ASTM A571/A571M-01(2019)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic ductile iron castings for compressors, expanders, pumps, valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service. The castings covered here are Type D-2M, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. The castings shall be made in the electric-arc furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which is capable of producing castings. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, chromium, and phosphorus. The castings shall undergo tension tests and impact tests, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, Brinell hardness, and Charpy V-notch.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic ductile iron, Type D-2M, Classes 1 and 2, for compressors, expanders, pumps, valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service.
1.2 These grades of austenitic ductile iron are characterized by having their graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and free of flake graphite. They are essentially free of carbides and contain sufficient alloy content to produce a stable austenitic matrix down to −423 °F [−252 °C] (liquid hydrogen).
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A571/A571M −01 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing
Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA571/A571M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron, Type
A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
D-2M, Classes 1 and 2, for compressors, expanders, pumps,
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily
E8/E8MTest Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
for low-temperature service.
terials
1.2 These grades of austenitic ductile iron are characterized
E23Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-
by having their graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and
tallic Materials
free of flake graphite.They are essentially free of carbides and
E30TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofSteel,CastIron,
contain sufficient alloy content to produce a stable austenitic
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
matrix down to −423°F [−252°C] (liquid hydrogen).
E59Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
of Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 1996)
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3. Ordering Information
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
the following information:
with the standard.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
3.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the 3.1.3 Material class (Table 1),
test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This
3.1.4 Impact test temperature requirement (Section 11),
standarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns, 3.1.5 Place of inspection (Section 13), and
ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuser
3.1.6 Certification requirements (Section 14).
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
4. Materials and Manufacture
regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Material—The iron shall be made in the electric-arc
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
is capable of producing castings meeting the chemical compo-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sitions and mechanical properties in this specification.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.2 Heat Treatment:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2.1 All castings shall be heat treated.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.2.2 Heat treatment shall be performed before machining
except in instances when reheat treating is necessary.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A04 on
Iron Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable
and Ductile Iron Castings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A571/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A571M–01(2015). DOI: 10.1520/A0571_A0571M-01R19. the ASTM website.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
cation SA-571 in Section II of that code. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A571/A571M − 01 (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [mPa] 65 60 [450] [415]
B
Yield Strength 0.2 % (offset), min, ksi [mPa] 30 25 [205] [170]
Elongation, min, % 30 25 30 25
Brinell Hardness, 3000 kg [kgf] 121–171 111–171 121–171 111–171
Charpy V-notch, ft·lbf [J]
min, average 3 tests 15 20 [20] [27]
C
min, individual test 12 15 [16] [20]
A
Heat-treated condition.
B
Yield Strength shall be determined at 0.2 % offset by the offset method, see Test Methods E8/E8M. Other methods may be agreed upon by mutual consent of
manufacturer and purchaser.
C
Not more than one test in a set of three may be below the minimum average required for the set of three.
4.2.3 Heat treatment shall consist of annealing. The proce- 7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
dure for this type of treatment shall consist of heating the
7.1 The castings shall conform to the dimensions and
casting to a minimum of 1600°F [870°C] but not greater than
tolerances on the drawings furnished by the purchaser, or if no
1800°F [980°C], holding at that temperature not less than
drawing has been provided, to the dimensions predicated by
1h⁄in. [1h⁄25 mm] of section, and furnace cooling. (See
thepatternsuppliedbythepurchaser.Thecastingsshallbefree
Terminology A941.)
from injurious defects. Surfaces of the castings shall be free of
burnt-on sand and shall be reasonably smooth. Runners, risers,
5. Chemical Requirements
fins,andotheruselesscast-onpiecesshallberemoved.Inother
5.1 Drillings taken from test coupons, broken test
respects, the castings shall conform to whatever points may be
specimens, or castings shall conform to the requirements as to
specifically agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
purchaser.
5.2 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made on
8. Sampling
either chilled cast pencil-type specimens or thin wafers ap-
proximately ⁄32 in. [0.8 mm] thick cut from test coupons. 8.1 The standard test coupons shall be the 1-in. [25-mm]
“Y”blockand1-in.[25-mm]keelblockasshowninFig.1and
Drillings shall not be used because of attendant loss of
graphite. Fig. 2, respectively.
8.2 The separately cast test coupons from which the tension
6. Physical Property Requirements
test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape
6.1 Tensile Properties—The room temperature mechanical
propertiesofthetwoclassesofductileironusedforthecasting
shallconformtotherequirementsfortheheat-treatedcondition
shown in Table 1.
6.2 Impact Properties—The notched-bar impact properties
of the materials shall be determined by testing a set of three
Charpy V-notch impact specimens to the energy absorption
requirements shown in Table 1. The test temperature shall be
agreeduponbythemanufacturerandthepurchaser.Theenergy
absorption values shown in Table 1 are applicable at tempera-
tures down to and including −320°F [−195°C].
6.3 Brinell Hardness—The room temperature hardness of
test bars and castings shall conform to the requirements of
“Y” Block Size
Table 1.
For Castings For Castings For Castings
of Thickness of Thickness of Thickness
Dimensions
1 1 1 1
Less Than ⁄2 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2 in. of 1 ⁄2 in. [40 mm]
in. [12.5 mm] [12.5 to 40 mm] and Over
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm]
Element Composition, %
A ⁄2 [12.5] 1 [25] 3 [75]
A
Total carbon 2.2–2.7 1
B 1 [25] 2 ⁄8 [55] 5 [125]
Silicon 1.5–2.50
C 2 [50] 3 [75] 4 [100]
Manganese 3.75–4.5
D 4 [100] 6 [150] 8 [200]
Nickel 21.0–24.0
E 7 [175] 7 [175] 7 [175]
B
Chromium 0.20 max
approx approx approx
Phosphorus 0.08 max 9 1 1
F ⁄16 [14] 1 ⁄16 [27] 3 ⁄16 [78]
1 1 1
A
1 G7 ⁄8 [180] 7 ⁄8 [180] 7 ⁄8 [180]
For castings with sections under ⁄4 in. [6 mm], it may be desirable to adjust the
approx approx approx
carbon upwards to a maximum of 2.90 %.
B
Not intentionally add
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A571/A571M − 01 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing
Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A571/A571M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2 3
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron, Type 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D-2M, Classes 1 and 2, for compressors, expanders, pumps, A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily Alloys, and Ferroalloys
for low-temperature service. E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
terials
1.2 These grades of austenitic ductile iron are characterized
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-
by having their graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and
tallic Materials
free of flake graphite. They are essentially free of carbides and
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast Iron,
contain sufficient alloy content to produce a stable austenitic
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
matrix down to −423 °F [−252 °C] (liquid hydrogen).
E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
of Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 1996)
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each 3. Ordering Information
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
the following information:
with the standard.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
3.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
3.1.3 Material class (Table 1),
test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This
3.1.4 Impact test temperature requirement (Section 11),
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
3.1.5 Place of inspection (Section 13), and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3.1.6 Certification requirements (Section 14).
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
4. Materials and Manufacture
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Material—The iron shall be made in the electric-arc
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
is capable of producing castings meeting the chemical compo-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sitions and mechanical properties in this specification.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.2 Heat Treatment:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2.1 All castings shall be heat treated.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.2.2 Heat treatment shall be performed before machining
except in instances when reheat treating is necessary.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A04 on
Iron Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable
and Ductile Iron Castings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A571/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A571M – 01 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/A0571_A0571M-01R19. the ASTM website.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
cation SA-571 in Section II of that code. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A571/A571M − 01 (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [mPa] 65 60 [450] [415]
B
Yield Strength 0.2 % (offset), min, ksi [mPa] 30 25 [205] [170]
Elongation, min, % 30 25 30 25
Brinell Hardness, 3000 kg [kgf] 121–171 111–171 121–171 111–171
Charpy V-notch, ft·lbf [J]
min, average 3 tests 15 20 [20] [27]
C
min, individual test 12 15 [16] [20]
A
Heat-treated condition.
B
Yield Strength shall be determined at 0.2 % offset by the offset method, see Test Methods E8/E8M. Other methods may be agreed upon by mutual consent of
manufacturer and purchaser.
C
Not more than one test in a set of three may be below the minimum average required for the set of three.
4.2.3 Heat treatment shall consist of annealing. The proce- 7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
dure for this type of treatment shall consist of heating the
7.1 The castings shall conform to the dimensions and
casting to a minimum of 1600 °F [870 °C] but not greater than
tolerances on the drawings furnished by the purchaser, or if no
1800 °F [980 °C], holding at that temperature not less than
drawing has been provided, to the dimensions predicated by
1 h ⁄in. [1 h ⁄25 mm] of section, and furnace cooling. (See
the pattern supplied by the purchaser. The castings shall be free
Terminology A941.)
from injurious defects. Surfaces of the castings shall be free of
burnt-on sand and shall be reasonably smooth. Runners, risers,
5. Chemical Requirements
fins, and other useless cast-on pieces shall be removed. In other
5.1 Drillings taken from test coupons, broken test
respects, the castings shall conform to whatever points may be
specimens, or castings shall conform to the requirements as to
specifically agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
purchaser.
5.2 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made on
8. Sampling
either chilled cast pencil-type specimens or thin wafers ap-
8.1 The standard test coupons shall be the 1-in. [25-mm]
proximately ⁄32 in. [0.8 mm] thick cut from test coupons.
Drillings shall not be used because of attendant loss of “Y” block and 1-in. [25-mm] keel block as shown in Fig. 1 and
Fig. 2, respectively.
graphite.
8.2 The separately cast test coupons from which the tension
6. Physical Property Requirements
test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape
6.1 Tensile Properties—The room temperature mechanical
properties of the two classes of ductile iron used for the casting
shall conform to the requirements for the heat-treated condition
shown in Table 1.
6.2 Impact Properties—The notched-bar impact properties
of the materials shall be determined by testing a set of three
Charpy V-notch impact specimens to the energy absorption
requirements shown in Table 1. The test temperature shall be
agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. The energy
absorption values shown in Table 1 are applicable at tempera-
tures down to and including −320 °F [−195 °C].
6.3 Brinell Hardness—The room temperature hardness of
test bars and castings shall conform to the requirements of
“Y” Block Size
Table 1.
For Castings For Castings For Castings
of Thickness of Thickness of Thickness
Dimensions
1 1 1 1
Less Than ⁄2 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2 in. of 1 ⁄2 in. [40 mm]
in. [12.5 mm] [12.5 to 40 mm] and Over
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm]
Element Composition, %
A ⁄2 [12.5] 1 [25] 3 [75]
A
Total carbon 2.2–2.7 1
B 1 [25] 2 ⁄8 [55] 5 [125]
Silicon 1.5–2.50
C 2 [50] 3 [75] 4 [100]
Manganese 3.75–4.5
D 4 [100] 6 [150] 8 [200]
Nickel 21.0–24.0
E 7 [175] 7 [175] 7 [175]
B
Chromium 0.20 max
approx approx approx
Phosphorus 0.08 max
9 1 1
F ⁄16 [14] 1 ⁄16 [27] 3 ⁄16 [78]
1 1 1
A
1 G 7 ⁄8 [180] 7 ⁄8 [180] 7 ⁄8 [180]
For castings with sections under ⁄4 in. [6 mm], it may be desirable to adjust the
approx approx approx
carbon upwards to a maximum of 2.90 %.
B
Not intentionally added.
FIG. 1 “Y” Blocks for Test Coupons
----------------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A571/A571M − 01 (Reapproved 2015) A571/A571M − 01 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing
Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A571/A571M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron, Type D-2M, Classes 1 and 2, for compressors, expanders, pumps, valves,
and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service.
1.2 These grades of austenitic ductile iron are characterized by having their graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and free
of flake graphite. They are essentially free of carbides and contain sufficient alloy content to produce a stable austenitic matrix
down to −423°F [−252°C]−423 °F [−252 °C] (liquid hydrogen).
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 1996)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
3.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,
3.1.3 Material class (Table 1),
3.1.4 Impact test temperature requirement (Section 11),
3.1.5 Place of inspection (Section 13), and
3.1.6 Certification requirements (Section 14).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A04 on Iron Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable and
Ductile Iron Castings.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2015November 2019. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20112015
as A571/A571M – 01 (2011).(2015). DOI: 10.1520/A0571_A0571M-01R15. 10.1520/A0571_A0571M-01R19.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-571 in Section II of that code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A571/A571M − 01 (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [mPa] 65 60 [450] [415]
B
Yield Strength 0.2 % (offset), min, ksi [mPa] 30 25 [205] [170]
Elongation, min, % 30 25 30 25
Brinell Hardness, 3000 kg [kgf] 121–171 111–171 121–171 111–171
Charpy V-notch, ft·lbf [J]
min, average 3 tests 15 20 [20] [27]
C
min, individual test 12 15 [16] [20]
A
Heat-treated condition.
B
Yield Strength shall be determined at 0.2 % offset by the offset method, see Test Methods E8E8/E8M. Other methods may be agreed upon by mutual consent of
manufacturer and purchaser.
C
Not more than one test in a set of three may be below the minimum average required for the set of three.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Material—The iron shall be made in the electric-arc furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which is
capable of producing castings meeting the chemical compositions and mechanical properties in this specification.
4.2 Heat Treatment:
4.2.1 All castings shall be heat treated.
4.2.2 Heat treatment shall be performed before machining except in instances when reheat treating is necessary.
4.2.3 Heat treatment shall consist of annealing. The procedure for this type of treatment shall consist of heating the casting to
a minimum of 1600°F [870°C]1600 °F [870 °C] but not greater than 1800°F [980°C]1800 °F [980 °C], holding at that temperature
not less than 11 h h/in.⁄in. [1 h [1 h/25 ⁄25 mm] of section, and furnace cooling. (See Terminology A941.)
5. Chemical Requirements
5.1 Drillings taken from test coupons, broken test specimens, or castings shall conform to the requirements as to chemical
composition prescribed in Table 2.
5.2 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made on either chilled cast pencil-type specimens or thin wafers
approximately ⁄32-in. [0.8-mm] in. [0.8 mm] thick cut from test coupons. Drillings shall not be used because of attendant loss of
graphite.
6. Physical Property Requirements
6.1 Tensile Properties—The room temperature mechanical properties of the two classes of ductile iron used for the casting shall
conform to the requirements for the heat-treated condition shown in Table 1.
6.2 Impact Properties—The notched-bar impact properties of the materials shall be determined by testing a set of three Charpy
V-notch impact specimens to the energy absorption requirements shown in Table 1. The test temperature shall be agreed upon by
the manufacturer and the purchaser. The energy absorption valuevalues shown in Table 1 are applicable at temperatures down to
and including −320°F [−195°C].−320 °F [−195 °C].
6.3 Brinell Hardness—The room temperature hardness of test bars and castings shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
7.1 The castings shall conform to the dimensions and tolerances on the drawings furnished by the purchaser, or if no drawing
has been provided, to the dimensions predicated by the pattern supplied by the purchaser. The castings shall be free from injurious
defects. Surfaces of the castings shall be free of burnt-on sand and shall be reasonably smooth. Runners, risers, fins, and other
useless cast-on pieces shall be removed. In other respects, the castings shall conform to whatever points may be specifically agreed
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Element Composition, %
A
Total carbon 2.2–2.7
Silicon 1.5–2.50
Manganese 3.75–4.5
Nickel 21.0–24.0
B
Chromium 0.20 max
Phosphorus 0.08 max
A
For castings with sections under ⁄4 in. [6 mm], it may be desirable to adjust the
carbon upwards to a maximum of 2.90 %.
B
Not intentionally added.
A571/A571M − 01 (2019)
8. Sampling
8.1 The standard test coupons shall be the 1-in. [25-mm] “Y” block and 1-in. [25-mm] keel block as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.
2, respectively.
8.2 The separately cast test coupons from which the tension test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape
shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2. The size of coupon cast to represent the casting shall be at the option of the purchaser. In case no option
is expressed, the manufacturer shall make the choice.
8.3 Test coupons shall be poured immediately after the castings and from the same ladle of metal. Test coupons shall be left
in the mold until they have cooled black. Test coupons shall be included in the same furnace load as the castings they represent
(see Fig. 3).
9. Number of Tests and Retests
9.1 Test coupons shall be poured from each ladle treated with nodulizing agent
...
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