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ASTM D6890-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D 975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6-2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection into heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an ignition delay determination to cetane number by Test Method D 613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 3.3 to 6.4 ms (61 to 34 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may be affected.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2006
ICS
13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
43.060.40 - Fuel systems
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.01 - Combustion Characteristics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6890-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D6890-07 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
Effective Date
01-Feb-2007
Referred By
ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D8147-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Special-Purpose Test Fuels for Aviation Compression-Ignition Engines
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4737-21 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6751-23a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D975-23 - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4054-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D7467-20a - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006

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ASTM D6890-06 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume ChamberASTM D6890-06 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
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ASTM D6890-06 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D6890–06
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number
(DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant
,
1 2
Volume Chamber
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quan- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
titative determination of the ignition characteristics of conven- D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
tional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
containingbiodieselmaterial,dieselfueloilscontainingcetane D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
number improver additives, and is applicable to products D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
typical ofASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D Petroleum Products
regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
EN590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6- Products, and Lubricants
2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel Petroleum Products
blending components. D 5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid
1.2 Thistestmethodmeasurestheignitiondelayandutilizes Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injec- D6299 Practice forApplying Statistical QualityAssurance
tion into heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
ignition delay determination to cetane number byTest Method Performance
D613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN). D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
3.3 to 6.4 ms (61 to 34 DCN). The combustion analyzer can Lubricants
measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improve-
be affected. ment of ExpectedAgreement Between Two Test Methods
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
standard. E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
4
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2.2 ISO Standards:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the ISO 4010 Diesel Engines—Calibrating Nozzle, Delay
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Pintle Type
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- ISO 4259 Petroleum products—Determination and applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. tion of precision data in relation to methods of test
2.3 EN Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics.
3
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originally For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6890–04. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
This test method is based on IP PM CQ/2001, published in the IP Standard Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products and British the ASTM website.
4
Standard 2000 Parts. Copyrighted by Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,25W.43rdSt.,4thfloor,
London, W1G 7AR, UK. Adapted with permission of Energy Institute. New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6890–06
EN 590 Automotive Fuels—Diesel—Requirements and 3.2.4 combustion analyzer, n—integratedcompressionigni-
5
Test Methods tion apparatus to measure the ignition characteristics of diesel
2.4 Energy Institute Standard: fuel oil.
IP41 Ignition Quality of Diesel Fuels—Cetane EngineTest 3.2.5 derived cetane number (DCN), n—number calculated
6
Method using an equation that correlates a combustion analyzer igni-
2.5 Canadian Standards: tion delay result to cetane number by Test Method D613.
CAN/CGSB-3.517-2
...

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ASTM D6890-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ID and DCN values determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines.  
5.2 This test can be used in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines. It can also be useful in research or when there is interest in the ignition delay of a diesel fuel under the conditions of this test method.  
5.3 The relationship of diesel fuel oil DCN determinations to the performance of full-scale, variable-speed, variable-load diesel engines is not completely understood.  
5.4 This test may be applied to non-conventional fuels. It is recognized that the performance of non-conventional fuels in full-scale engines is not completely understood. The user is therefore cautioned to investigate the suitability of ignition characteristic measurements for predicting performance in full-scale engines for these types of fuels.  
5.5 This test determines ignition characteristics and requires a sample of approximately 100 mL and a test time of approximately 20 min on a fit-for-use instrument.
SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, hydrocarbon oils, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D S15, No. 1-D S500, and No. 1-D S5000, and grades No. 2-D S15, No. 2-D S500, and No. 2-D S5000 diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.520. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.  
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay of a diesel fuel injected directly into a constant volume combustion chamber containing heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an ignition delay determination to cetane number by Test Method D613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).  
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 2.64 ms to 6.90 ms (75.1 DCN to 31.5 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may be affected. For these shorter or longer ignition delays the correlation equation for DCN is given in Appendix X2.  
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance with the parameters of this test method, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the parameter, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ID and DCN values determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines.  
5.2 This test can be used in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines. It can also be useful in research or when there is interest in the ignition delay of a diesel fuel under the conditions of this test method.  
5.3 The relationship of diesel fuel oil DCN determinations to the performance of full-scale, variable-speed, variable-load diesel engines is not completely understood.  
5.4 This test may be applied to non-conventional fuels. It is recognized that the performance of non-conventional fuels in full-scale engines is not completely understood. The user is therefore cautioned to investigate the suitability of ignition characteristic measurements for predicting performance in full-scale engines for these types of fuels.  
5.5 This test determines ignition characteristics and requires a sample of approximately 100 mL and a test time of approximately 20 min on a fit-for-use instrument.
SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, hydrocarbon oils, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D S15, No. 1-D S500, and No. 1-D S5000, and grades No. 2-D S15, No. 2-D S500, and No. 2-D S5000 diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.520. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.  
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay of a diesel fuel injected directly into a constant volume combustion chamber containing heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an ignition delay determination to cetane number by Test Method D613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).  
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 2.64 ms to 6.90 ms (75.1 DCN to 31.5 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may be affected. For these shorter or longer ignition delays the correlation equation for DCN is given in Appendix X2.  
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance with the parameters of this test method, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the parameter, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.  
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    5 pages
    English language
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