ASTM D5612-94(2003)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementation of a Water Quality Measurement Program
Standard Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementation of a Water Quality Measurement Program
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Environmental data are often required for making regulatory and programmatic decisions. These data must be of known quality commensurate with their intended use.
Certain minimal criteria must be met by the field organizations in order to meet the objectives of the water monitoring activities.
This guide defines the criteria for organizations taking water samples and generating environmental data and identifies other activities that may be required based on the DQOs.
This guide emphasizes the importance of communication among those involved in establishing the DQOs, planning, and implementing the sampling and analysis aspects of environmental data generation activities, and assessing data quality.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers planning and implementation of the sampling aspects of environmental data generation activities. Environmental data generation efforts are comprised of four parts: ( 1) establishment of data quality objectives (DQOs); ( 2) design of field sampling and measurement strategies and specification of laboratory analyses and data acceptance criteria; ( 3) implementation of sampling and analysis strategies; and ( 4) data quality assessment.
1.2 This guide defines the criteria that must be considered to ensure the quality of the field aspects of environmental data and sample generation activities.
1.3 DQOs should be adopted prior to the application of this guide. The data generated in accordance with this guide are subject to a final assessment to determine whether the DQOs were met. For example, many screening activities do not require all of the quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) steps found in this guide to generate data adequate to meet the project needs. The extent to which all of the requirements must be met remains a matter of technical judgement as it relates to the established DQOs.
1.4 This guide presents extensive management requirements designed to ensure high-quality samples and data. The words "must,"" shall," "may," and "should" have been selected carefully to reflect the importance placed on many of the statements made in this guide.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 5612–94 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Guide for
Quality Planning and Field Implementation of a Water
Quality Measurement Program
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5612; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
1.1 This guide covers planning and implementation of the
Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
sampling aspects of environmental data generation activities.
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
Environmental data generation efforts are comprised of four
duits
parts: (1) establishment of data quality objectives (DQOs); ( 2)
D 3856 Guide for Good Laboratory Practices in Laborato-
design of field sampling and measurement strategies and
ries Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Water
specification of laboratory analyses and data acceptance crite-
D 4210 Practice for Interlaboratory Quality Control Proce-
ria;(3)implementationofsamplingandanalysisstrategies;and
dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data
( 4) data quality assessment.
D 4447 Guide for the Disposal of Laboratory Chemicals
1.2 This guide defines the criteria that must be considered to
and Samples
ensure the quality of the field aspects of environmental data
D 4448 Guide for Sampling Groundwater Monitoring
and sample generation activities.
Wells
1.3 DQOs should be adopted prior to the application of this
D 4840 Guide for Sampling Chain-of-Custody Procedures
guide. The data generated in accordance with this guide are
D 4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
subject to a final assessment to determine whether the DQOs
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
were met. For example, many screening activities do not
D 5172 Guide for Documenting the Standard Operating
require all of the quality assurance (QA) and quality control
Procedures Used in a Specific Laboratory
(QC) steps found in this guide to generate data adequate to
D5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
meet the project needs. The extent to which all of the
lated to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assurance
requirements must be met remains a matter of technical
and Quality Control Planning and Implementation
judgement as it relates to the established DQOs.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.4 Thisguidepresentsextensivemanagementrequirements
Determine Conformance with Specifications
designed to ensure high-quality samples and data. The words
E 178 Practice for Dealing with Outlying Observations
“must,”“ shall,” “may,” and “should” have been selected
E 1187 Terminology Relating to LaboratoryAccredita-tion
carefully to reflect the importance placed on many of the
2.2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Documents:
statements made in this guide.
QAMS-005/80 (NTIS No. PB83170514/LL), Interm Guide-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lines and Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Project Plans, Office of Monitoring Systems and Quality
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Assurance, Dec. 29, 1980
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
QAMS-500/80. Development of Data Quality Objectives,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Description of Stages I and II, July 16, 1986
2. Referenced Documents QAMS-004/80 (NTIS No. PB83219667/LL), Guidelines
and Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance Pro-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
gram Plans, Office of Monitoring Systems and Quality
D 596 Practice for Reporting Results of Analysis of Water
Assurance, Sept. 20, 1980
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.02 on General Specifications.
Technical Resources, and Statistical Methods. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 5612–94 (1998). AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn. NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5612–94 (2003)
3. Terminology laboratory work, and they must be compatible with project
objectives. It is desirable that the field and laboratory organi-
3.1 Definitions—The terms that are most applicable to this
zations be aware of the DQOs so that the personnel conducting
guide have been defined in Terminologies D 1129 and E 1187.
theworkareabletomakeinformeddecisionsduringthecourse
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
of the project.
3.2.1 background sample—a sample taken from a location
6.3 Project Plan— The project plan should be designed to
on or proximate to the site of interest. This sample is taken to
meet the project objectives and DQOs.The project plan should
document baseline or historical information.
define the following:
3.2.2 collocated samples—independent samples collected
6.3.1 Specific Project Objectives—The objectives of the
as close as possible to the same point in space and time and
field and laboratory work must be defined clearly, define
intended to be identical.
specific objectives for the sampling location, and describe the
3.2.3 data quality objectives (DQOs)— statements on the
intendedusesforthedata.Theprojectobjectivemayneedtobe
level of uncertainty that a decision maker is willing to accept
reviewed as information is gathered. Any changes in the
in the results derived from environmental data (see QAMS-
project objective affecting field and laboratory activities should
500/80).
be communicated to the field and laboratory personnel.
3.2.4 material blank—a sample composed of construction
6.3.2 Background Information—Any background informa-
materials such as those used in well installation. Well devel-
tion that could affect meeting the project objective or DQOs
opment, pump and flow testing, and slurry wall construction.
should be provided. For example, the identification of any
Examples of these materials are bentonite, sand, drilling fluids,
regulatoryprogramsgoverningdatacollectionandanalysisand
and source and purge water. This blank documents the con-
thereasonforconductingthesamplecollectionworkshouldbe
tamination resulting from usage of the construction materials.
included in the background information.
3.2.5 quality assurance program plan (QAPP)—an orderly
6.3.3 Project management shall have individuals designated
assemblageofmanagementpolicies,objectives,principles,and
as having responsibility and authority for the following: ( 1)
general procedures by which an organization involved in
developing project documents that implement the DQOs; ( 2)
environmentaldatagenerationactivitiesoutlineshowitintends
selecting field and laboratory organizations to conduct the
to produce data of known quality.
work; (3) coordinating communication among the field and
3.2.6 quality assurance project plan (QAPjP)—an orderly
laboratoryorganizationsandgovernmentagencies,asrequired;
assemblage of detailed procedures designed to produce data of
and (4) reviewing and assessing the final data.
sufficient quality to meet the DQOs for a specific data
6.3.4 Sampling requirements shall be specified, including
collection activity.
sampling locations, equipment and procedures, and sample
preservation and handling.
4. Summary of Guide
6.3.5 Analytical requirements shall be specified, including
4.1 This guide describes the criteria and activities for
theanalyticalprocedures,analytelist,requireddetectionlimits,
organizations involved in obtaining water samples and gener-
and required precision and bias values. Regulatory require-
ating field data in terms of human and physical resources and
ments and DQOs shall be considered when developing the
QC procedures and documentation requirements depending on
specifications.
the DQOs or agreed upon project plan.
NOTE 1—The above does not imply that the specified analytical
5. Significance and Use requirements can be met.
5.1 Environmental data are often required for making regu-
6.3.6 The QA and QC requirements shall address both field
latory and programmatic decisions. These data must be of
and laboratory activities. The means for controlling false
known quality commensurate with their intended use.
positives and false negatives shall be specified.
5.2 Certain minimal criteria must be met by the field
6.3.6.1 The types and frequency of field QC samples to be
organizations in order to meet the objectives of the water
collected, including field blanks, duplicates, and spikes, trip
monitoring activities.
blanks, equipment rinsates, background samples, reference
5.3 This guide defines the criteria for organizations taking
materials, material blanks, and split samples, should be speci-
watersamplesandgeneratingenvironmentaldataandidentifies
fied. Control parameters for field activities shall be described
other activities that may be required based on the DQOs.
(see 7.6.3).
5.4 This guide emphasizes the importance of communica-
6.3.6.2 The types and frequency of laboratory QC samples,
tion among those involved in establishing the DQOs, planning,
such as laboratory control samples, laboratory blanks, matrix
and implementing the sampling and analysis aspects of envi-
spikes, matrix duplicates, and matrix spike duplicates, shall be
ronmentaldatagenerationactivities,andassessingdataquality.
specified. Any specific performance criteria shall be specified.
Data validation criteria shall be defined.
6. Project Specification
6.4 Project Documentation—All documents required for
6.1 Overall Project Objectives—The overall objectives of planning, implementing, and evaluating the data collection
the project must be defined prior to the start of any field and effort shall be specified. These may include, although are not
laboratory activities. limited to, a statement of work, technical and cost proposals,
6.2 Data Quality Objectives—DQOs for the data generation work plan, sampling and analysis plan, QAPjP, health and
activity should be defined prior to the initiation of field and safety plan, community relations plan, documents required by
D 5612–94 (2003)
regulatory agencies, requirements for raw field and analytical ance with the requirements of this section as is appropriate to
records,technicalreportsassessingtheenvironmentaldata,and the specific task(s) they are performing.
records retention policy. Planning documents shall specify the
7.3 Field Logistics:
required level of document control and identify the personnel
7.3.1 General—Sampling site facilities shall be examined
having access. Document formats that may be required to
prior to the start of work in order to ensure that all required
ensure that all data needs are satisfied shall be specified. In
itemsareavailable.Theactualsamplingareashallbeexamined
addition, a project schedule that identifies critical milestones
to ensure that trucks, drilling equipment, and personnel have
and completion dates should be available.
access to the site. Security, health and safety, and protection of
theenvironmentshallbecontrolledatthesitesupportareasand
7. Standard Guide for Environmental Field Operations
sampling site.
7.3.2 Field Measurements—Project planning documents
7.1 Purposes—the field organization must conduct its op-
shall both address the type of field measurements to be
erations in such a manner as to provide reliable information
performed and plan for the appropriate area to perform the
that meets the DQOs. To achieve this goal, certain minimum
work. Planning documents shall address ventilation, protection
policies and procedures must be implemented in order to meet
from extreme weather and temperatures, access to stable
the DQOs.
power, and provisions for water and gases of required purity.
7.2 Organization— The field organization shall be struc-
Plans shall be made to identify and supply applicable safety
tured such that each member of the organization has a clear
equipment, as specified in the project health and safety plan.
understanding of his or her duties and responsibilities and the
7.3.3 Sample Handling, Shipping, and Storage Area—The
relationship of those responsibilities to the total effort. The
determination of whether sample shipping is necessary shall be
organizational structure, functional responsibilities, levels of
made during project planning. This need is established by
authority, job descriptions, and lines of communication for
evaluating the analyses required, holding times (see Practice
activities shall be established and documented. One person
D 4841), and location of the site and laboratory. Shipping or
may cover more than one organizational function.
transporting of the samples to a laboratory shall be completed
7.2.1 Management—Themanagementpersonnelofthefield
in a timely manner, ensuring that the laboratory is allowed
organization is responsible for establishing organizational,
sufficient time to perform its analysis within any required
operational, health and safety, and QA policies. Management
holding times.
shall ensure that the following requirements are met: ( 1) the
7.3.3.1 Samples shall be packaged, labeled, and docu-
appropriate methodologies are followed, as documented in the
mented in an area that minimizes sample contamination and
standard operating procedures (SOPs); (2) personnel under-
provides for safe storage. The level of custody and whether
stand clearly their duties and responsibilities; ( 3) each staff
sample storage is required shall be outlined in the planning
member has access to appropriate project documents; (4) any
documents.
deviations from the project plan are communicated to project
7.3.4 Chemical Storage— Safe storage areas for solvents,
management; and (5) communication occurs between the field,
laboratory,andprojectmanagements,asspecifiedintheproject reagents, standards, and reference materials shall be adequate
to preserve their identity, concentration, purity, and stability
plan. Management shall foster an attitude within the organiza-
tion that emphasizes the importance of quality and supports prior to use.
implementation of the QAPjP. 7.3.5 Decontamination— Decontamination of sampling
7.2.2 Quality
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.