ASTM D5800-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The evaporation loss is of particular importance in engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of an oil can evaporate.
Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allowable evaporation loss.
Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maximum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along with the specifications.
Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination of their physical and chemical properties. Elemental analysis of the collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying components such as phosphorous, which has been linked to premature degradation of the emission system catalyst.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower results versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5800–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determin-
Lubricants
ing the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equip-
DIN 1725 Specification for Aluminum Alloys
ment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal
DIN 12785 Specifications for Glass Thermometers
Noack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-
Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one
3. Terminology
set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conditions when required.
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B
method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is
show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower
heated in a test crucible through which a constant flow of air is
results versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while
drawn.
Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evapo-
standard.
ration crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250°C
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with a constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
loss in mass of the oil is determined.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
results, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the
2. Referenced Documents research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in
Petroleum Products
engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
an oil can evaporate.
Petroleum Products
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allow-
Measurement System Performance
able evaporation loss.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maxi-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on mum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
with the specifications.
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
5.5 Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5800–05. DOI:
10.1520/D5800-08.
oftheirphysicalandchemicalproperties.Elementalanalysisof
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Deutsches Institut für Normunge, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burg-
the ASTM website. grafen Strasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, Germany.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D5800–08
NOTE 1—Some manometers use water as the reference fluid, others
the collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying compo-
may use a lower density fluid correlated to read in millimetres of water.
nentssuchasphosphorous,whichhasbeenlinkedtopremat
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5800–05 Designation:D5800–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils).
Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative
apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating conditions
but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower results
versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on basestocks.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Measurement System Performance
D 6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
DIN 1725 Specification for Aluminum Alloys
DIN 12785 Specifications for Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is heated
in a test crucible through which a constant flow of air is drawn.
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evaporation crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250°C with a
constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. The loss in mass of the oil is determined.
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that ProcedureA, Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent results, with
2
a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Theevaporationlossisofparticularimportanceinenginelubrication.Wherehightemperaturesoccur,portionsofanoilcan
evaporate.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06.0BD02.06 on Physical Testing. Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved JuneMay 1, 2005.2008. Published July 2005.May 2008. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20042005 as
D5800–04a.D 5800–05.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Deutsches Institut für Normunge, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafen Strasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, Germany.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5800–08
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allowable evaporation loss.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maximum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test
...
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