iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E516-95a(2000)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography

Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide for the testing of the performance of a thermal conductivity detector (TCD) used as the detection component of a gas chromatographic system.
1.2 This practice is directly applicable to thermal conductivity detectors which employ filament (hot wire) or thermistor sensing elements.
1.3 This practice is intended to describe the performance of the detector itself independently of the chromatographic column, in terms which the analyst can use to predict overall system performance when the detector is coupled to the column and other chromatography system components.
1.4 For general gas chromatographic procedures, Practice E260 should be followed except where specific changes are recommended herein for the use of a TCD. For definitions of gas chromatography and its various terms see Practice E355.
1.5 For general information concerning the principles, construction, and operation of TCD see Refs. (1-4).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see Section 4.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1999
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
E13 - Molecular Spectroscopy and Separation Science
Drafting Committee
E13.19 - Separation Science
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E516-95A - Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000
Replaced By
ASTM E516-95a(2005) - Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Sep-2005
Referred By
ASTM E260-96(2019) - Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000
Referred By
ASTM D2887-22e1 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000
Referred By
ASTM E165/E165M-23 - Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000

Buy Standard

ASTM E516-95a(2000) - Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas ChromatographyASTM E516-95a(2000) - Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM E516-95a(2000) - Standard Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas Chromatography
English language
10 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E516–95a (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Practice for
Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors Used in Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E516; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope CGAP-1 Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in Contain-
5
ers
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide for the
CGAG-5.4 Standard for Hydrogen Piping Systems at
testing of the performance of a thermal conductivity detector
5
Consumer Locations
(TCD) used as the detection component of a gas chromato-
5
CGAP-9 The Inert Gases: Argon, Nitrogen and Helium
graphic system.
CGAV-7 Standard Method of Determining CylinderValve
1.2 This practice is directly applicable to thermal conduc-
5
Outlet Connections for Industrial Gas Mixtures
tivity detectors which employ filament (hot wire) or thermistor
5
CGAP-12 Safe Handling of Cryogenic Liquids
sensing elements.
5
HB-3 Handbook of Compressed Gases
1.3 This practice is intended to describe the performance of
the detector itself independently of the chromatographic col-
3. Significance and Use
umn, in terms which the analyst can use to predict overall
3.1 Although it is possible to observe and measure each of
system performance when the detector is coupled to the
the several characteristics of a detector under different and
column and other chromatography system components.
unique conditions, it is the intent of this practice that a
1.4 For general gas chromatographic procedures, Practice
complete set of detector specifications should be obtained at
E260 should be followed except where specific changes are
the same operating conditions. It should be noted also that to
recommended herein for the use of a TCD. For definitions of
specify a detector’s capability completely, its performance
gas chromatography and its various terms see Practice E355.
should be measured at several sets of conditions within the
1.5 For general information concerning the principles, con-
2 useful range of the detector. The terms and tests described in
struction, and operation of TCD see Refs. (1-4).
thispracticearesufficientlygeneralsothattheymaybeusedat
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
whatever conditions may be chosen for other reasons.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Linearity and speed of response of the recorder used
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
should be such that it does not distort or otherwise interfere
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
with the performance of the detector. Effective recorder re-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety
3 sponse,Refs.(5,6)inparticular,shouldbesufficientlyfastthat
information, see Section 4.
itcanbeneglectedinsensitivityofmeasurements.Ifadditional
2. Referenced Documents amplifiers are used between the detector and the final readout
device, their characteristics should also first be established.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
4. Hazards
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Rela-
4 4.1 Gas Handling Safety—Thesafehandlingofcompressed
tionships
gases and cryogenic liquids for use in chromatography is the
2.2 CGA Standards:
responsibility of every laboratory. The Compressed GasAsso-
ciation, (CGA), a member group of specialty and bulk gas
1
suppliers, publishes the following guidelines to assist the
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E13 on Molecular
Spectroscopy and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E13.19 on Chroma-
laboratory chemist to establish a safe work environment.
tography.
Applicable CGA publications include: CGAP-1, CGAG-5.4,
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originally
CGAP-9, CGAV-7, CGAP-12, and HB-3.
published as E516–74. Last previous edition E516–95.
2
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
this practice.
3 5
See Appendix X1. Available from Compressed Gas Association, Inc., 1725 Jefferson Davis
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.01 Highway, Arlington, VA 22202-4100.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E516–95a (2000)
5. Sensitivity (Response) 5.3.2 Calculation of TCD sensitivity by utilizing actual
chromatogramsisnotrecommendedbecauseinsuchacasethe
5.1 Definition:
amount of test substance corresponding to the peak cannot be
5.1.1 Sensitivity (response) of the TCD is the sig
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E2911-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Relative Intensity Correction of Raman Spectrometers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Generally, Raman spectra measured using grating-based dispersive or Fourier transform Raman spectrometers have not been corrected for the instrumental response (spectral responsivity of the detection system). Raman spectra obtained with different instruments may show significant variations in the measured relative peak intensities of a sample compound. This is mainly as a result of differences in their wavelength-dependent optical transmission and detector efficiencies. These variations can be particularly large when widely different laser excitation wavelengths are used, but can occur when the same laser excitation is used and spectra of the same compound are compared between instruments. This is illustrated in Fig. 1, which shows the uncorrected luminescence spectrum of SRM 2241, acquired upon four different commercially available Raman spectrometers operating with 785 nm laser excitation. Instrumental response variations can also occur on the same instrument after a component change or service work has been performed. Each spectrometer, due to its unique combination of filters, grating, collection optics and detector response, has a very unique spectral response. The spectrometer dependent spectral response will of course also affect the shape of Raman spectra acquired upon these systems. The shape of this response is not to be construed as either “good or bad” but is the result of design considerations by the spectrometer manufacturer. For instance, as shown in Fig. 1, spectral coverage can vary considerably between spectrometer systems. This is typically a deliberate tradeoff in spectrometer design, where spectral coverage is sacrificed for enhanced spectral resolution.
FIG. 1 SRM 2241 Measured on Four Commercial Raman Spectrometers Utilizing 785 nm Excitation  
4.2 Variations in spectral peak intensities can be mostly corrected through calibration of the Raman intensity (y) axis. The conventional method of calibration of the spectral response of a Raman...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is designed to enable the user to correct a Raman spectrometer for its relative spectral-intensity response function using NIST Standard Reference Materials2 in the 224X series (currently SRMs 2241, 2242, 2243, 2244, 2245, 2246), or a calibrated irradiance source. This relative intensity correction procedure will enable the intercomparison of Raman spectra acquired from differing instruments, excitation wavelengths, and laboratories.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Because of the significant dangers associated with the use of lasers, ANSI Z136.1 or suitable regional standards should be followed in conjunction with this practice.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E168-16(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quantitative Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices are intended for all infrared spectroscopists. For novices, these practices will serve as an overview of preparation, operation, and calculation techniques. For experienced persons, these practices will serve as a review when seldom-used techniques are needed.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover the techniques most often used in infrared quantitative analysis. Practices associated with the collection and analysis of data on a computer are included as well as practices that do not use a computer.  
1.2 This practice does not purport to address all of the concerns associated with developing a new quantitative method. It is the responsibility of the developer to ensure that the results of the method fall in the desired range of precision and bias.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements appear in Section 6, Note A4.7, Note A4.11, and Note A5.6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E131-10(2023)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy

SCOPE
1.1 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1683-02(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Testing the Performance of Scanning Raman Spectrometers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A scanning Raman spectrometer should be checked regularly to determine if its condition is adequate for routine measurements or if it has changed. This practice is designed to facilitate that determination and, if performance is unsatisfactory, to identify the part of the system that needs attention. These tests apply for single-, double-, or triple-monochromator scanning Raman instruments commercially available. They do not apply for multichannel or Fourier transform instruments, or for gated integrator systems requiring a pulsed laser source. Use of this practice is intended only for trained optical spectroscopists and should be used in conjunction with standard texts.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers routine testing of scanning Raman spectrometer performance and to assist in locating problems when performance has degraded. It is also intended as a guide for obtaining and reporting Raman spectra.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see 7.2.1.  
1.4 Because of the significant dangers associated with the use of lasers, ANSI Z136.1 should be followed in conjunction with this practice.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2529-06(2022)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Testing the Resolution of a Raman Spectrometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Assessment of the spectrometer resolution and instrument line shape (ILS) function of a Raman spectrometer is important for intercomparability of spectra obtained among widely varying spectrometer systems, if spectra are to be transferred among systems, if various sampling accessories are to be used, or if the spectrometer can be operated at more than one laser excitation wavelength.  
4.2 Low-pressure discharge lamps (pen lamps such as mercury, argon, or neon) provide a low-cost means to provide both resolution and wave number calibration for a variety of Raman systems over an extended wavelength range.  
4.3 There are several disadvantages in the use of emission lines for this purpose, however.  
4.3.1 First, it may be difficult to align the lamps properly with the sample position leading to distortion of the line, especially if the entrance slit of the spectrometer is underfilled or not symmetrically illuminated.  
4.3.2 Second, many of the emission sources have highly dense spectra that may complicate both resolution and wave number calibration, especially on low-resolution systems.  
4.3.3 Third, a significant contributor to line broadening of Raman spectral features may be the excitation laser line width itself, a component that is not assessed when evaluating the spectrometer resolution with pen lamps.  
4.3.4 An alternative would use a Raman active compound in place of the emission source. This compound should be chemically inert, stable, and safe and ideally should provide Raman bands that are evenly distributed from 0 cm-1 (Raman shift) to the C-H stretching region 3000 cm-1 and above. These Raman bands should be of varying bandwidth.  
4.4 To date, no such ideal sample has been identified; however carbon tetrachloride (see Practice E1683) and naphthalene (see Guide E1840) have been used previously for both resolution and Raman shift calibration.  
4.5 The use of calcite to assess the resolution of a Raman system will be addressed in this guide...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is designed for routine testing and assessment of the spectral resolution of Raman spectrometers using either a low-pressure arc lamp emission lines or a calibrated Raman band of calcite.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Because of the significant dangers associated with the use of lasers, ANSI Z136.1 shall be followed in conjunction with this practice.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E169-16(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practices for General Techniques of Ultraviolet-Visible Quantitative Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices are a source of general information on the techniques of ultraviolet and visible quantitative analyses. They provide the user with background information that should help ensure the reliability of spectrophotometric measurements.  
4.2 These practices are not intended as a substitute for a thorough understanding of any particular analytical method. It is the responsibility of the users to familiarize themselves with the critical details of a method and the proper operation of the available instrumentation.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices are intended to provide general information on the techniques most often used in ultraviolet and visible quantitative analysis. The purpose is to render unnecessary the repetition of these descriptions of techniques in individual methods for quantitative analysis.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2719-09(2022)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Fluorescence—Instrument Calibration and Qualification

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 By following the general guidelines (Section 5) and instrument calibration methods (Sections 6 – 16) in this guide, users should be able to more easily conform to good laboratory and manufacturing practices (GXP) and comply with regulatory and QA/QC requirements, related to fluorescence measurements.  
4.2 Each instrument parameter needing calibration (for example, wavelength, spectral responsivity) is treated in a separate section. A list of different calibration methods is given for each instrument parameter with a brief usage procedure. Precautions, achievable precision and accuracy, and other useful information are also given for each method to allow users to make a more informed decision as to which method is the best choice for their calibration needs. Additional details for each method can be found in the references given.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide (1)2 lists the available materials and methods for each type of calibration or correction for fluorescence instruments (spectral emission correction, wavelength accuracy, and so forth) with a general description, the level of quality, precision and accuracy attainable, limitations, and useful references given for each entry.  
1.2 The listed materials and methods are intended for the qualification of fluorometers as part of complying with regulatory and other quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) requirements.  
1.3 Precision and accuracy or uncertainty are given at a 1 σ confidence level and are approximated in cases where these values have not been well established.3  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E925-09(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Monitoring the Calibration of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometers whose Spectral Bandwidth does not Exceed 2 nm

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice permits an analyst to compare the performance of an instrument to the manufacturer's supplied performance specifications and to verify its suitability for continued routine use. It also provides generation of calibration monitoring data on a periodic basis, forming a base from which any changes in the performance of the instrument will be evident.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the parameters of spectrophotometric performance that are critical for testing the adequacy of instrumentation for most routine tests and methods2 within the wavelength range of 200 nm to 700 nm and the absorbance range of 0 to 2. The recommended tests provide a measurement of the important parameters controlling results in spectrophotometric methods, but it is specifically not to be inferred that all factors in instrument performance are measured.  
1.2 This practice may be used as a significant test of the performance of instruments for which the spectral bandwidth does not exceed 2 nm and for which the manufacturer's specifications for wavelength and absorbance accuracy do not exceed the performance tolerances employed here. This practice employs an illustrative tolerance of ±1 % relative for the error of the absorbance scale over the range of 0.2 to 2.0, and of ±1.0 nm for the error of the wavelength scale. A suggested maximum stray radiant power ratio of 4 × 10-4 yields E275 to extensively evaluate the performance of an instrument.  
1.3 This practice should be performed on a periodic basis, the frequency of which depends on the physical environment within which the instrumentation is used. Thus, units handled roughly or used under adverse conditions (exposed to dust, chemical vapors, vibrations, or combinations thereof) should be tested more frequently than those not exposed to such conditions. This practice should also be performed after any significant repairs are made on a unit, such as those involving the optics, detector, or radiant energy source.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2143-01(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Using Field-Portable Fiber Optics Synchronous Fluorescence Spectrometer for Quantification of Field Samples for Aromatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This technique is designed for on-site rapid screening and characterization of environmental soil and water samples resulting in significant cost savings for environmental remediation projects. Remote analysis can be made with optical fibers when situations warrant or demand use of this option.  
5.2 Quantification of total AHs and PAHs in these environmental samples is accomplished by having a subset of the samples analyzed by an alternate technique and generating a site-specific calibration curve.  
5.3 Synchronous fluorescence provides sufficient spectral information to characterize the AHs and PAHs present as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene(s) (BTEX), the aromatic portion of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), or large aromatic ring systems up to at least seven fused rings, such as might be found in creosote.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a rapid method for the screening of environmental samples for aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The screening takes place in the field and provides immediate feedback on limits of contamination by substances containing AHs and PAHs. Quantification is obtained by the use of appropriately characterized, site-specific calibration curves. Remote sensing by use of optical fibers is useful for accessing difficult to reach areas or potentially dangerous materials or situations. When contamination of field personnel by dangerous materials is a possibility, use of remote sensors may minimize or eliminate the likelihood of such contamination taking place.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to AHs and PAHs present in samples extracted from soils or in water. This test method is applicable for field screening or, with an appropriate calibration, quantification of total AHs and PAHs.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1865-97(2021)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Open-Path Fourier Transform Infrared (OP/FT-IR) Monitoring of Gases and Vapors in Air

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended for users of OP/FT-IR monitors. Applications of OP/FT-IR systems include monitoring for hazardous air pollutants in ambient air, along the perimeter of an industrial facility, at hazardous waste sites and landfills, in response to accidental chemical spills or releases, and in workplace environments.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers active open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FT-IR) monitors and provides guidelines for using active OP/FT-IR monitors to obtain concentrations of gases and vapors in air.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    19 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off