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ASTM D4029-04

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics

Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics

ABSTRACT
This specification covers finished fabrics woven from "E" electrical glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. This specification can also be applied to fabrics made of other glass types. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. These organic materials are typically removed from the greige gabric and replaced with a finish that is compatible with a specified resin matrix. The materials shall meet the required fabric count, yarn designations, yarn number, filament diameter, strand construction, twist direction, twist level, fabric weave type, mass per unit area, thickness, breaking strength, width, length, ignition loss, finish level, and appearance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers finished fabrics woven from "E" electrical glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. This specification can also be applied to fabrics made of other glass types as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions, general requirements, and physical requirements for finished woven glass fabrics This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. These organic materials are typically removed from the greige gabric and replaced with a finish that is compatible with the resin matrix specified in the contracting document
Note 1—Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a cleaning procedure they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin matrix.
1.3 This specification shows values in both SI units and in inch-pound units. "SI units" is the technically correct name for the system of metric units known as the International System of Units." Inch-pound units" is the technically correct name for the customary units used in the United States. The values in SI units are provided as information only; the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.
1.5 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. These include greige glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing threads, and finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
29-Feb-2004
ICS
59.100.10 - Textile glass materials
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.18 - Glass Fiber and its Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4029-97 - Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D4029-09 - Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
Effective Date
15-Jan-2009

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ASTM D4029-04 - Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass FabricsASTM D4029-04 - Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
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ASTM D4029-04 - Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4029 – 04
Standard Specification for
1
Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4029; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This specification covers finished fabrics woven from
“E” electrical glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforc-
2. Referenced Documents
ing material in laminated plastics for structural use. This
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specification can also be applied to fabrics made of other glass
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
types as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
D 578 Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions,
D 579 Specification for Greige Woven Glass Fabrics
general requirements, and physical requirements for finished
D 1059 Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-
woven glass fabrics This specification permits the application
Length Specimens
of sizing materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture
D 1423 Test Method for Twist in Yarns by the Direct-
that helps facilitate weaving. These organic materials are
Counting Method
typically removed from the greige gabric and replaced with a
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
finish that is compatible with the resin matrix specified in the
D 1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
contracting document
D 2150 Specification for Woven Glass Fabric for Polyester
NOTE 1—Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are
Glass Laminates
removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a
D 2408 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Amino-Silane
cleaning procedure they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin
Type Finishes, for Plastic Laminates
matrix.
D 2409 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
1.3 This specification shows values in both SI units and in
Fabric,CleanedandAfter-FinishedwithVinyl-SilaneType
inch-pound units. “SI units” is the technically correct name for
Finishes, for Plastic Laminates
thesystemofmetricunitsknownastheInternationalSystemof
D 2410 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
Units.“ Inch-pound units” is the technically correct name for
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Chrome Com-
the customary units used in the United States. The values in SI
plexes, for Plastic Laminates
units are provided as information only; the values stated in
D 2660 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Acrylic-Silane
1.4 This specification is one of a series to provide a
Type Finishes, for Plastic Laminates
substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140Yarn, Cord,
D 3098 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth,
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Epoxy—
Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.
Functional Silane-Type Finishes for Plastic Laminates
1.5 AdditionalASTM specifications in this series have been
D 3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of
D 3774 Test Methods for Width of Textile Fabric
ASTM Standards. These include greige glass fabrics, glass
D 3775 Test Method for Warp End Count and Filling Pick
tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing threads, and
Count of Woven Fabric
finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.
D 3776 Test Methods for Mass per Unit Area (Weight) of
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Fabric
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 4963 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Strands and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Fabrics
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
2
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Its Products. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published March 2004. Originally Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 4029 – 97. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
...

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This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from "E" electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. The basic designation for glass woven roving fabric is by mass per unit area and is given in grams per square metre. The roving shall be continuous filament fiber, free of any free alkali, such as sodium or potassium metal salts and foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. For the given woven roving fabrics, the average fabric count, average size-free yarn numbers, filament diameter, average mass per unit area, and fabric length shall conform to the requirements specified. For woven roving fabrics, the roving designations, strand construction, and fabric width shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. For the given woven roving fabrics, the weave type shall be plain weave. The woven roving fabric shall be generally uniform in quality and condition, clean, smooth, and free of foreign particles and defects detrimental to fabrication, appearance, or performance. Woven roving fabric shall be furnished in rolls and shall be wound on spiral tubes.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from “E” electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use.  
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions, general requirements, and physical requirements for woven roving glass fiber fabrics. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber roving during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used as permitted in this specification, such materials are compatible with the resin matrix as specified in the contracting instrument.  
Note 1: Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a cleaning procedure, they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin matrix.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for the following Military Specifications:
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ASTM D578/D578M-23(Specification)
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This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. It is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates. The nominal twist in S and Z directions and breaking strength of the continuous filament yarns shall conform to the specified requirements. The fibers shall be free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and from foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. The direction of twist, twist level, filament diameter, breaking strength, and ignition loss (organic content) of the fiber shall be tested.
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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the general nomenclature for the strand products that are generally manufactured in the glass fiber industry.  
1.2 Glass fibers are produced having various compositions. General applications are identified by means of a letter designation. The letter designation represents a family of glasses that have provided acceptable performance to the end-user in the intended application. For example, the composition limits stated for E-Glass in this specification representing the glass fiber family for general and most electrical applications is designated by the letter E. Military specifications, such as, MIL-R-60346, recognize the composition limits described in this specification as meeting the respective requirements for E-Glass strands used in reinforced plastic structure applications.  
1.3 Glass fiber strands have a variety of general uses under specific conditions, such as high physical or chemical stress, high moisture, high temperature, or electrical environments. Property requirements under specific conditions are agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. Electrical property requirements vary with specific end-use applications. For printed circuit board applications, other requirements may be needed such as the use of Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits (IPC) Specification EG 4412 A for finished fabric woven from E-Glass for printed circuit boards, or Specification MIL-P-13949 for printed wiring boards applicable to glass fabric base.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.  
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1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the ...

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This specification covers the requirements for continuous glass filament sewing thread and untreated and neoprene treated, continuous filament cord; intended to assist ultimate users by designing the types of these products that are typical in the industry. The fiber shall be electrical grade, free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and foreign particle, dirt, and other impurities. The glass fiber cord or sewing thread shall be wound on tubes, spools, or cones and shall conform to the following requirements: filament diameter; yarn number; strand construction; twist direction; twist level; breaking strength; yarn diameter; twist balance; and ignition loss. The cord and the sewing thread shall also undergo visual examination to check for defects such as cut, spot or stain, and embedded foreign matter.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers finished fabrics woven from "E" electrical glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. This specification can also be applied to fabrics made of other glass types. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. These organic materials are typically removed from the greige gabric and replaced with a finish that is compatible with a specified resin matrix. The materials shall meet the required fabric count, yarn designations, yarn number, filament diameter, strand construction, twist direction, twist level, fabric weave type, mass per unit area, thickness, breaking strength, width, length, ignition loss, finish level, and appearance.
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Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Fiber Strands and Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable.  
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the view of the known bias.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers primarily the determination of ignition loss of glass fiber textiles. This method applies to glass fiber strands, twisted or untwisted, coated or uncoated; and fabrics, woven, nonwoven, knitted, coated, and uncoated, and chopped strand. This procedure may be applied to other glass textiles where the amount of organic content obtained by ignition loss is required.
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening and louver cloth.  
1.2 This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the sizes and types of these products that are generally available in the industry.  
1.3 This specification shows the terminology and requirements for:  
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1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections 8 – 19, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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This specification primarily covers greige tapes and webbings woven from "E" electrical classification glass fiber yarns. This specification can also be applied to tapes and webbings made of other glass fiber grades upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. Greige glass fiber tapes and webbings are produced in two types: type A - medium texture, and type B - open texture. The fabric count, yarn number, filament diameter, strand construction, twist direction, twist level, weave type, length per unit mass, thickness, breaking force, width, length, ignition loss, and visual appearance shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification primarily covers greige tapes and webbings woven from “E” electrical classification glass fiber yarns. This specification can also be applied to tapes and webbings made of other glass fiber grades upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Breaking Strength of Glass Fiber Reinforcing Mesh for Use in Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS), after Exposure to a Sodium Hydroxide Solution

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Glass fiber reinforcing meshes are used to strengthen EIFS. The reinforcing meshes are embedded into base coats that contain portland cement, which potentially exposes the glass fibers in the reinforcing meshes to weakening by the action of alkali. The breaking force following alkali exposure as determined by this method, is a factor used to comparatively evaluate the alkali resistance of EIFS glass fiber reinforcing meshes in the laboratory.  
5.2 This test method does not purport to simulate the conditions that may be encountered in service. The performance of an EIFS is a function of many factors, such as proper installation, rigidity of supporting construction and resistance of the EIFS to deterioration by other causes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the breaking force of glass fiber mesh following their conditioning in an alkali solution. The method is applicable to glass fiber mesh used in Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) with base coats that contain portland cement as an ingredient.  
1.2 Breaking force is expressed both as force per unit width of mesh and as a percentage of the breaking force of the mesh that has not been exposed to alkali conditioning.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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ASTM D2343-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this test method are of value for identifying and characterizing materials for control and specification purposes as well as for providing data for research and development studies.  
5.2 This test method is intended for use in testing resin-compatible sized glass fiber materials that have been designed specifically for use with certain generic types of plastics. The use of a resin system that is compatible with the reinforcement material under test produces results that are most representative of the actual strength that is available in the material when used as intended in an end item. Premature reinforcement failures occur if the elongation of the resin system is less than that of the reinforcement being tested. It is critical to select a resin system that does not lead to premature reinforcement failure. Use of compatible resin system and complete resin impregnation is recommended to avoid invalid failures and misleading results.  
5.3 This test method is useful for testing pretreated specimens for which comparative results are desired. Gage length, gripping system, testing speed, and the resin impregnation ratio of the specimen affects the values obtained by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative tensile properties of glass fiber strands, yarns, and rovings in the form of impregnated rod test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and tension testing machine speed. This test method is applicable to continuous filament, glass fiber materials that have been coated with a resin compatible sizing. This method is intended for use in quality control and R & D, and is not intended to be used to develop composites design data.
Note 1: This method is technically equivalent to the short method described in ISO 9163.
Note 2: Prime consideration should be given to the use of a polymeric binder that produces specimens that yield the highest consistent values for the glass fiber material under test. Tensile properties vary with specimen preparation, resin impregnation system, and speed and environment of testing. Consider these factors where precise comparative results are desired.  
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ASTM D578/D578M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Strands

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. It is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates. The nominal twist in S and Z directions and breaking strength of the continuous filament yarns shall conform to the specified requirements. The fibers shall be free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and from foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. The direction of twist, twist level, filament diameter, breaking strength, and ignition loss (organic content) of the fiber shall be tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the general nomenclature for the strand products that are generally manufactured in the glass fiber industry.  
1.2 Glass fibers are produced having various compositions. General applications are identified by means of a letter designation. The letter designation represents a family of glasses that have provided acceptable performance to the end-user in the intended application. For example, the composition limits stated for E-Glass in this specification representing the glass fiber family for general and most electrical applications is designated by the letter E. Military specifications, such as, MIL-R-60346, recognize the composition limits described in this specification as meeting the respective requirements for E-Glass strands used in reinforced plastic structure applications.  
1.3 Glass fiber strands have a variety of general uses under specific conditions, such as high physical or chemical stress, high moisture, high temperature, or electrical environments. Property requirements under specific conditions are agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. Electrical property requirements vary with specific end-use applications. For printed circuit board applications, other requirements may be needed such as the use of Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits (IPC) Specification EG 4412 A for finished fabric woven from E-Glass for printed circuit boards, or Specification MIL-P-13949 for printed wiring boards applicable to glass fabric base.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.  
1.6 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. These include finished glass fabrics, unfinished glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing threads, and finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the ...

  • Technical specification
    20 pages
    English language
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  • Technical specification
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off