ASTM C896-11

Standard Terminology Relating to Clay Products

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2011
• ICS: 01.040.91 - Construction materials and building (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C04 - Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C04.10 - Editorial

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C896-04(2009) - Standard Terminology Relating to Clay Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM C896-13 - Standard Terminology Relating to Clay Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C4-04(2018) - Standard Specification for Clay Drain Tile and Perforated Clay Drain Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1208/C1208M-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe and Joints for Use in Microtunneling, Sliplining, Pipe Bursting, and Tunnels
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C301-18(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2266-22 - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Low-Rise Frame Building Wall Systems to Resist Water Intrusion
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1283-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Installing Clay Flue Lining
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C12-22a - Standard Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C315-07(2021) - Standard Specification for Clay Flue Liners and Chimney Pots
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C700-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C425-22 - Standard Specification for Compression Joints for Vitrified Clay Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C828-23 - Standard Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C159-06(2021) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Filter Blocks
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1091-03a(2022) - Standard Test Method for Hydrostatic Infiltration Testing of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C896 − 11
StandardTerminology Relating to
1
Clay Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Referenced Documents beveled pipe—a pipe with an end angled to mate with a
2
complimentary pipe end or adjust to another surface.
1.1 ASTM Standards:
C301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
blister—a convex, raised area on the pipe surface indicating an
C700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength,
internal separation.
Standard Strength, and Perforated
body—See pipe body.
2. Terminology
chip—a small piece of broken-off material, or the location
where a small piece of the unit material has been broken off.
approving authority—the individual official, board,
department, or agency established and authorized by a state,
clay—an earthy or stony mineral aggregate consisting essen-
county, city, or other political subdivision, created by law to
tially of hydrous silicates of alumina, plastic when suffi-
administer and enforce specified requirements.
ciently pulverized and wetted, rigid when dry, and vitreous
when fired to a sufficiently high temperature.
backfill—all the material used to fill the trench from bedding
to finished surface.
closure—See compression joint.
backfill, final—material used to fill the trench from initial compaction—mechanical or hydraulic consolidation of back-
fill to achieve stability.
backfill to finished surface.
backfill, initial—material used to fill the trench from top of
compression coupling—See compression joint.
bedding to a designated height over the pipe.
compression disk—a disk of compressible material placed
between the ends of adjacent pipe for the purpose of
backfill, unconsolidated—non-compacted material in place in
distributing the jacking force.
the trench.
compression joint—a joint designed so that a sealing action is
barrel—the cylindrical portion of a vitrified clay pipe exclu-
obtained by compressing elastomeric components.
sive of branches, spurs, joints, and handling rings or lugs.
bearing strength—the non-destructive limit of pipe load, as conduit—a pipe for conveying fluid.
determinedby3-edgebearingtestmethod,usedtodetermine
consolidation—the gradual reduction in volume of backfill
field supporting strength.
matter to achieve stability.
bedding—the materials, their placement, consolidation, and
constant weight—the condition of a substance in which all
configuration, as designed to support, and to develop field
volatile components have been vaporized, and repeated
supporting strength of vitrified clay pipe.
exposure to a specified temperature, for any period of time,
bell—the flared-end portion of a vitrified clay pipe or fitting,
causes no change in weight.
designed to function in the joining of other such pipe.
controlled low strength material (CLSM)—flowable low
compressive strength cementitious material used in the pipe
zone as a bedding material. Also referred to as controlled
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 on
Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.10 on density fill, flowable fill, slurry, or lean concrete.
Editorial.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
crack—an irregular separation with well-defined sharp edges
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C896 – 04 (2009).
visible on the surface of a pipe.
DOI: 10.1520/C0896-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
deadload—the load imposed on pipe, that is determined by
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
depth and width of the trench at top of pipe, as well as unit
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. weight and character of backfill material.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C896 − 11
drains—a piping system used to collect and carry off surface jacking force—the force applied to the pipe along the longi-
and ground water. tudinal axis of the pipeline by the pipe jacking equipment.
encasement—special materials, their placement and configu- jetting—a means of compacting trench backfill by the intro-
ration which are designed to fully surround the pipe, and duction of water under pressure through a nozzle.
develop a field supporting strength which exceeds that
joint—an individual length of pipe, or the means of closure to
developed by other commonly
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C896–04 (Reapproved 2009) Designation: C896 – 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Clay Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 ASTM Standards:
C301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
C700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated
2. Terminology
approving authority—the individual official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by a state, county, city, or
other political subdivision, created by law to administer and enforce specified requirements.
backfill—all the material used to fill the trench from bedding to finished surface.
backfill, final—material used to fill the trench from initial backfill to finished surface.
backfill, initial—material used to fill the trench from top of bedding to a designated height over the pipe.
backfill, unconsolidated—non-compacted material in place in the trench.
barrel—the cylindrical portion of a vitrified clay pipe exclusive of branches, spurs, joints, and handling rings or lugs.
bearing strength—the non-destructive limit of pipe load, as determined by 3-edge bearing test method, used to determine field
supporting strength.
bedding—the materials, their placement, consolidation, and configuration, as designed to support, and to develop field supporting
strength of vitrified clay pipe.
bell—the flared-end portion of a vitrified clay pipe or fitting, designed to function in the joining of other such pipe.
beveled pipe—a pipe with an end angled to mate with a complimentary pipe end or adjust to another surface.
blister—a convex, raised area on the pipe surface indicating an internal separation.
body—See pipe body.
chip—a small piece of broken-off material, or the location where a small piece of the unit material has been broken off.
clay—an earthy or stony mineral aggregate consisting essentially of hydrous silicates of alumina, plastic when sufficiently
pulverized and wetted, rigid when dry, and vitreous when fired to a sufficiently high temperature.
closure—See compression joint.
compaction—mechanical or hydraulic consolidation of backfill to achieve stability.
compression coupling—See compression joint.
compression disk—a disk of compressible material placed between the ends of adjacent pipe for the purpose of distributing the
jacking force.
compression joint—a joint designed so that a sealing action is obtained by compressing elastomeric components.
conduit—a pipe for conveying fluid.
consolidation—the gradual reduction in volume of backfill matter to achieve stability.
constant weight—the condition of a substance in which all volatile components have been vaporized, and repeated exposure to
a specified temperature, for any period of time, causes no change in weight.
controlled low strength material (CLSM)—flowable low compressive strength cementitious material used in the pipe zone as
a bedding material. Also referred to as controlled density fill, flowable fill, slurry, or lean concrete.
crack—an irregular separation with well-defined sharp edges visible on the surface of a pipe.
deadload—the load imposed on pipe, that is determined by depth and width of the trench at top of pipe, as well as unit weight
and character of backfill material.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 on Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.10 on Editorial.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C896–04. DOI:
10.1520/C0896-04R09.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C896 – 04 (2009). DOI:
10.1520/C0896-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C896 – 11
drains—a piping system used to collect and carry off surface and ground water.
encase
...