ASTM F2159-01

Standard Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for sulfone plastic insert fittings and copper crimp rings for three sizes (3/8, 1/2, and 3/4) of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic tubing. These fittings are intended for use in 100 psi (690 kPa) cold- and hot-water distribution systems operating at temperatures up to and including 180°F (82°C). Included are the requirements for material, molded part properties, performance, workmanship, dimensions, and markings to be used on the fittings and rings.
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information only and are not considered the standard.
1.3 The following is an index of the appendix in this specification:GO/NO-GO Crimp GaugesAppendix X1Torque (Break Off) TestAppendix X2
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 11 and 12, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.10 - Fittings

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F2159-02 - Standard Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3253-23 - Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing with Oxygen Barrier for Hot- and Cold-Water Hydronic Distribution Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F877-23 - Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2854-21 - Standard Specification for Push-Fit Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Mechanical Fittings for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2769-23a - Standard Specification for Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Plastic Hot and Cold-Water Tubing and Distribution Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2846/D2846M-19a - Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2623-22 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Systems for Non-Potable Water Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2098-18 - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Clamps for Securing SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) to Metal Insert and Plastic Insert Fittings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: F 2159 – 01
Standard Specification for
Plastic Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring for
SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope moplastic Pipe and Fittings
D 6394 Specification for Sulfone Plastics (SP)
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for sulfone
3 F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
plastic insert fittings and copper crimp rings for three sizes ( ⁄8
F 876 Specification for Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX)
1 3
, ⁄2,and ⁄4)ofcross-linkedpolyethylene(PEX)plastictubing.
Tubing
These fittings are intended for use in 100 psi (690 kPa) cold-
F 877 Specification for Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX)
and hot-water distribution systems operating at temperatures
Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems
up to and including 180°F (82°C). Included are the require-
F 1498 Specification for Taper Pipe Threads 60° for Ther-
mentsformaterial,moldedpartproperties,performance,work-
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
manship, dimensions, and markings to be used on the fittings
F 1807 Specification for Metal Insert Fitting Utilizing a
and rings.
Copper Crimp Ring for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
(PEX) Tubing
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
2.2 ASME Standard:
mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for
B 1.20.1 Pipe Threads General Purpose Inch
information only and are not considered the standard.
2.3 NSF International Standard:
1.3 The following is an index of the appendix in this
ANSI/NSF Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components
specification:
and Related Materials
GO/NO-GO Crimp Gauges Appendix X1
ANSI/NSF Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water System
Torque (Break Off) Test Appendix X2
Components-Health Effects
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test method portions, Sections 11 and 12, of this specification.
3. Terminology
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
nology F 412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
nology D 1600, unless otherwise indicated.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
4. Classification
4.1 This specification governs one class of fittings and
2. Referenced Documents
3 1
copper crimp rings suitable for use with nominal size ⁄8 , ⁄2 ,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and ⁄4 size PEX tubing that meets the requirements of ASTM
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
Specifications F 876 or F 877.
Insulating Materials for Testing
D 1598 Test Method for Time-To-Failure of Plastic Pipe
5. Materials and Manufacture
Under Constant Internal Pressure
5.1 Material—Fittings shall be molded from sulfone plastic
D 1599 Test Method for Short-Time, Hydraulic Failure
(SP) as specified in Specification D 6394.The material shall be
Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
unreinforced polysulfone (group 01, or 03; class 1, grade 1, 2
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
or 3 for group 03) or polyphenylsulfone (group 03, class 1,
Plastics
grade 1) 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 for group 01. Material may also be a an
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.10 on Fittings. Available from the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St.,
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2001. Published April 2002. 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
2 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Available from the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF International), P.O.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04. Box 130140, Ann Arbor, MI 48113.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2159–01
TABLE 1 Minimum Hydrostatic Burst Strength Requirements for
unreinforcedblendofthesetwoormoreofthespecifiedgroups
Fitting, Crimp Ring, and PEX Tubing Assemblies
materials with the polyphenylsulfone continuous phase com-
Nominal Minimum Burst Pressures at
prising 55 to 80 % of the blend. Fittings shall be made from
Tubing Size Different Temperatures
virgin plastic or reworked plastic in accordance with 5.1.2.
A A
psig at (kPa) at psig at (kPa) at
in.
73.4°F (23°C) 180°F (82.2°C)
5.1.1 Discussion—Since fittings specified by this standard
⁄8 620 (4275) 275 (1896)
will be used in hot-and-cold water plumbing systems, a
⁄2 480 (3309) 215 (1482)
material used to manufacture fittings in accordance with this 3
⁄4 475 (3275) 210 (1448)
specification must demonstrate qualities consistent with that A
The fiber stress to derive this test pressure is: at 73.4°F (23.0°C) 1900 psi
application in addition to the performance requirements of this (13.10 MPa) at 180°F (82.2°C) 850 psi (5.86 MPa).
specification. Those qualifying characteristics include, but are
notlimitedto,anestablishedhydrostaticdesignbasis(HDB)or TABLE 2 Minimum Hydrostatic Sustained Pressure
Requirements for Fitting, Crimp Ring and PEX Tubing
stress design basis (SDB) in accordance with PPI TR-3 or
A,B
Assemblies
similar rating, demonstration of resistance to the long-term
Nominal
effects of water contact and those chemicals normally found in
Pressure Required for Test, psig (kPa)
Tubing Size
potable water and at the maximum temperature stated in this
in. 180°F (82.2°C)
specification, or an applicable history of use in a similar ⁄8 250 (1724)
⁄2 195 (1344)
configuration and environment, or both. Sulfone plastic as
⁄4 190 (1310)
specified in Specification D 6394, meets these additional quali-
A
The fiber stress to derive this test pressure is: 770 psi (5.31 MPa) at 180° F
fications and should establish a baseline performance profile
(82.2°C).
B
for other materials that may be added to this specification at
Test duration is 1000 h.
some future time.
5.1.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material of the same
7.4 Thermocycling—Assemblies shall not leak or separate
commercial designation, generated from the manufacturer’s
when thermocycled 1000 cycles between the temperatures of
own production may be used by the same manufacturer
60°F (16°C) and 180°F (82°C) when tested in accordance with
provided the fittings meet all of the requirements of this
11.7.
specification. Reworked material shall not be introduced at a
7.5 Excessive Temperature-Pressure Capability:
ratio exceeding 25 %.
7.5.1 General—Assemblies shall have adequate strength to
5.2 Potable Water Requirements—Products intended for the
accommodate short-term conditions, 30 days (720 h) of 210° F
transport of potable water shall be evaluated, tested and
(99° C) and 150 psi (1034 kPa) when tested in accordance with
certified for conformance with ANSI/NSF Standard No. 61 or
11.8.
the health effects portion ofANSI/NSF Standard No. 14 by an
acceptable certifying organization when required by the regu-
8. Dimensions
latory authority having jurisdiction.
8.1 Dimensions and Tolerances—The dimensions and tol-
5.3 Crimp Rings—Crimp rings shall be manufactured and
erances of fittings shall be as shown in Fig. 1, when measured
marked in accordance with the requirements of Specification
in accordance with 11.4.
F 1807.
8.1.1 Alignment—The maximum angular variation of any
opening shall not exceed 1° off the true centerline axis.
6. Molded Part Properties
8.1.2 Tapered Threads—Fitting threads shall be American
National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Form conforming to
6.1 Insert Crush—The fitting insert shall not crack, split, or
ASTM F 1498.
shatter when tested in accordance with 12.1.
8.1.3 Straight Threads—Straight pipe threads, intended for
6.2 Splay—The molded part shall be free of visible splay
the making of a gasketed seal with taper pipe threads, shall be
excepting some slight blushing at the gate location.
NPSM and conform to ASME B 1.20.1.
7. Performance Requirements
9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
7.1 General—All performance tests shall be performed on
9.1 The sealing surfaces of the insert shall be smooth and
assemblies of fittings, crimp rings, and PEX tubing. Fittings
free of foreign material. The fitting walls shall be free of
and crimp rings shall meet the material and dimensional
cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other
requirements of this standard. PEX tubing shall meet the
defects that are visible to the unaided eye and that affect the
requirements of Specification F 876 or F 877.Assembly of test
wall integrity.
specimensshallbeinaccordancewithSection10.Useseparate
9.2 Except for the insert, the molded part shall be free of
sets of assemblies for each performance test requirement.
flash in excess of .005. Flash, mismatch, and witness mark
7.2 Hydrostatic Burst—Assemblies shall meet the mini-
requirements for the insert shall be in accordance with Fig. 1.
mum hydrostatic burst requirements shown in Table 1, when
10. Assembly
tested in accordance with 11.5.
7.3 Hydrostatic Sustained Pressure Strength—Assemblies 10.1 Crimp Joints—Insert fittings shall be joined to PEX
shall meet the hydrostatic sustained pressure requirements tubing by the compression of a copper crimp ring around the
shown in Table 2 when tested in accordance with 11.6. outer circumference of the tubing forcing the tubing material
F2159–01
FIG. 1 Fitting Insert Dimensions and Tolerances
TABLE 4 Recommended Minimum Torque Requirements for
into annular spaces formed by ribs on the fitting. Insert fittings
Insert Torque (Break Off) Test
and crimp rings shall meet the dimensional and material
Minimum Torque,
requirements of this standard. PEX tubing shall meet the
Size
lbf/in (g/cm)
requirements of Specifications F 876 or F 877.The dimensions
⁄8 40 (7144)
and out-of-roundness of the crimp ring after it has been
⁄2 80 (14288)
crimped shall be in accordance with Table 3.
⁄4 120 (21432)
10.1.1 Crimping Procedure—Toaffixtheinsertfittingtothe
tubing with the crimp ring, the crimping procedure shall be as
follows: slide the crimp ring onto the tubing, insert the ribbed
checked to determine conformance to the after crimped dimen-
end of the fitting into the end of the tubing until the tubing
sional requirements of Table 3.
contacts the shoulder of the fitting or tube stop. The crimp ring
shall then be positioned on the tubing so the edge of the crimp
11. Test Methods
1 1
ring is ⁄8 in. to ⁄4 in. (3.2 to 6.4 mm) from the end of the tube.
11.1 Conditioning—Condition specimens at 73 6 4°F (23
The jaws of the crimping tool shall be centered over the crimp
6 2°C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not less than 4 h
ring and the tool shall be held so that the crimping jaws are
prior to testing. Method D 618 shall be used to the extent
approximately perpendicular to the axis of the barb. The jaws
possible as a guide to other conditions.
of the crimping tool shall be closed around the crimp ring,
11.2 Test Conditions—Conduct the tests in the standard
compressing the crimp ring onto the tubing. The crimp ring
laboratory atmosphere at 73 6 4°F (23 6 2°C) and 5065%
shall not be crimped more than once. Each crimp shall be
relativehumidityunlessotherwisespecifiedinthetestmethods
or in this specification.
TABLE 3 Crimp Ring Dimensions After Crimping on Tube/Fitting
11.3 Sampling—A sample of the fittings, crimp rings, and
Assembly
PEX tubing sufficient to determine conformance with this
A,B
Nominal Tube Size Final Crimped Outside Diameter
specification shall be taken at random.
Insert End Minimum, in. (mm) Maximum, in. (mm)
3 11.4 Dimensions—Any randomly selected fitting or fittings
⁄8 0.580 (14.7) 0.595 (15.1)
⁄2 0.700 (17.8) 0.715 (24.4)
and crimp ring or crimp rings shall be used to determine
⁄4 0.945 (24.0) 0.960 (24.4)
dimensions. Measurements shall be made in accordance with
A
For all diameters except for the area of scoring caused by the crimping tool.
Method D 2122. Determine the diameters by making measure-
B
The maximum out-of-roundness as measured by the difference between the
ments at four locations spaced at approximately 45° apart
minimum crimped outside diameter and the maximum crimped outside diameter
shall not exceed 0.006 in. (0.150 mm). around the circumference.
F2159–01
11.5 Burst Pressure—Determine the minimum burst pres- 11.7.4 Procedure—Pressurize the specimen assembly with
sure in accordance with Test Method D 1599 on at least six air to 100 6 10 psi (690 6 69 kPa) and check for leaks.
assemblies for each temperature in Table 1. Leakage or Eliminate any leaks before the thermocycle test is started.
separation at any of the joints tested, or from the fitting itself, Thermally cycle the specimen assembly either manually or
at less than the minimum burst requirements for the tempera- automatically and under a constant internal pressure of 100 6
tures specified in Table 1 shall constitute a failure in this test. 10 psi (690 6 69 kPa), alternately between 60 6 4°F (16 6
11.6 Sustained Hydrostatic Pressure—Performthetestonat 2°C) and 180 6 4°F (82 6 2°C) by means of immersion in
least six assemblies in accordance with Test Method D 1598, water using the following test cycle (Note 2):
except for the following:
Water immersion at 180°F 2 min minimum
Air immersion at ambient 2 min maximum
11.6.1 Test temperature shall be 180 6 4°F (82 6 2°C).
Water immersion at 60°F 2 min minimum
11.6.2 The external test environment shall be air or water.
Air immersion at ambient 2 min maximum
11.6.3 Fill the specimens with water at a temperature of at
NOTE 2—If the test must be interrupted before completion, samples are
least 120°F (50°C).
to be kept at room temperature until the test is restarted.
11.6.4 Leakage or separation at any joint tested at less than
11.7.4.1 Upon completion of 1000 cycles, visually inspect
1000 h at the sustained pressure as given in Table 2 shall
for leaks while under the test pressure. Any evidence of
constitute failure in this test.
leakage at the fittings or separation of the fittings from the
11.7 Thermocycling:
tubing constitutes failure.
11.7.1 Summary of Test Method—This test method de-
11.7.4.2 If no failures are evident, the specimen assembly
scribes a pass-fail test for thermally cycling assemblies com-
shall immediately be tested for joint integrity (hydrostatic
prised of
...