specific applications in other European Standards, for example:
- concrete to be used in roads and other trafficked areas (e.g. concrete pavements according to EN 13877-1);
- special technologies (e.g. sprayed concrete according to EN 14487).
(6) Supplementing requirements or different testing procedures may be specified for specific types of concrete and applications, for example:
- concrete for massive structures (e.g. dams);
- dry mixed concrete;
- concrete with a Dmax of 4 mm or less (mortar);
- self-compacting concretes (SCC) containing lightweight or heavy-weight aggregates or fibres;
- concrete with open structure (e. g. pervious concrete for drainage).
(7) This standard does not apply to:
- aerated concrete;
- foamed concrete;
- concrete with density less than 800 kg/m3;
- refractory concrete.
(8) This standard does not cover health and safety requirements for the protection of workers during production and delivery of concrete.
- Standard102 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard101 pagesGerman languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the velocity of propagation of pulses of ultrasonic longitudinal waves or ultrasonic transverse waves in hardened concrete, which is used for a number of applications.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the rebound number of an area of hardened concrete using a spring-driven hammer.
NOTE 1 The rebound number determined by this method can be used to assess the uniformity of concrete in situ, to delineate zones or areas of poor quality or deteriorated concrete in structures.
NOTE 2 The test method is not intended as an alternative for the compressive strength determination of concrete (EN 12390-3), but with suitable correlation, it can provide an estimate of in situ compressive strength. For the assessment of in-situ compressive strength, see EN 13791.
NOTE 3 The hammer can be used for comparative testing, referenced against a concrete with known strength or against a concrete which has been shown that it has come from a defined volume of concrete with a population verified as conforming to a particular strength class.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the shape, dimensions and tolerances of cast concrete test specimens in the form of cubes, cylinders and prisms, and of the moulds required to produce them.
NOTE The tolerances specified in this document are based on the needs of strength testing, but they can be applicable to tests for other properties.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the method for the determination of the secant modulus of elasticity in compression of hardened concrete on test specimens which can be cast or taken from a structure.
The test method allows the determination of two secant moduli of elasticity: the initial modulus, EC,0 measured at first loading and the stabilized modulus, EC,S measured after three loading cycles.
Two different test methods are given. The first (Method A) is for determination of both initial and stabilized moduli, the second (Method B) is for determination of stabilized modulus only.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
(1) This European Standard applies to concrete for structures cast in situ, precast structures, and structural precast products for buildings and civil engineering structures.
(2) The concrete under this European Standard can be:
- normal-weight, heavy-weight and light-weight;
- mixed on site, ready-mixed or produced in a plant for precast concrete products;
- compacted or self-compacting to retain no appreciable amount of entrapped air other than entrained air.
(3) This standard specifies requirements for:
- the constituents of concrete;
- the properties of fresh and hardened concrete and their verification;
- the limitations for concrete composition;
- the specification of concrete;
- the delivery of fresh concrete;
- the production control procedures;
- the conformity criteria and evaluation of conformity.
(4) Other European Standards for specific products e.g. precast products or for processes within the field of the scope of this standard may require or permit deviations.
(5) Additional or different requirements may be given for specific applications in other European Standards, for example:
- concrete to be used in roads and other trafficked areas (e.g. concrete pavements according to EN 13877-1);
- special technologies (e.g. sprayed concrete according to EN 14487).
(6) Supplementing requirements or different testing procedures may be specified for specific types of concrete and applications, for example:
- concrete for massive structures (e.g. dams);
- dry mixed concrete;
- concrete with a Dmax of 4 mm or less (mortar);
- self-compacting concretes (SCC) containing lightweight or heavy-weight aggregates or fibres;
- concrete with open structure (e. g. pervious concrete for drainage).
(7) This standard does not apply to:
- aerated concrete;
- foamed concrete;
- concrete with density less than 800 kg/m3;
- refractory concrete.
(8) This standard does not cover health and safety requirements for the protection of workers during production and delivery of concrete.
- Standard102 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard101 pagesGerman languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day