ASTM E2458-17
(Practice)Standard Practices for Bulk Sample Collection and Swab Sample Collection of Visible Powders Suspected of Being Biological Agents and Toxins from Nonporous Surfaces
Standard Practices for Bulk Sample Collection and Swab Sample Collection of Visible Powders Suspected of Being Biological Agents and Toxins from Nonporous Surfaces
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices should be used only to collect visible samples that are suspected biological agents and toxins and have been field screened as defined by the FBI-DHS-HHS/CDC Coordinated Document for explosive hazard, radiological hazard, and other acute chemical hazards.
4.2 These practices provide standardized methods for collecting, packaging, and transporting suspicious visible powder samples that are suspected biological agents and toxins. Collection of a bulk powder material from a nonporous surface using a sterile swab and laminated card as the collection devices to move the material into a container will depend on several factors, including (but not limited to): (1) amount of visible powder present; (2) sample composition; (3) choice of collection device; (4) size and shape of the collection container; (5) ability of the powder to become aerosolized; (6) texture and porosity of the surface; (7) humidity; (8) air movement; and (9) electrostatic properties of powders and collection tools/containers.
4.3 Similarly, these practices standardize methods for sampling suspicious visible powders for on-site analysis, although wipe and swab sampling is often employed in the field for subsequent LRN reference laboratory analysis. The ability to collect suitable samples from nonporous surfaces using a sterile moistened swab will depend on the following factors: (1) swabbing procedure; (2) swab material; (3) sample composition; and (4) texture of the surface.
4.4 These practices standardize suspicious powder collection and packaging procedures and swab sampling procedures in order to reduce exposure risk, to reduce variability associated with sample handling and sample analysis, and to increase reliability of sampling visible powder samples from nonporous surfaces.
4.5 The bulk sample collection practice and the swab sampling practice are recommended for collecting amassed or dispersed powder samples from all nonporous surfaces on which the suspicious po...
SCOPE
1.1 These practices address collection of visible powders that are suspected biological agents and toxins from solid nonporous surfaces using a bulk collection method, using a dry swab and laminated card, followed by a swab sampling method using a sterile moistened swab. Bulk powder samples are collected and packaged in a manner that permits the maximum amount of the sample to be safely transported to a reference laboratory within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) national Laboratory Response Network (LRN)2 for confirmatory identification and safe storage. If the source of the powder is a letter or small package, that item is also packaged in a manner that permits it to be safely transported to an LRN reference laboratory. A sterile moistened swab may be used to collect residual powder from the nonporous surface and may be used to conduct on-site biological assessments for the purpose of testing for biological agents and toxins.
1.2 These practices are performed in coordination with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) as part of a risk assessment including hazard assessment and threat credibility evaluation as recommended and clarified in Guide E2770. The decision to implement these practices and collect a public safety sample will be made by members of the response community of the jurisdiction assuming responsibility through coordination with the FBI and the receiving LRN reference laboratory.
1.3 Sample Collection Method A covers the bulk collection and packaging of suspicious visible powders that are suspected biological agents and toxins from solid nonporous surfaces. All samples suspected to be biological agents and toxins on nonporous surfaces should be collected according to Sample Collection Method A and sent to an LRN reference laboratory for confirmatory testing.
1.4 Sample Collection Method B covers swab sampling of residual suspicious powders that are suspected biological ag...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2458 − 17
Standard Practices for
Bulk Sample Collection and Swab Sample Collection of
Visible Powders Suspected of Being Biological Agents and
1
Toxins from Nonporous Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2458; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Collection Method A and sent to an LRN reference laboratory
for confirmatory testing.
1.1 These practices address collection of visible powders
that are suspected biological agents and toxins from solid 1.4 Sample Collection Method B covers swab sampling of
nonporoussurfacesusingabulkcollectionmethod,usingadry residual suspicious powders that are suspected biological
swabandlaminatedcard,followedbyaswabsamplingmethod agents and toxins from solid nonporous surfaces. Swab
using a sterile moistened swab. Bulk powder samples are samplescanbeusedforon-sitebiologicalassessment;however
collected and packaged in a manner that permits the maximum results from on-site biological assessments are not definitive;
amount of the sample to be safely transported to a reference confirmatory testing by the LRN reference laboratory is
laboratory within the Centers for Disease Control and Preven- necessary to make public health decisions.
2
tion (CDC) national Laboratory Response Network (LRN) for
1.5 These practices incorporate reference guidance for
confirmatoryidentificationandsafestorage.Ifthesourceofthe
packaging and transport of suspicious visible powders to
powder is a letter or small package, that item is also packaged
comply with all appropriate federal regulations regarding
in a manner that permits it to be safely transported to an LRN
biosafety and biosecurity.
reference laboratory. A sterile moistened swab may be used to
1.6 These practices should only be used to collect visible
collectresidualpowderfromthenonporoussurfaceandmaybe
samples that are suspected biological agents and toxins and
used to conduct on-site biological assessments for the purpose
have been field screened according to reference guidance for
of testing for biological agents and toxins.
explosivehazard,radiologicalhazard,andotheracutechemical
1.2 These practices are performed in coordination with the
hazards.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) as part of a risk
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
assessment including hazard assessment and threat credibility
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
evaluation as recommended and clarified in Guide E2770. The
only.
decision to implement these practices and collect a public
safety sample will be made by members of the response 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility
community of the jurisdiction assuming responsibility through
coordination with the FBI and the receiving LRN reference of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
laboratory.
limitations prior to use.
1.3 Sample Collection MethodAcovers the bulk collection
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
and packaging of suspicious visible powders that are suspected
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
biologicalagentsandtoxinsfromsolidnonporoussurfaces.All
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
samples suspected to be biological agents and toxins on
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
nonporous surfaces should be collected according to Sample
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on
2. Referenced Documents
Homeland Security Applications and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E54.01 on CBRNE Sensors and Detectors.
Current edition approved May 15, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2458 – 10. DOI:
3
10.1520/E2458-17. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2
The CDC Laboratory Response Network is the network responsible for contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
handling clinical specimens and environmental samples containing suspected Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
biothrea
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2458 − 10 E2458 − 17
Standard Practices for
Bulk Sample Collection and Swab Sample Collection of
Visible Powders Suspected of Being BiothreatBiological
1
Agents and Toxins from Nonporous Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2458; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These practices address collection of visible powders that are suspected biothreatbiological agents and toxins from solid
nonporous surfaces using a bulk collection method, using a dry swab and laminated card, followed by a swab sampling method
using a sterile moistened swab. Bulk powder samples are collected and packaged in a manner that permits the maximum amount
of the sample to be safely transported to a reference laboratory within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
2
national Laboratory Response Network (LRN) for confirmatory identification and safe storage. If the source of the powder is a
letter or small package, that item is also packaged in a manner that permits it to be safely transported to an LRN reference
laboratory. A sterile moistened swab may be used to collect residual powder from the nonporous surface and may be used to
conduct on-site biological assessments for the purpose of testing for biothreat agents.biological agents and toxins.
1.2 These practices are performed in coordination with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) as part of a risk assessment
including hazard assessment and threat credibility evaluation as recommended and clarified in Guide E2770. The decision to
implement these practices and collect a public safety sample will be made by members of the response community of the
jurisdiction assuming responsibility through coordination with the FBI and the receiving LRN reference laboratory.
1.3 Sample Collection Method A covers the bulk collection and packaging of suspicious visible powders that are suspected
biothreatbiological agents and toxins from solid nonporous surfaces. All samples suspected to be biothreatbiological agents and
toxins on nonporous surfaces should be collected according to Sample Collection Method A and sent to aan LRN reference
laboratory for confirmatory testing.
1.4 Sample Collection Method B covers swab sampling of residual suspicious powders that are suspected biothreatbiological
agents and toxins from solid nonporous surfaces. Swab samples can be used for on-site biological assessment; however results
from on-site biological assessments are not definitive; confirmatory testing by the LRN reference laboratory is necessary to make
public health decisions.
1.5 These practices incorporate reference guidance for packaging and transport of suspicious visible powders to comply with
all appropriate federal regulations regarding biosafety and biosecurity.
1.6 These practices should only be used to collect visible samples that are suspected biothreatbiological agents and toxins and
have been field screened according to reference guidance for explosive hazard, radiological hazard, and other acute chemical
hazards.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Homeland Security Applications and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E54.01 on
CBRNE Sensors and Detectors.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 15, 2017. Published November 2010June 2017. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
E2458 – 06.E2458 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/E2458-10.10.1520/E2458-17.
2
The CDC Laboratory Response Network is the network responsible for handling clinical specimens and environmen
...
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