ASTM D4565-99(2004)e1

Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Dimensional measurements, properly interpreted, provide information with regard to the conductors, insulation, or jacket. The dimensional measurements provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejection under specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the physical testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on telecommunications wire and cable and the testing of physical characteristics and environmental performance properties of completed products. To determine the procedure to be used on the particular insulation or jacket or on the completed wire or cable, reference should be made to the specification for that product.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections of this standard:
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where only SI units are given.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific caution statement see .
1.4 Dimensional measurements include, but are not limited to measurements of insulation and jacket thicknesses, tape and armor thicknesses, conductor diameters, DODs, core diameters, overall diameters, etc.
1.5 Physical and environmental tests for insulations and jackets include, but are not limited to determination of some or all of the properties covered in Sections .
1.6 Physical and environmental tests of completed wire and cable include but are not limited to determination of some or all of the properties covered in Sections .

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1999
• ICS: 29.035.01 - Insulating materials in general
• Technical Committee: D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4565-99 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Replaced By: ASTM D4565-10 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5885/D5885M-20 - Standard Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Polyolefin Geosynthetics by High-Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E1860-23 - Standard Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4731-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Hot-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E2009-23 - Standard Test Methods for Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4732-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Cool-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E1858-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E2070-13(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E2046-19 - Standard Test Method for Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4730-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Flooding Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
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Designation: D4565 – 99 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Methods for
Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of
Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and
Cable
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4565; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Non-mandatory language was replaced throughout editorially in November 2004.
1. Scope
Jacket bonding tests 29
Procedure Sections
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the physical
Jacket notch test 32
testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on tele-
Jacket peel or pull 28
Jacket slip strength test 30
communications wire and cable and the testing of physical
Pressure test (air core wire and cable only) 40
characteristics and environmental performance properties of
Sheath adherance test 31
completed products. To determine the procedure to be used on
Water penetration test (filled core wire and cable only) 41
Wire and cable bending test 34
the particular insulation or jacket or on the completed wire or
Wire breaking strength 37
cable, reference should be made to the specification for that
1.3 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
product.
as the standard except where only SI units are given.
1.2 Thetestmethodsappearinthefollowingsectionsofthis
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Procedure Sections
Dimensional measurements of insulations, jackets,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
miscellaneous cable components, and of completed cable 4-9
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Cross-sectional areas 9
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Forspecificcaution
Diameters 6
Eccentricity 8
statement see 19.1.
Thickness 7
Physical and environmental tests of insulation and jackets 10-25
2. Referenced Documents
Aging test (jackets only) 24
Cold bend (insulation only) 16
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Environmental stress crack (polyolefin jackets only) 21
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
Heat distortion (jackets only) 22
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
Heat shock (jackets only) 23
Insulation adhesion 19
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates ofThermoplastics
Insulation and jacket shrinkback (oven test) 14
by Extrusion Plastometer
Insulation compression 20
D1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion
Insulation shrinkback (solder test) 15
Melt flow rate change—polyolefin materials 12
Materials for Wire and Cable
Oil immersion test (jackets only) 25
D1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of
Oxygen induction time (polyolefin insulation only) 17
Ethylene Plastics
Oxygen induction time (cable filling compound only) 18
Tensile and elongation tests 13
D2633 Test Methods for Thermoplastic Insulations and
Physical and environmental tests of insulations and jackets of
Jackets for Wire and Cable
completed wire and cable 26-42
D3032 Test Methods for Hookup Wire Insulation
Cable Torsion Test 38
Compound flow test (filled core wire and cable only) 42
D4731 Specification for Hot-Application Filling Com-
Corrugation extensibility test 36
pounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Cable impact test 33
D4732 Specification for Cool-Application Filling Com-
pounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
SubcommitteeD09.18onSolidInsulations,Non-MetallicShieldingsandCoverings
for Electrical and Telecommunication Wires and Cables. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 4, 2004. Published June 1999. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 1994 as D4565–94 . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4565-99R04E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4565 – 99 (2004)
Determine Conformance with Specifications DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENTS OF
INSULATIONS, JACKETS, MISCELLANEOUS
E171 Specification for Atmospheres for Conditioning and
CABLE COMPONENTS AND COMPLETED
Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
CABLES
3. Terminology
4. Scope
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.1 Dimensional measurements include, but are not limited
3.1.1 air core—products in which the air spaces between
to measurements of insulation and jacket thicknesses, tape and
cable core components (pairs, etc.) remain in their unfilled or
armor thicknesses, conductor diameters, DODs, core diam-
natural state.
eters, overall diameters, etc.
3.1.2 armored wire or cable—a wire or cable in which the
5. Significance and Use
shielded or jacketed or shielded and jacketed wire or cable is
completelyenclosedbyametalliccoveringdesignedtoprotect 5.1 Dimensional measurements, properly interpreted, pro-
the underlying telecommunications elements from mechanical
vide information with regard to the conductors, insulation, or
damage. jacket. The dimensional measurements provide data for re-
search and development, engineering design, quality control,
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Shielding or armoring, or both may be
and acceptance or rejection under specifications.
selected from a variety of materials (for example, aluminum,
copper, steel) and may be applied in a variety of ways (for
6. Diameters
example, helically wrapped, longitudinally applied, applied
6.1 Measure diameters of essentially round items (such as
corrugated or smooth).
insulated or uninsulated conductors) using any type of mi-
3.1.3 cable, telecommunications—products of six or more
crometer reading to at least 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) with each
pair.
division of a width that facilitates estimation of each measure-
3.1.4 DOD—an abbreviation for “Diameter over Dielec-
ment to 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm). Take a minimum of two
tric.” This is a short term to refer to the overall diameter over
readings, essentially at right angles to each other, and average
an insulated conductor.
the results.
3.1.5 filled core—those products in which air spaces are
6.2 In case of dispute, optical methods as described in Test
filled with some materials intended to exclude air or moisture,
Methods D3032 shall be used as the referee method.
or both.
NOTE 1—For insulated conductors with dual insulation (for example,
3.1.6 gopher-resistant—a wire or cable that resists the
foam-skin),theDODoftheinnerlayermustbemeasuredusingtheoptical
attack of gophers when installed directly buried.
methods of Test Methods D3032.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Telecommunications wire and cable
6.3 Measure the approximate or effective diameters of
products intended for direct burial in the earth are normally
non-circular cross sections (such as, irregular or oval cables or
rated as either “gopher-resistant” or “non-gopher-resistant.”
cable cores) by the use of strap gages.
User selection of products for burial will depend upon the
6.4 Precision and Bias—The precision and bias of this
anticipated gopher protection needed for the planned installa-
method for measuring diameters are in accordance with Test
tion site. The gopher-resistant rating is assigned based upon
Methods D2633.
test evaluations (evaluations are commonly performed by the
Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior,
7. Thicknesses
Denver, CO).
7.1 Measureinsulationthicknessusingappropriatemethods
3.1.7 non-gopher-resistant—a wire or cable that is not
specified in Test Methods D2633, except that the micrometer
designed to resist gopher attack (see 3.1.6).
accuracy described in 6.1 is required. A pin gage having the
3.1.8 pair—two insulated conductors combined with a
accuracy of the micrometers as specified in 6.1 is acceptable
twist.
for thickness measurements made on tubular sections of
3.1.9 sheath—the jacket and any underlying layers of
insulation removed from conductors. Optical methods (as
shield, armor, or other intermediate material down to but not
specified in 6.2) are also permitted.
including the core wrap.
7.2 Measure jacket thickness using appropriate methods
3.1.10 shielded wire or cable—a wire or cable in which the
specified in Test Methods D2633, except that the micrometer
core (or inner jacket) is completely enclosed by a metallic
accuracy specified in 6.1 is required. In determining the
covering designed to shield the core from electrostatic or
thickness of jackets applied over corrugated shields or armors,
electromagnetic interference.
measurements must be made in the corrugation impressions
3.1.11 wire, telecommunications—products containing less (thinnestjacketspots).Opticalmethods(asspecifiedin6.2)are
than six pair.
also permitted.
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D4565 – 99 (2004)
7.3 Precision and Bias—The precision and bias of this scribedbytheproductspecification.Ifpossible,obtainsamples
method for measuring thickness are in accordance with Test ofrawmaterialsbeforeorduringtheextrusionprocess(but not
Methods D2633. after heating). Since insulating and jacketing raw materials are
normally obtained and used in bulk, it is usually difficult if not
NOTE 2—For designated purposes (such as, process control, etc.),
impossible to relate a particular lot of raw material with a
continuous uniformity thickness gages or measuring devices may be
particular reel of finished wire or cable; accordingly, average
employed during processing to provide running records of jacket thick-
raw materials values shall be established as necessary for an
nesses. Record charts are normally maintained for a minimum of six
months.
appropriatemanufacturingtimeframe,unlessotherwiseagreed
upon between the producer and the purchaser.
8. Eccentricity
12.2 Insulation Material—Perform tests on insulation re-
8.1 Calculate eccentricity using measured thickness values
moved from finished conductors. Note that thin wall and fine
for insulation or jacket, or both.
gage insulations shall be handled carefully because of en-
8.2 Calculate absolute eccentricity, E , of insulation or
ab trapped air. In the case of insulation in filled cable, the
jacket, or both as follows:
preferred method is to obtain insulating material from conduc-
tors before they are exposed to the filling operation. If
E 5 ~Maximum Thickness! 2 ~MinimumThickness! (1)
ab
necessary, conductors obtained from completed filled cable
shall be wiped dry and free of grease or foreign material using
8.3 Calculate percent eccentricity, E , of insulation or
%
a dry cloth (without solvent). Chop the insulation, stripped
jacket, or both as follows:
fromaconductor,asnecessarytoobtainspecimenssuitablefor
MaxThickness 2 MinThickness
~ ! ~ !
testing(approximately3gofmaterialisrequiredforeachtest).
E 5 3100 ~%! (2)
%
~AverageThickness!
TestthechoppedmaterialasrequiredbyTestMethodD1238to
8.4 Precision and Bias—The precision and bias of this
determine a melt flow rate. Run three tests and average the
method of measuring eccentricity are in accordance with Test
results.Standardconditionsoftestshallbeasindicatedin12.1.
Methods D2633.
12.3 Jacket Material—Jacket material used for this test
must be free of filling or flooding compound. Soft filling or
9. Cross-Sectional Areas
flooding compounds shall be removed by thoroughly wiping
9.1 When needed, determine cross-sectional areas (usually
the jacket specimen using a clean dry cloth (without solvent);
insulations or jackets only) using the methods outlined in Test
harder filling or flooding compounds shall be removed by
Methods D2633, except that the dimensions used in the
cutting.Buffingispermittedtobeusedasafinishingoperation
calculations must be maintained to the accuracy specified in
to ensure clean and dry specimens. Use jacketing material
6.1.
removed from completed cable for performing tests. Chop the
9.2 Precision and Bias—The precision and bias of this
jacket material removed from the cable as is necessary to
method for measuring cross-section areas are as specified in
obtain specimens suitable for testing (approximately3gof
Test Methods D2633.
materialisrequiredforeachtest).Testthechoppedmaterialas
required by Test Method D1238 to determine a melt flow rate.
PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS OF
Run three tests and average the results. Standard conditions of
INSULATIONS AND JACKETS
test shall be as indicated in 12.1.
12.4 Calculation—Calculate the percent increase in flow
10. Scope
rate as follows:
10.1 Physical and environmental tests for insulations and
M 2 M
2 1
jacketsinclude,butarenotlimitedtodeterminationofsomeor
I 5 3100 (3)
M
all of the properties covered in Sections 12-25.
where:
11. Significance and Use
I = increase,%,
M = melt index of raw material, and
11.1 Physical tests, properly interpreted, provide informa-
M = melt index of material from the finished cable.
tion with regard to the physical properties of the insulation or
12.5 Precision and Bias—The precision and bias of this
jacket. The physical test values give an approximation of how
method for measuring melt-flow rate changes are basically in
the insulation will physically perform in its service life.
accordance with Test Method D1238.
Physical tests provide data for research and development,
engineeringdesign,qualitycontrol,andacceptanceorrejection
13. Tensile and Elongation Tests
under specifications.
13.1 Insulation Material—Provide test specimens by re-
12. Melt Flow Rate Change—Polyolefin Materials
moving insulation from finished conductors. (See Test Speci-
12.1 Raw Material Baseline—Melt flow rate for insulation men section of Test Methods D2633 for methods of removing
and jacket materials obtained from finished cable must be the conductor.) Perform tests in accordance with Test Method
compared with the flow rates for corresponding raw materials. D638 to determine such properties as tensile strength (nomi-
Determine the flow rates for the basic insulating and jacketing nal), yield strength, and percentage elongation at break. The
raw materials in accordance with the requirements of Test speed of testing shall be as prescribed by the product specifi-
Method D1238. Standard conditions of test shall be as pre- cations.
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D4565 – 99 (2004)
13.2 Jacket Material—Provide test specimens
...