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ASTM F2608-15e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Change in Room Air Particulate Counts as a Result of the Vacuum Cleaning Process

Standard Test Method for Determining the Change in Room Air Particulate Counts as a Result of the Vacuum Cleaning Process

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.  
4.2 To provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance in 4.1, a standardized test chamber, equipment, floor covering material, and dust particulate are used in this test method.  
4.3 Due to the large range of generated particle counts observed among products in the vacuum cleaner industry at the present time, the test results of the maximum particle counts generated under this test method are expressed in Log10 equivalents for evaluation and comparison of product performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming process.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and combination cleaners.  
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2015
ICS
13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
Technical Committee
F11 - Vacuum Cleaners
Drafting Committee
F11.23 - Filtration
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: F2608 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Change in Room Air Particulate Counts as
1
a Result of the Vacuum Cleaning Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2608; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 13 editorially in September 2016.
1. Scope F922Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of an Electric
Motorized Nozzle
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the
F1038Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of a Canister,
measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the
Hand-held, Stick, and UtilityTypeVacuum CleanerWith-
vacuuming process.
out a Driven Agitator
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/
F1334Test Method for Determining A-Weighted Sound
commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum
Power Level of Vacuum Cleaners
systems, and combination cleaners.
F1409Test Method for Straight Line Movement of Vacuum
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor Cleaners While Cleaning Carpets
coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.
2.2 AHAM Standard:
ANSI/AHAM AC-1-2006Test Method for Performance of
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3
Portable Household Electric Room Air Cleaners
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
2.3 Other References:
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, IEC 60312Vacuum Cleaners for Household Use—Methods
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to for Measuring the Performance
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its Standard LaboratoryPractice for Quantifying Respirable
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to Particulate Emissions Generated by Residential/
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter- Commercial Vacuums and Central Vacuum Systems, Car-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. pet and Rug Institute, 12/4/02
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions:
F555Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of an Upright
3.1.1 model, n—designation of a group of vacuum cleaners
Vacuum Cleaner
having identical mechanical and electrical construction with
F608Test Method for Evaluation of Carpet Embedded Dirt
only cosmetic or nonfunctional differences.
Removal Effectiveness of Household/Commercial
3.1.2 population, n—total of all units of a particular model
Vacuum Cleaners
vacuum cleaner being tested.
F655Specification for Test Carpets and Pads for Vacuum
3.1.3 repeatability limit, n—value below which the absolute
Cleaner Testing
difference between two individual test results obtained under
F884Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of a Built-In
the repeatability condition may be expected to occur with a
(Central Vacuum) Vacuum Cleaner
probability of approximately 0.95 (95%).
3.1.4 test run, n—definitive procedure that produces a sin-
1
gular measured result.
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF11onVacuum
Cleaners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F11.23 on Filtration.
3.1.5 unit, n—single vacuum cleaner of the model being
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally
tested.
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2608–07 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/F2608-15E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, 19th St.
the ASTM website. NW, Suite 402, Washington, DC 20036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
F2608 − 15
4. Significance and Use 5.2.2 Framework—Standard 5.1 by 10.2 cm (2 by 4 in.) or
equivalent construction sealed to the floor line with caulking
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated
compound.
into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor
5.2.3 Walls—Anyhard,cleanablesurface,suchaswallboard
covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined.
(sealed with a washable latex semi-gloss paint) or stainless
Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will
steel. Seal with caulking compound.
all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the labora-
5.2.4 Flooring—Any hard, seamless clean
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: F2608 − 15 F2608 − 15 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Change in Room Air Particulate Counts as
1
a Result of the Vacuum Cleaning Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2608; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 13 editorially in September 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming
process.
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and
combination cleaners.
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F555 Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of an Upright Vacuum Cleaner
F608 Test Method for Evaluation of Carpet Embedded Dirt Removal Effectiveness of Household/Commercial Vacuum Cleaners
F655 Specification for Test Carpets and Pads for Vacuum Cleaner Testing
F884 Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of a Built-In (Central Vacuum) Vacuum Cleaner
F922 Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of an Electric Motorized Nozzle
F1038 Test Method for Motor Life Evaluation of a Canister, Hand-held, Stick, and Utility Type Vacuum Cleaner Without a
Driven Agitator
F1334 Test Method for Determining A-Weighted Sound Power Level of Vacuum Cleaners
F1409 Test Method for Straight Line Movement of Vacuum Cleaners While Cleaning Carpets
2.2 AHAM Standard:
3
ANSI/AHAM AC-1-2006 Test Method for Performance of Portable Household Electric Room Air Cleaners
2.3 Other References:
IEC 60312 Vacuum Cleaners for Household Use—Methods for Measuring the Performance
Standard Laboratory Practice for Quantifying Respirable Particulate Emissions Generated by Residential/Commercial Vacuums
and Central Vacuum Systems, Carpet and Rug Institute, 12/4/02
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 model, n—designation of a group of vacuum cleaners having identical mechanical and electrical construction with only
cosmetic or nonfunctional differences.
3.1.2 population, n—total of all units of a particular model vacuum cleaner being tested.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F11 on Vacuum Cleaners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F11.23 on Filtration.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2608–07 (2014). DOI:
10.1520/F2608-15.10.1520/F2608-15E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, 19th St. NW, Suite 402, Washington, DC 20036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
F2608 − 15
3.1.3 repeatability limit, n—value below which the absolute difference between two individual test results obtained under the
repeatability condition may be expected to occur with a probability of approximately 0.95 (95 %).
3.1.4 test run, n—definitive procedure that produces a singular measured result.
3.1.5 unit, n—single vacuum cleaner of the model being tested.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor
covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be
measured. The
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of lead (Pb) in airborne particulate, dust by wipe and micro-vacuuming, paint, and soil collected in and around buildings and related structures by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) and is derived from Test Methods D4185 and E1613.  
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other values of measurement are included in this standard.  
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5.1 Guidance is provided on designing model evaluation performance procedures and on the difficulties that arise in statistical evaluation of model performance caused by the stochastic nature of dispersion in the atmosphere. It is recognized there are examples in the literature where, knowingly or unknowingly, models were evaluated on their ability to describe something which they were never intended to characterize. This guide is attempting to heighten awareness, and thereby, to reduce the number of “unknowing” comparisons. A goal of this guide is to stimulate development and testing of evaluation procedures that accommodate the effects of natural variability. A technique is illustrated to provide information from which subsequent evaluation and standardization can be derived.
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1.2 This guide has been designed with flexibility to allow expansion to address various characterizations of atmospheric dispersion, which might involve dose or concentration fluctuations, to allow development of application-specific evaluation schemes, and to allow use of various statistical comparison metrics. No assumptions are made regarding the manner in which the models characterize the dispersion.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 A primary use intended for this practice is for qualifying ASTM International Standards as Standard Test Methods. In the past, a “Precision and Bias” report has been required. However, recently a statement of uncertainty has become an acceptable alternative to Guide D3670. Inclusion of such a statement with a method description simplifies comparison of ASTM Test Methods to analogous ISO and Committee for European Normalization (CEN) standards, now required to have uncertainty statements.  
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ASTM D6196-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Choosing Sorbents, Sampling Parameters and Thermal Desorption Analytical Conditions for Monitoring Volatile Organic Chemicals in Air

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is recommended for use in measuring the concentration of VOCs in ambient, indoor, and workplace atmospheres. It may also be used for measuring emissions from materials in small or full scale environmental chambers for material emission testing or human exposure assessment.  
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5.4 Such measurements in workplace air are of importance because of the known toxic effects of many such compounds.
Note 1: While workplace air monitoring has traditionally been carried out using disposable sorbent tubes, typically packed with charcoal and extracted using chemical desorption (solvent extraction) prior to GC analysis – for example following NIOSH and OSHA reference methods – routine thermal desorption (TD) technology was originally developed specifically for this application area. TD overcomes the inherent analyte dilution limitation of solvent extraction improving method detection limits by 2 or 3 orders of magnitude and making methods easier to automate. Relevant international standard methods include ISO 16017-1 and ISO 16017-2. For a detailed history of the development of analytical thermal desorption and a comparison with solvent extraction methods see Ref (6).  
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1.1 This practice is intended to assist in the selection of sorbents and procedures for the sampling and analysis of ambient (1),2 indoor (2), and workplace (3, 4) atmospheres for a variety of common volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It may also be used for measuring emissions from materials in small or full scale environmental chambers or for human exposure assessment.  
1.2 This practice is based on the sorption of VOCs from air onto selected sorbents or combinations of sorbents. Sampled air is either drawn through a tube containing one or a series of sorbents (pumped sampling) or allowed to diffuse, under controlled conditions, onto the sorbent surface at the sampling end of the tube (diffusive or passive sampling). The sorbed VOCs are subsequently recovered by thermal desorption and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography.  
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ASTM D7788-14(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Collection of Total Airborne Fungal Structures via Inertial Impaction Methodology

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for the collection of airborne fungal spores or fragments, or both, using inertial impaction.  
4.2 It is the responsibility of the user to assure that they are in compliance with all local, state and federal regulations governing the inspection of buildings for fungal colonization and the collection of associated samples.  
4.3 This practice is intended to provide the user with a basic understanding of the equipment, materials and instructions necessary to effectively collect air samples using an inertial impactor.  
4.4 This practice, when properly executed, may also be used for the evaluation of other types of airborne particles with the capturing characteristics appropriate for inertial impactor, and for which appropriate analytical methods exist. Such particles may include dust mites, skin cells, pollen, and other materials.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this practice is to describe procedures for the collection of airborne fungal spores or fragments, or both, using inertial impaction sampling techniques.  
1.2 This practice is not intended to limit the user from the collection of other airborne particulates that may be of interest and captured through this technique.  
1.3 This practice presumes that the user has a fundamental understanding of field investigative techniques related to the scientific process, and sampling plan development and implementation. It is important to establish the related hypothesis to be tested and the supporting analytical methodology needed in order to identify the sampling media to be used and the laboratory conditions for analysis.  
1.4 This practice does not address the development of a formal hypothesis or the establishment of appropriate and defensible investigation and sampling objectives. It is presumed the investigator has the experience and knowledge base to address these issues.  
1.5 This practice does not provide the user sufficient information to allow for interpretation of the analytical results from sample collection. It is the user's responsibility to seek or obtain the information and knowledge necessary to interpret the sample results reported by the laboratory.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2115-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Conducting Lead Hazard Assessments of Dwellings and of Other Child-Occupied Facilities

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide is intended to help prevent lead poisoning of children by providing standardized procedures for conducting a lead hazard assessment and providing information needed to develop and recommend lead hazard control options as described in Practice E2252.  
5.2 This guide is applicable for use in either occupied or unoccupied dwellings and in other child-occupied facilities.  
5.3 The procedures in this guide, when supplemented by recommendations for controlling lead hazards, provide for the conduct of a lead risk assessment of a dwelling or of other child-occupied facilities.  
5.4 This guide may be used to supplement assessment procedures used to determine the causes of elevated blood lead (EBL) levels in young children.
Note 2: In cases of EBL levels, investigation of the total living environment of the child and a pediatric medical evaluation may also be needed. Reference should be made to documents such as Managing Elevated Blood Lead Levels Among Young Children,6 Preventing Lead Poisoning in Young Children (1991),7 the HUD Guidelines, and Screening Young Children for Lead Poisoning (1997).7  
5.5 Although this guide was developed for dwellings and for other child-occupied facilities, this guide may be suitable for lead hazard assessments in non-residential buildings and other properties following agreement between assessor and client on appropriate lead action levels.  
5.6 This guide is not intended for use in identifying building materials that when abraded or otherwise degraded, such as that which may occur in remodeling or renovation activities, may result in lead hazards.  
5.7 Lead hazard assessment reports describe lead hazards identified at the time the assessment was performed. The locations, types, or severities of lead hazards can change over time as a result of property improvement or deterioration, significant changes in property use, or other factors.
Note 3: The term “lead-free” should never be used to describe the absence of ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers how to conduct, document, and report findings of a lead hazard assessment of dwellings and of other child-occupied facilities.  
1.2 Procedures for assessment of personal items, such as toys, dishes, and hobby materials that may contribute to elevated lead levels in blood are not included in this guide.  
1.3 Procedures for random sampling of units within dwellings having multiple units are not included.  
1.4 This guide contains notes, which are explanatory, and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this guide.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5.1 Exception—The inch-pound and SI units shown for wipe sampling data are to be individually regarded as standard for wipe sampling data.  
1.6 Methods described in this guide may not meet or be allowed by requirements or regulations established by local authorities having jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to comply with all such requirements and regulations.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8406-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation of Ambient Outdoor Air Quality Sensors and Sensor-based Instruments for Portable and Fixed-point Measurement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient air quality measurements. Public and private air monitoring interests have manifested themselves as a driving force for the deployment of air quality sensors and instruments to quantify air pollutant concentrations in communities, around schools, around industrial facilities, and elsewhere. Users of air quality sensors require information on the performance and limitations of these devices so that informed decisions regarding their suitability for various purposes can be determined. This practice describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate instrument repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift and comparability with more costly instruments typically used by entities such as government agencies. The air quality sensors are first evaluated in a laboratory chamber by comparing their response to a reference instrument and challenging the gas sensors with interferents. The sensors are then deployed outdoors for field testing at two sites with different climates against reference air quality instruments. This practice is intended to be referenced in standards and codes that establish minimum performance quality for sensor-based ambient outdoor air monitoring.  
5.2 This practice is intended for air quality sensors that measure one or more of the criteria pollutants in ambient air (ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, PM10 and PM2.5) that can be operated in outdoor environments and can log a concentration reading. It is not intended for devices or transducers that require additional enclosures for deployment outdoors or post-processing to convert their output signal into a pollutant concentration reading.  
5.3 It is anticipated that the main users of this practice will be manufacturers, developers, and distributors of outdoor air quality sensors, air quality agenc...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient outdoor air quality measurements. It describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate sensor repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift, and comparability against reference instruments.  
1.2 This practice does not apply to sensors or instruments that remotely measure atmospheric pollutants using open path, lidar, or imaging technology.  
1.3 The evaluation procedures contained in this practice are for sensors that alone or in combination measure outdoor criteria pollutants in ambient air: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), or nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at concentrations that are relevant to public health.  
1.4 Testing is to be performed by a competent entity able to demonstrate that it operates in conformity with internationally accepted test laboratory quality standards such as ISO/IEC 17025.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1914-95(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 ASTM requires the use of SI units in all its publications and their use in reporting atmospheric measurement data. However, there are historic data and even data currently reported that are based on a variety of units of measurement. This practice tabulates factors that are necessary to convert such data to SI and other units of measurement.  
3.2 IEEE/ASTM SI-10 does not list all the conversion factors commonly used in air pollution and meteorological fields. This practice supplements IEEE/ASTM SI-10.  
3.3 The values reported here were obtained from a number of standard publications. They were adjusted to five figures and organized in a rational order. All values reflect the latest information from the 16th General Conference on Weights and Measurements held in 1979.  
3.4 The factors in Table 1 are provided to change units of measurement from one system to related units in other systems, as well as to smaller or larger units in the same system.  
3.5 Values of units in the left column may be converted to values of units in the right column merely by multiplying by the conversion factor provided in the center column.  (A) For specific applications and exceptions, see Terminology D1356.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides units and factors useful for members of the air pollution and meteorological communities.  
1.2 This practice is used together with IEEE/ASTM SI-10, which discusses SI units and contains selected conversion factors for inter-relation of SI units and some commonly used non-metric units.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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