ASTM D7902-14
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Radiochemical Analyses
Standard Terminology for Radiochemical Analyses
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology standard describes terms and definitions used in standards for radiochemical analysis maintained by ASTM Committee D19 on Water. The terminology is also recommended for general use in the radiochemistry community.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard describes terminology commonly used in radiochemistry and radioanalysis.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement, including some units that are not accepted for use with the SI, are also defined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7902 − 14
StandardTerminology for
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Radiochemical Analyses
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7902; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This standard describes terminology commonly used in 3.1 This terminology standard describes terms and defini-
radiochemistry and radioanalysis. tions used in standards for radiochemical analysis maintained
by ASTM Committee D19 on Water. The terminology is also
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
recommended for general use in the radiochemistry commu-
standard. Other units of measurement, including some units
nity.
that are not accepted for use with the SI, are also defined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Terminology: Terms and Definitions
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4π geometry, n—geometry in which the radiation detector has
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- essentially the same probability of detecting radiation from
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. the source emitted in any direction.
absorption (of radiation), n—transfer of some or all of the
2. Referenced Documents
energy of a radiation to matter it traverses.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
abundance,(1) n—probabilityofemissionofagivenradiation
D7282Practice for Set-up, Calibration, and Quality Control
during the decay of an atom of a given radionuclide;
of Instruments Used for Radioactivity Measurements
radiation emission probability—also called intensity;
2.2 International Bureau of Weights and Measures Docu-
(2) see isotopic abundance.
3
ments:
GUMGuide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measure- actinide, n—any element with atomic number between 89 and
103, including actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium,
ment (GUM), 100:2008
4 neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium.
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations Documents:
40 CFR 141.25Analytical Methods for Radioactivity
activation, n—inducement of radioactivity by irradiation.
40 CFR Appendix B to Part 136Definition and Procedure
activation analysis, n—analysis based on the characteristic
for the Determination of the Method Detection Limit
radiations emitted by nuclides formed by activation.
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2.4 ANSI Documents:
−1
ANSI N42.22Traceability of Radioactive Sources to the activity (for radionuclides), A [T ], n—mean rate of radio-
National Institute of Standards active decay in a quantity of material.
DISCUSSION—Theterm activitymaybequalifiedbyspecifyingoneor
238
more radionuclides (for example, U activity) or the type of decay
1
(for example, gross alpha activity).
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.04onMethodsofRadiochemi-
DISCUSSION—The SI unit of activity is the becquerel (Bq), which
cal Analysis.
−1
equals 1 s (one nuclear disintegration per second).
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2014. Published January 2015. DOI: 10.1520/
D7902-14.
activity concentration, (1) n—quotient of the activity of a
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM specified quantity of material and its volume; volumic
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
activity;
the ASTM website.
(2) n—quotient of the activity of a specified quantity of
3
Available from Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Pavillon de
material and its associated mass or size.
Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex, France, http://http://www.bipm.org.
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AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
aliquant, n—fractional part that does not evenly divide the
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov. whole.
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Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. aliquot, n—fractional part that evenly divides the whole.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7902 − 14
DISCUSSION—Chemistscommonlyusethetermaliquottomeaneither DISCUSSION—The concept of an attenuation coeffıcient may be
an aliquant or aliquot of a sample. applied to other types of radiation provided the attenuation follows
approximately an exponential law.
alpha decay, n—radioactive decay accompanied by
...
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