ASTM D5433-00

Standard Performance Specification for Towel Products for Institutional and Household Use (Withdrawn 2009)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific performance characteristics of importance in woven and knitted kitchen towel, dishcloth, crash towel, huck towel, washcloth, hand towel, bath towel, and bath sheet products for use in institutional and household environments.
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing specification requirements.
1.3 The requirements in Tables 1 and 2 apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 This specification is not applicable for coated and laminated products, nonwoven products, or terry fabrics used for apparel.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This performance specification covers the evaluation of specific performance characteristics of importance in woven and knitted kitchen towel, dishcloth, crash towel, huck towel, washcloth, hand towel, bath towel, and bath sheet products for use in institutional and household environments.  
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D13 on Textiles, this performance specification was withdrawn in October 2009 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2000
• Withdrawal Date: 26-Oct-2009
• ICS: 97.160 - Home textiles. Linen
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.63 - Home Furnishings

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5433-12 - Standard Performance Specification for Towel Products for Institutional and Household Use
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
• Effective Date: 10-May-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D4772-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Surface Water Absorption of Terry Fabrics (Water Flow)
• Effective Date: 10-May-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5433 – 00
Standard Performance Specification for
Towel Products for Institutional and Household Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5433; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather Products
D3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific
Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
performance characteristics of importance in woven and knit-
D3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—
ted kitchen towel, dishcloth, crash towel, huck towel, wash-
Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
cloth, hand towel, bath towel, and bath sheet products for use
D3882 Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and
in institutional and household environments.
Knitted Fabrics
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement
D3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-
between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing
tions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
specification requirements.
D4390 NO TITLE
1.3 The requirements in Tables 1 and 2 apply to the length
D4772 Test Method for Surface Water Absorption of Terry
and width directions for those properties where fabric direction
Fabrics (Water Flow)
is pertinent.
D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation
1.4 This specification is not applicable for coated and
of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
laminated products, nonwoven products, or terry fabrics used
2.2 AATCC Methods:
for apparel.
8 Colorfastness to Crocking
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
16A Colorfastness to Light: Carbon Arc Lamp Continuous
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Light
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
16E Colorfastness to Light: Water Cooled Xenon-Arc
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Lamp, Continuous Light
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
61 Colorfastness to Washing, Domestic and Laundering
2. Referenced Documents Commercial, Accelerated
88B Appearance of Seams in Wash and Wear Items After
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Home Laundering
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
135 Dimensional Changes inAutomatic Home Laundering
D629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
of Woven or Knit Fabrics
D1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
96 Dimensional Changes in Laundering of Woven and
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
Knitted Fabrics Except Wool
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
97 Non-Cotton Content of Bleached Cotton Textiles
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-
Method
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
D2262 NO TITLE
Evaluation Procedure 2 Gray Scale for Staining
D2905 PracticeforStatementsonNumberofSpecimensfor
Evaluation Procedure 3 AATCC Chromatic Transference
Textiles
Scale
D3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling forApparel,
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
pertinent part of the designation ofASTM,AATCC, or other test methods.
The current edition of each test method shall prevail.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
3. Terminology
Furnishings.
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally
3.1 Definitions:
published as D5433–93. Last previous edition D5433–93. DOI: 10.1520/D5433-00.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
3 5
Discontinued- See 1995Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
4 6
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
on www.astm.org. (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5433 – 00
TABLE 1 Woven or Knitted Terry Fabric Specification Requirements
Terry Requirements
Kitchen Bath, Hand, Washcloths,
Dishcloths Section
Towels Bath Sheets
Breaking Force (CRT) 7.1
Length 178 N (40 lbf) min 220 N (50 lbf) min 178 N (40 lbf) min
Width 133 N (30 lbf) min 178 N (40 lbf) min 133 N (30 lbf) min
Bursting Force (knits only)
Diaphragm 222 N (50 lbf) min 222 N (50 lbf) min 222 N (50 lbf) min 7.1.3
Nonfibrous material 3 % max 5 % max 3 % max 7.1.4
Dimensional Change: 7.1.5
Length 10 % max 10 % max 10 % max
Width 5 % max 5 % max 4 % max
Bow and Skew 6 % max 6 % max 6 % max 7.1.6
A
Colorfastness:
Laundering: 7.1.7.1
B B B
Shade Change Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min
C C C
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min
Crocking: 7.1.7.2
D D D
Dry Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min
D D D
Wet Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min
B B B
Light (20 AATCC FU) Step 4 min Step 4 min Step 4 min 7.1.7.3
Absorbency Pass Pass Pass 7.1.8
Flammability Class I Class I Class I 7.1.9
Laundered Appearance Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable 7.2.1
A
Class for color change and color transfer is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change or color transfer to 1 for severe color change or color
transfer. The numerical rating in Table 1 or higher is acceptable.
B
AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.
C
AATCC Gray Scale for Staining.
D
AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale.
TABLE 2 Non Terry Fabric Requirements
Dishcloths Huck & Crash Towels Section
Breaking Force (CRT) 7.1
Length 220 N (50 lbf) min 178 N (40 lbf) min
Width 178 N (40 lbf) min 133 N (30 lbf) min
Bursting Force (knits only)
Diaphragm 222 N (50 lbf) min 222 N (50 lbf) min 7.1.3
Nonfibrous material 5 % max 5 % max 7.1.4
Dimensional Change: 7.1.5
Length 10 % max 10 % max
Width 5 % max 5 % max
Bow and Skew 6 % Acceptable 6 % Acceptable 7.1.6
A
Colorfastness:
Laundering: 7.1.7.1
B B
Shade Change Class 4 min Class 4 min
C C
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min
Crocking: 7.1.7.2
D D
Dry Class 4 min Class 4 min
D D
Wet Class 3 min Class 3 min
B B
Light (20 AATCC FU) Step 4 min Step 4 min 7.1.7.3
Absorbency Pass Pass 7.1.8
Flammability Class 1 Class 17.1.9
Laundered Appearance Acceptable Acceptable 7.2.1
A
Class for color change and color transfer is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change or color transfer to 1 for severe color change or color
transfer. The numerical rating in Table 1 or higher is acceptable.
B
AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.
C
AATCC Gray Scale for Staining.
D
AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale.
3.1.1 bath sheet, n—atextileterryproductwithendhemsor 3.1.4 fingertip towel, n—a textile product with fringes and
fringes and side hems or selvages that is generally much larger side hems or selvages which is smaller than a hand towel,
than a bath towel. generally used as decoration and to dry hands.
3.1.2 bath towel, n—atextileterryproductwithendhemsor 3.1.5 huck towel, n—a plain weave nonterry foundation
fringes and side hems or selvages, which is used to dry a product constructed with small warp and filling floats, having
person’s body after bathing or swimming. hems or selvages, which is used to dry a person’s hands and
3.1.3 crash towel, n—a plain weave nonterry product with utensils such as glasses, plates, bowls, and flatware.
hems or selvages which has a rough texture caused by uneven 3.1.6 terry towel, n—a textile product with end hems or
yarns. fringes and side hems or selvages which is made with loop pile
D5433 – 00
on one or both sides generally covering the entire surface or 6.4.1 Use a reliable estimate of the variability of individual
forming strips, checks, or other patterns. observations on similar materials in the user’s laboratory,
3.1.7 towel, n—an absorbent textile product used for drying
6.4.2 A95 % probability level, and
or wiping.
6.4.3 An allowable difference of 5 % of the average be-
3.1.8 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
tween the test results on laboratory sampling units and the
specification, refer to individualASTM Standards andAATCC
average for the laboratory sampling unit. The average for a
Test Methods, Terminology D123 and Terminology D3136,or
laboratory sampling unit is the average that would be obtained
your dictionary.
by applying the test method to all of the potential specimens
from that laboratory sampling unit.
4. Specification Requirements
4.1 Product—The properties to be evaluated and the accep- 7. Testing for Household and Institutional Use
tance criteria assigned to these areas shall be set by mutual
7.1 Test Methods—Fabric Testing— The physical and col-
agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
orfastness properties of the fabric in the products shall be
4.2 Fa
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