ASTM D7320-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service.
The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures.
The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine.
The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact.
The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test.
The Sequence IIIG engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIF test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:
Specification D4485,
Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and
SAE Classification J183.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines.
Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows: Section Introduction Scope1 Referenced Documents2 Terminology3 Summary of Test Method4 Significance and Use5 Apparatus6 Laboratory6.1 Drawings6.2 Specified Equipment6.3 Test Engine6.4 Engine Parts6.4.1 Engine Speed and Load Control6.5 Fluid Conditioning Module6.6 Engine Cooling System6.6.1 Flushing Tank6.7 Coolant Mixing Tank6.8 Condenser Cooling Systems6.9 Engine Oil-Cooling System6.10 Fuel System6.11 Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure6.12 Temperature Measurement6.13 Thermocouple Location6.13.1 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination6.14 Injector Flow Testing6.14.1 Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems6.15 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement6.16 Pressure Measurement and Sensor Location6.17 Reagents and Materials7 Test Fuel7.1 Engine and Condenser Coolant7.2 Coolant Additive7.3 Coolant Preparation7.4 Pre-Test Cleaning Materials7.5 Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds7.6 Test Oil Sample Requirements8 Preparation of Apparatus9 Condenser Cleaning9.1 Intake Manifold Cleaning9.2 Cleaning of Engine Parts (other than the block and heads)9.3 Connecting Rod Cleaning9.4 Engine Block Cleaning9.5 Cylinder Head Cleaning9.6 Engine Build-up Procedure9.7 General Information9.7.1 Special Parts9.7.2 Hardware Information9.7.3 Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Procedures9.7.4 Main Bearing Cap Bolts9.7.4.1 Cylinder Head Bolts9.7.4...
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Designation: D7320 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG,
1
Spark-Ignition Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7320; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Thetestmethoddescribedinthisstandardcanbeusedbyanyproperlyequippedlaboratory;itdoes
not require the assistance of anyone outside that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring
2
Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by
the laboratory (seeAnnexA1). By these means, the laboratory will know whether their use of the test
method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various
agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against
specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several
Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratoriesthatchoosenottousethoseservicesmaysimplyignorethoseportionsofthetestmethod
that refer to the TMC.
ThistestmethodmaybemodifiedbymeansofInformationLettersissuedbytheTMC.Inaddition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method (see A1.8).
1. Scope 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils
statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.
include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled
Section
engines, as well as in diesel engines.
Introduction
Scope 1
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil perfor-
Referenced Documents 2
mance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Significance and Use 5
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Apparatus 6
standard.
Laboratory 6.1
Drawings 6.2
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent
Specified Equipment 6.3
such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and
Test Engine 6.4
tubing size.
Engine Parts 6.4.1
Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5
Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Engine Cooling System 6.6.1
Flushing Tank 6.7
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8
D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9
Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published October 2009. Originally
Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7320–08a. DOI:
Fuel System 6.11
10.1520/D7320-09.
2 Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12
Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM Test Monitoring Center
Temperature Measurement 6.13
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
Thermocouple Location 6.13.1
lettersmaybeobtainedfromtheASTMTestMonitoringCenter,6555PennAvenue,
Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14
Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates
Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1
revisions in all information letters through No. 07–3.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7320 – 09
Section Section
Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15 Calibration 10
Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 6.16 Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1
Pressure Measurement and Sensor Location 6.17 Testing of Reference Oils 10.2
Reagents and Materials 7 Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3
Test Fuel 7.1 Reporting of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4
Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.2 Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.5
Coolant Additive 7.3 Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests Relative to Reference 10.6
Coolant Prepar
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7320–08a Designation: D7320 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG,
1
Spark-Ignition Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7320; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The test method described in this standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratory; it does
not require the assistance of anyone outside that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring
2
Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by
the laboratory (seeAnnexA1). By these means, the laboratory will know whether their use of the test
method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various
agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against
specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several
Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by theTMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method (see A1.8).
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature
performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils
include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as
well as in diesel engines.
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.
1.2The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information
purposes only. The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters,
and tubing size.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
Section
Introduction
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.01
on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Current edition approved Oct.April 15, 2008.2009. Published November 2008.October 2009. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
D7320–08a. DOI: 10.1520/D7320-08A.10.1520/D7320-09.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information letters
may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAvenue, Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489.Attention:Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in all
information letters through No. 07–3.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7320 – 09
Section
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
Laboratory 6.1
Drawings 6.2
Specified Equipment 6.3
Test Engine 6.4
Engine Parts 6.4.1
Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5
Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6
Engine Cooling System 6.6.1
Flushing Tank 6.7
Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8
Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9
Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10
Fuel System 6.11
Induction Air Supply Humidity, T
...
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