ASTM D6828-02(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabric by Blade/Slot Procedure
Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabric by Blade/Slot Procedure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is considered satisfactory for quality control testing.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories, comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use test samples as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and randomly assigned in equal number to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future results for the source material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
The stiffness of fabric relates to its resistance to bending with further processing and use. It measures the fiber and yarn bending capabilities, the cohesion of individual fibers and yarns relative to their displacement and binders or finishes that hold them in place.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stiffness of fabrics by measuring the force required to push a specimen into a slot of predetermined width with a metal blade working at a predetermined capacity.Note 1
For other methods for testing stiffness, refer to Test Methods D 1388, D 4032, and D 5732.
1.2 This test method is applicable to fabrics of any fiber content whose stiffness does not exceed the capacity of the Penetrator Beam apparatus. Specimens can be taken from fabrics, rolls, or end products.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered as standard; the values inch-pound units are included for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6828–02 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Stiffness of Fabric by Blade/Slot Procedure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4032 Test Method for Stiffness of Fabric by the Circular
Bend Procedure
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stiff-
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
ness of fabrics by measuring the force required to push a
Methods
specimen into a slot of predetermined width with a metal blade
D5732 Test Method for Stiffness of Nonwoven Fabrics
working at a predetermined capacity.
Using the Cantilever Test
NOTE 1—For other methods for testing stiffness, refer to Test Methods 4
2.2 Statistical Analysis Software:
D1388, D4032, and D5732.
1.2 This test method is applicable to fabrics of any fiber
3. Terminology
content whose stiffness does not exceed the capacity of the
Penetrator Beam apparatus. Specimens can be taken from
3.1 Definitions:
fabrics, rolls, or end products.
3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered as
refer to Terminology D4850. For other terms used in this
standard; the values inch-pound units are included for infor-
method, refer to Terminology D123.
mation only.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 A swatch of fabric rests on two flat plate supports
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- separated by a fixed distance. A force is applied to the fabric
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
swatch midway between the supports by means of a blade
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. attached to a motor driven beam. The maximum force needed
to push the fabric through the supports is measured as a
2. Referenced Documents
resistance to bending of the fabric.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1388 Test Method for Stiffness of Fabrics
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for quality
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles control testing.
D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test
5.2 If there are differences of practical significance between
Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data reported test results for two laboratories, comparative tests
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias
Textiles between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a
minimum,usetestsamplesashomogeneousaspossible,drawn
from the material from which the disparate test results were
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
obtained, and randomly assigned in equal number to each
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,
laboratoryfortesting.Thetestresultsfromthetwolaboratories
Specific.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007. Published January 2007. Originally should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D6828 – 02. DOI:
a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is
10.1520/D6828-02R07.
found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
results for the source material must be adjusted in consider-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ation of the known bias.
the ASTM website.
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org. SAS Institute, Box 8000, Cary, NC 27511.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6828–02 (2007)
5.3 The stiffness of fabric relates to its resistance to bending 7. Sampling and Test Specimens
with further processing and use. It measures the fiber and yarn
7.1 Primary Sampling Unit—Consider material as put-up
bending capabilities, the cohesion of individual fibers and
for shipment to be the primary sampling unit, such as rolls,
yarns relative to their displacement and binders or finishes that
bolts or pieces of fabric, or carton of garments or flat goods, as
hold them in place.
applicable. (See Annex A1.)
7.2 Laboratory Sampling Unit—As a laboratory sampling
6. Apparatus
unit take from rolls at least one full-width piece of fabric that
6.1 Handle-O-Meter Tester, (Fig. 1), having the following
is1m(1yd)in length along the selvage (machine direction),
parts:
after first removinga1m(1yd) length.
6.1.1 Specimen Platform,consistingoftwoadjustableplates
7.3 Test Specimens—From each laboratory sampling unit,
capable of forming an opening between the two plates.
take five specimens 100 by 100 6 2.5 mm (4 by 4 6 0.1 in.).
6.1.2 Penetrating Blade, to force the fabric into the slot
Take specimens representing a broad distribution from differ-
between the plates.
ent positions diagonally across the width of the laboratory
6.1.3 Penetrator Beam, to move the Penetrator Blade.
sampling unit. Specimens should be staggered in such a
6.1.4 ForceMeasuringDevice,operatingatapredetermined
manner that no specimens contain the same yarns. With the
capacity, to measure the force required to force the fabric into
the slot. face of the specimen up, place a small locator mark in the
6.1.5 Calibration Weight, for calibration of the force appro- lower right hand corner of the specimen parallel to the
priate for the Penetrator Blade. warp/machine direction (MD). (SeeAnnexA2.) The mark will
6.2 Specimen Marking Template,102by100 65.0mm(4.0
be used to correctly position the specimen prior to testing so
by 4.0 6 0.2 in.).
that the stiffness of four different areas of the specimen can be
determined. Label specimen to maintain identity.
7.3.1 For fabric widths 100 mm (4 in.) or more, take no
specimens closer than 25 mm (1 in) from the selvage edges of
the laboratory sampling unit.
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
is Thwing-Albert Instrument Co., Philadelphia, PA. If you are aware of alternative
7.3.2 For fabric widths less than 150 mm (4 in.), use the
suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.
entire width of the laboratory sampling unit for specimens.
Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee , which you may attend.
FIG. 1 Handle-O-Meter Tester
D6828–02 (2007)
7.3.3 Ensure specimens are free of folds, creases, or 10.8 Activate the tester and record the maximum force in
wrinkles.Avoidgettingoil,water,grease,etc.onthespecimens the filling/cross direction face-up.
when handling. 10.9 Remove the specimen from the slot and turn it over so
7.3.4 If the fabric has a pattern, ensure that the specimens that the back side is facing up and the warp/machine direction
are a representative sampling of the pattern. (MD) of the specimen is perpendicular to the slot. The locator
mark on the underneath side of the specimen must be on the
8. Preparation of Apparatus oppositesidefromitslocationin10.3.(SeeAnnexA2,Position
3). This procedure will expose a fresh area of the specimen for
8.1 Place the tester on a flat surface and level according to
testing.
manufacturers instructions.
10.10 Activate the tester and record the maximum reading
8.2 Install Penetrator BeamAssembly. Selection of beam is
of the warp/machine direction face down.
determined by thickness and weight of the fabric. Most fabrics
10.11 Remove the specimen from the slot, keeping back
will require a 1000 g beam.
side of specimen facing up. Rotate the specimen 90° counter-
8.3 Engage the power control and allow 15 min for the
clockwise so that the warp/machine direction of the specimen
circuitry to stabilize.
is parallel to the slot and the locator mark on the underneath
8.4 Calibrate the instrument by placing the calibration
side of the specimen is on the opposite side from its location in
weight specified on the upper edge of the blade. The reading
10.7. (See Annex A2, Position 4.)
will be a negative number. Make necessary adjustments as
10.12 Activate the tester and record the maximum reading
directed in the instruction manual.
of the filling/cross direction face down.
8.5 Set the width of the slot by moving the plates to the
10.13 Continue as directed in 10.3-10.12 until all specimens
desired location as directed in the instruction manual. Slot
have been tested.
widthisdeterminedbythefabrictobetested.Mostfabricswill
require a 10 mm (0.40 in.) slot width.
11. Calculation
8.6 Select Quadruple mode usi
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