ASTM C1397-98
(Practice)Standard Practice for Application of Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
Standard Practice for Application of Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements and procedures for field or prefabricated appliation of Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS). Class PB EIFS are defined as systems applied over various types of insulation board, in which the base coat ranges from not less than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) to 1/4 in. (6.4 mm) in dry thickness, depending upon the number of nonmetallic reinforcing mesh layers encapsulated in the base coat. The base coat is then covered with a finish coat of various thickness in a variety of textures and colors.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: C 1397 – 98
Standard Practice for
Application of Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1397; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope with Terminology C 11.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements and
3.2.1 accessories, n—preformed metal, fiberglass or plastic
procedures for field or prefabricated application of Class PB
members for use to form corners, edges, control joints, or
Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS). Class PB EIFS
decorative effects.
are defined as systems applied over various types of insulation
1 3.2.2 aesthetic joint, n—a deprecated term. See Aesthetic
board, in which the base coat ranges from not less than ⁄16 in.
1 Reveal.
(1.6 mm) to ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in dry thickness, depending upon
3.2.3 aesthetic reveal, n—a groove cut into the insulation
the number of nonmetallic reinforcing mesh layers encapsu-
board which serves the function of decoration and/or to provide
lated in the base coat. The base coat is then covered with a
a starting or stopping point for finish coat application.
finish coat of various thickness in a variety of textures and
3.2.4 back wrapping, n—a deprecated term. See Wrap.
colors.
3.2.5 base coat, n—the initial wet state material, either
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
factory or field-mixed, used to encapsulate the nonmetallic
as the standard. The metric values given in parentheses are
reinforcing mesh or fasten the insulation board to the substrate.
approximate and are provided for information purposes only.
3.2.6 cold joint, n—the visible junction in a finish coat.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
3.2.7 cure, v—to develop the ultimate properties of a wet
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
state material by a chemical process.
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
3.2.8 dry, v—to develop the ultimate properties of a wet
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
state material solely by evaporation of volatile ingredients.
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
3.2.9 durability, n—the capability of a building, assembly,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
component, product, or construction to maintain serviceability
2. Referenced Documents
over not less than a specified time.
3.2.10 embed, v—to encapsulate the nonmetallic reinforcing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mesh in the base coat.
C 11 Standard Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Re-
3.2.11 expansion joint, n—a structural separation between
lated Building Materials and Systems
building elements that allows independent movement without
C 79/C 79M Standard Specification for Treated Core and
damage to the assembly.
Nontreated Core Gypsum Sheathing Board
3.2.12 exterior insulation and finish system, n—(EIFS)—
C 1063 Standard Specification for Installation of Lathing
nonload bearing, exterior wall cladding system that consists of
and Furring to Receive Interior and Exterior Portland
an insulation board attached either adhesively, mechanically, or
Cement-Based Plaster
both to the substrate; an integrally reinforced base coat; and a
C 1177 Standard Specification for Glass Mat Gypsum Sub-
textured protective finish coat.
strate for Use as Sheathing
3.2.13 factory mix, v—a material that is prepared at the
C 1186 Standard Specification for Flat Non-Asbestos Fiber-
point of manufacture and is ready to use without the addition
Cement Sheets
of other materials, except possibly water to adjust consistency.
3. Terminology
3.2.14 flash set (quick set), n—the early hardening or
stiffness in the working characteristics of a Portland-cement
3.1 Definitions used in this standard shall be in accordance
paste, mortar, or concrete, usually with the evolution of
considerable heat. Stiffness cannot be dispelled nor the plas-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-11 on Gypsum
ticity regained by further mixing without addition of water;
and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility of
also known as “quick set.”
Subcommittee C11.05 on Application of Exterior Insulating and Finish Systems and
Related Products.
3.2.15 field mix, n—a material that is mixed in the field with
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1998. Published October 1998.
other components and/or water.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3 3.2.16 finish coat, n—the final wet state material, which
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 1397
provides color and texture, applied over the reinforced base 6. Inspection
coat.
6.1 Inspection of the materials shall be agreed upon between
3.2.17 framing member, n—studs, joist, runners (tracks),
the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purchase agree-
bridging, bracing, and related accessories manufactured or
ment.
supplied in wood or hot or cold formed steel.
7. Rejection
3.2.18 initial grab, n—the ability of a wet state material to
remain in place initially after it has been applied.
7.1 Materials that are damaged, frozen or in any way
3.2.19 initial set, n—a time related set caused by the
defective shall not be used. Rejection of materials shall be
hydration process.
promptly reported verbally to the producer and immediately
3.2.20 lamina, n—composite of base coat, reinforcement,
reported in writing. The notice of rejection shall contain a
and finish coat.
statement documenting the basis for material rejection.
3.2.21 mechanical fastener, n—corrosion resistant compo-
8. Certification
nent used to attach the insulation board to the substrate or
framing member.
8.1 When specified in the contract documents, the producer
3.2.22 nonmetallic reinforcing mesh, n—a fiberglass com-
shall furnish a report certifying that the materials are in
ponent of the EIFS encapsulated in the base coat to strengthen
conformance with product and material standards and contract
the system.
documents.
8.2 The insulation boards shall have been subjected to a
NOTE 1—Nonmetallic reinforcing mesh is available in various weights
third party quality control inspection and shall be marked as
to achieve different levels of impact resistance.
approved for use within the EIFS and in accordance with
3.2.23 pot life, n—the duration of time that the wet state
applicable building code.
material remains workable after it has been mixed.
8.3 Prior to installation, the insulation board shall be in-
3.2.24 primers, n—liquid coatings applied to improve the
spected for conformance with contract documents. Noncon-
adhesion of the EIFS to the substrate or of the finish to the base
forming insulation board shall not be used.
coat.
8.4 The insulation board producer shall furnish, for each
NOTE 2—Primers are sometimes applied to improve the water resis-
shipment, a written certificate of conformance with the EIFS
tance of cementitious base coats.
producer’s specifications.
3.2.25 reinforced base coat, n—base coat that has been
9. Storage of Materials
reinforced with a nonmetallic reinforcing mesh.
9.1 All materials shall be kept dry by storage under cover
3.2.26 running bond, n—pattern used when installing the
and protected from the weather. When outside storage is
thermal insulation board, to offset the vertical insulation board
required, materials shall be stacked off the ground, supported
joints from joints in previous rows of insulation board.
on a level platform and protected from the weather, surface
3.2.27 substrate, n—surface to which the EIFS is applied.
contamination or physical damage in accordance with the EIFS
3.2.28 surface sealer, n—material used to enhance weather
producer’s written instructions.
resistance.
9.2 Materials shall be protected from exposure to direct
3.2.29 temper, v—to bring to a workable state by adding
sunlight and temperatures less than 40°F (4°C).
water.
9.3 Portland Cement shall be kept dry until ready for use. It
3.2.30 texture, n—any surface appearance as contrasted to a
shall be kept off the ground, under cover and away from damp
smooth surface.
walls and surfaces.
3.2.31 thermal insulation board, n—a system component of
9.4 Insulation board shall be stacked flat with care taken to
a specific type and density that functions to reduce heat flow
avoid damage to edges, ends, or surfaces; or exposure to direct
through the wall and serves as the surface to receive the base
sunlight (ultraviolet radiation).
coat.
3.2.32 wet edge, n—the leading edge of a continuously
10. Environmental Conditions
applied wet state material.
10.1 Cold Weather Conditions:
3.2.33 wet state materials, n—the adhesive, base coat and
10.1.1 Wet materials shall not be applied when the tempera-
finish coat components applied in liquid or semi-liquid state.
ture is less than 40°F (4°C) unless temporary heat and
3.2.34 wrap, v—to protect the exposed edges of thermal
enclosures are provided to maintain minimum 40°F (4°C) for a
insulation board.
minimum period of not less than 24 h before, during, and after
4. Significance and Use
application (see Appendix X1.9.3).
10.1.2 Materials shall not be applied to a base containing
4.1 This practice provides minimum requirements for the
frost. Substrate surface temperature shall be not less than 40°F
application of Class PB EIFS. The requirements for materials,
(4°C). Mixtures for application shall not contain any frozen
mixtures, and details shall be contained in the project plans and
ingredients.
specifications.
5. Delivery of Materials 11. Assessment of Condition of Substrates to Receive
Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
5.1 All materials shall be delivered in packages, containers,
or bundles with the identification and markings intact. 11.1 The substrate shall be as required by the project plans
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 1397
and specifications and as recommended by the EIFS producer 11.6.1 All sheathing board substrates shall have all loose
for the particular system specified. dirt and dust removed by cleaning methods appropriate for the
job and job conditions.
11.2 The substrate shall be inspected by the applicator and
general contractor to ensure that it meets the project plans and 11.6.2 Efflorescence and laitance on concrete, masonry,
specifications and the requirements of 11.3-11.8. stucco or clay tile substrates shall be removed prior to EIFS
11.3 Sheathing materials shall be inspected to ensure that: application. Concrete masonry shall be cleaned by light sand-
blasting, pressure washing or brushing. Heavy deposits shall be
11.3.1 The specified sheathing thickness has been installed
for the stud spacing used. removed through use of hand or power impact tools followed
by washing with an appropriate cleaner. Light deposits shall be
11.3.2 Fastener type and fastener spacing are as specified.
11.3.3 All Specification C 79/C 79M gypsum sheathing removed by washing with an appropriate cleaner. All loose
particles and cleaner residue shall be removed by washing with
boards shall have a water-resistant core.
11.3.4 Tongue and groove water-resistant core gypsum clean, potable water. The surface shall be allowed to dry.
11.6.3 Existing paint on concrete or masonry surfaces shall
sheathing boards conforming to Specification C 79/C 79M
shall be installed with the tongue edge oriented to the top. be removed by sandblasting or grit blasting. If removal of
existing paint is not practical, an alternate attachment surface
11.3.5 Gypsum sheathing is protected from moisture at all
penetrations and terminations. or method shall be provided.
11.7 Dryness—No visible free water.
11.3.6 Glass mat gypsum sheathing complying with Speci-
fication C 1177 shall be installed in accordance with the sheet 11.7.1 Newly constructed concrete or masonry surfaces
shall be allowed to cure not less than 28 days prior to
producer’s written installation instructions, which include de-
application of the EIFS. Repaired areas on existing (aged)
tails of framing type and spacing, fastener type and spacing,
walls shall meet the same 28-day curing time.
and sheet orientation and spacing.
11.7.2 Sheathing must be dry prior to EIFS application.
11.3.7 Plywood shall be not less than ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm)
11.8 Metal Lath or Furring and Accessories—If metal lath
nominal in thickness, exterior or exposure 1 wood-based panel
or furring and accessories are used, they shall be installed in
sheathing. The plywood shall be installed with a ⁄8 in. (3.2
conformance with Specification C 1063, except butt-lapped, or
mm) space between sheets.
2 2
as otherwise noted. Metal lath shall be 3.4 lb/yd (1.3 kg/m ),
11.3.8 Fiber-cement sheets complying with Specification
self furring, galvanized.
C 1186, Type A, shall be installed in accordance with the sheet
11.8.1 These members shall be properly attached, straight,
producer’s written installation instructions, which include de-
and true unless required by the system design.
tails of stud type and spacing, fastener type and spacing, and
11.8.2 All metal members shall be free of rust, oil, or other
sheet spacing recommendations.
foreign matter or contaminants, which cause bond failure or
11.4 Alignment—All substrate surfaces shall be straight and
unsightly discoloration.
true within ⁄4 in. in 10 ft (2 mm/m). More stringent require-
ments by the EIFS producer shall supersede the above stated
12. Insulation Board Installation
requirements.
12.1 Method of attachment shall be approved by the system
11.5 Suitability for Use—The substrate surface shall be
producer and be in accordance with applicable building codes.
firm, sound, and undamaged in order to receive the EIFS.
12.2 Adhesive Attachment Method—The adhesive shall be
11.5.1 Loose, spalling or crumbling concrete or masonry
applied to the back of the insulation board by one to the
shall be removed by sandblasting or other appropriate means.
following methods:
If the surface condition of the substrate is at all in doubt, an
12.2.1 Notched Trowel:
alternative attachment surface or method shall be provided.
12.2.1.1 When a
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