ASTM D5058-90(2001)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste
Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods are as follows: SectionsTest Method A-Commingled Waste Compatibility8-12 Test Method B-Polymerization Potential (Reaction with Triethylamine)13-18Test Method C-Water Compatibility19-25
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the composition is known.
Note 1--Warning: Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 10, 15, and 23 and Notes 1 and 2.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D5058–90 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Methods for
Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Stor-
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the
age of Standard Solutions for Chemical Analysis
compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods
are as follows:
3. Terminology
Sections
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
Test Method A—Commingled Waste Compatibility 8-12
Test Method B—Polymerization Potential (Reaction with
3.1.1 screening—a preliminary qualitative or semi-
Triethylamine) 13-18
quantitative test, developed from classical qualitative and
Test Method C—Water Compatibility 19-25
quantitative techniques, that is designed to efficiently give the
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids,
user specific information about a waste that will aid in
sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
determining waste identification, process compatibility, and
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a
safety in handling.
preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more
4. Summary of Test Methods
sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be
used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This
4.1 Test Method A— Representative samples of waste are
standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen
added to each other. The generation of heat or violent reaction
wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more
is noted. In addition, the production of mists, fumes, dusts,
sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste
gases,layering,polymerization,precipitation,emulsificationor
composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the
increase in viscosity and other chemical or physical changes
composition is known.
are noted.
4.2 Test Method B— Reactivity of wastes is determined by
NOTE 1—Warning:Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go
adding an aliquot of a sample to an equal volume of reagent
unnoticed.
and observing any characteristic reaction, such as temperature
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
increase, gas evolution, gelling, or polymerization.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.3 Test Method C— Water and the waste are mixed in an
only.
approximate 10+1 ratio to test for compatibility.Athermom-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
eter is used to measure heat generation when applicable.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Qualitative solubility and relative apparent density are ob-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
served concurrently.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
5. Purity of Reagents
statements, see Sections 10, 15, and 23 and Notes 1 and 2.
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
2. Referenced Documents
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Analytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society, where
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on
WasteManagementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD34.01.05on
Screening Methods.
Current edition approved May 25, 1990. Published July 1990. “ReagentChemicals,AmericanChemicalSocietySpecifications,”Am.Chemi-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or cal Soc., Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM theAmericanChemicalSociety,see“ReagentChemicalsandStandards,”byJoseph
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Rosin, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, NY, and the “United States
the ASTM website. Pharmacopeia.”
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5058–90 (2001)
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of 11.2 Determine the total quantity B of the waste in the
the determination (see Practice E200). storage tank or treatment unit.
5.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated, refer- 11.2.1 Both quantities A and B must be stated in the same
ences to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as units of measure; pounds or gallons are typically used.
defined by Type III of Specification D1193. 11.2.2 Thewasteinatankcanbeestimatedfromthedesign
volume of the tank. The volume of a tank truck can be
6. Sampling
determined from the contents’ net weight and an estimate of
thedensity.Avalueof3.75kg/L(8.34lb/gal)canbeusedasan
NOTE 2—Precaution:Avoid inhalation of or skin contact with any
hazardous waste. approximate density for a wide range of aqueous wastes.
11.2.3 The total volume of A and B, upon mixing, should
6.1 Obtain representative samples of waste. If composite
not exceed 300 mL. The initial volume A (150 mL) may be
samplesaretaken,reportanygenerationofheat,gasesorsolids
adjusted proportionally to accommodate total volume specifi-
during compositing. If reactions are observed during compos-
cation.
iting, then individual samples should be taken. If the waste is
suspected of containing varying proportions of reactive com-
NOTE 3—Warning:Perform a pre-test using 1 or 2 mLof each sample
to reduce the risk when mixing potentially highly reactive wastes.
pounds, take individual samples and conduct tests on each
sample.
11.3 Place in a 500-mL beaker 150 mL of a representative
6.2 Allow all samples to stabilize to room temperature and
sample from the storage tank or treatment unit.
analyze as soon as possible.
11.3.1 Measurethetemperature,whenapplicable,ofthetest
6.3 Always perform this procedure in a hood with the sash
sample and remove the thermometer.
down as far as possible.
NOTE 4—High precision thermometers may be employed to provide
higher sensitivity in temperature readings.
7. Quality Assurance
7.1 Thermometers are evaluated and verified at a frequency 11.4 Use the ratioA+B of wastes to determine the aliquot,
specified by the laboratory (see SpecificationE1). V, in milliliters, of incoming waste to now be added. Use the
7.2 Careistakentoensurethatsamplesarerepresentativeof following equation:
the total wastes involved.
V 5 V A/B! (1)
~
TEST METHOD A—COMMINGLED WASTE
where V is the volume in milliliters used in step 11.3 (150
COMPATIBILITY
mL), and A and B are as defined in 11.1 and 11.2 respectively.
8. Significance and Use 11.5 Slowly and very carefully add the aliquot V of incom-
ing waste to the test sample volume V already in the beaker.
8.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the
11.5.1 The recommended rate of addition is approximately
waste management industries to aid in determining the com-
1 mL/s.
patibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
11.5.2 While the addition is in progress, watch for adverse
9. Apparatus
reactions.
9.1 Graduated Cylinders, 100 mL.
NOTE 5—Warning:If a reaction is observed, stop the addition imme-
9.2 Thermometer, 20 to 110°C or equivalent with 0.5°C
diately and report the observation.
divisions.
11.6 If after adding the aliquot V of incoming waste no
9.3 Disposable Pipet.
adverse reaction is observed, mix well and immediately mea-
9.4 Spatula.
sure the temperature.
9.5 Beakers, 500 mL.
11.6.1 Compare the temperature here with the temperature
9.6 Funnels.
measured in step 11.3.1. Record the difference, using (+) to
9.7 Vortex Mixer (optional).
indicate an increase and (−) to indicate a decrease in tempera-
ture (see Note 4).
10. Hazards
NOTE 6—Mixing the representative waste samples at equal proportions
10.1 Precaution—Avoid inhalation of and skin and eye
can increase the sensitivity of reactivity and may be used as a substitute
contact with any hazardous material.
or in addition to the test based on actual proportions.
10.2 Precaution—This procedure must be performed
within a laboratory fume hood with the sash down as far as 11.7 Record any generation of heat or violent reaction.
Recordtheproductionofanymists,fumes,dust,orgases.Any
possible.
10.3 Caution—By keeping the sample size small and by layering, polymerization, precipitation, emulsification, in-
crea
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