ASTM E1933-14(2022)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers
Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The emissivity of a specimen can cause surface temperature measurement errors. Two procedures are provided for measuring and compensating for this error source.
5.2 These procedures can be used in the field or laboratory, using commonly available materials.
5.3 These procedures can be used with any infrared radiometers that have the required computer capabilities.
5.4 The values of emissivity are defined only in terms of the procedure for the purpose of process control and nondestructive evaluation of materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for measuring and compensating for emissivity when measuring the surface temperature of a specimen with an infrared imaging radiometer.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 These procedures may involve use of equipment and materials in the presence of heated or electrically-energized equipment, or both.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Nov-2022
- Technical Committee
- E07 - Nondestructive Testing
- Drafting Committee
- E07.10 - Specialized NDT Methods
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2018
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2013
Overview
ASTM E1933-14(2022), titled Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers, provides standardized procedures for accurate surface temperature measurement via infrared imaging radiometry. Emissivity, the efficiency with which a surface emits thermal radiation, can significantly affect temperature readings. This ASTM standard outlines practical methods to measure and compensate for emissivity, enhancing precision in nondestructive testing and process control of materials.
The standard applies equally in laboratory and field settings, using commonly available materials and equipment. It is intended for use with any infrared imaging radiometer equipped with the necessary computational capabilities.
Key Topics
- Emissivity Measurement: Clear procedures to measure the emissivity of specimen surfaces using both contact and non-contact methods.
- Compensation Techniques: Guidelines to adjust infrared radiometer settings based on measured emissivity values to correct for temperature measurement errors.
- Procedural Flexibility: Methods are adaptable for use with a variety of infrared imaging radiometers, provided they offer relevant software or computational features.
- Safety and Accuracy Considerations: Highlights the need for safety precautions and environmental awareness, especially when using heated or electrically energized equipment.
- Application Scope: Emissivity values obtained are specific to the test procedure, temperature, and radiometer spectral waveband, ensuring relevance for process control and nondestructive evaluation.
- Error Reduction: Recommendations for minimizing potential errors including the use of surface-modifying materials and maintaining stable temperature differentials during testing.
Applications
ASTM E1933-14(2022) is widely used across industries where precise surface temperature measurement is critical, including:
- Nondestructive Testing (NDT): Essential for inspecting structural integrity and identifying defects in materials without causing damage.
- Process Control: Helps ensure consistent quality by accurately monitoring and controlling thermal processes in manufacturing and engineering.
- Material Evaluation: Supports research and development activities by providing reliable temperature data for material characterization.
- Maintenance and Troubleshooting: Enables predictive and preventive maintenance in electrical, mechanical, and building systems through accurate infrared thermography.
- Quality Assurance: Assists in meeting regulatory and industry requirements for product safety and performance.
Related Standards
For those implementing or referencing ASTM E1933-14(2022), familiarity with the following related standards is beneficial:
- ASTM E1316 - Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations: Provides key definitions and standardized terminology used in nondestructive testing practices.
- Additional practices and guidelines from ASTM E07 Committee on Nondestructive Testing, foundational for professionals engaged in thermal imaging and radiometric testing.
Practical Value
By standardizing the measurement and compensation of emissivity in infrared thermography, ASTM E1933-14(2022) increases the accuracy and reliability of surface temperature assessments. Professionals using infrared imaging radiometers benefit from reduced measurement errors, streamlined processes, and enhanced traceability in temperature-sensitive applications. Following this standard promotes consistency, safety, and compliance, supporting quality outcomes across various industries.
Keywords: emissivity, infrared imaging radiometer, temperature measurement, nondestructive testing, infrared thermography, standard practice, ASTM E1933.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM E1933-14(2022) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The emissivity of a specimen can cause surface temperature measurement errors. Two procedures are provided for measuring and compensating for this error source. 5.2 These procedures can be used in the field or laboratory, using commonly available materials. 5.3 These procedures can be used with any infrared radiometers that have the required computer capabilities. 5.4 The values of emissivity are defined only in terms of the procedure for the purpose of process control and nondestructive evaluation of materials. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers procedures for measuring and compensating for emissivity when measuring the surface temperature of a specimen with an infrared imaging radiometer.2 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 These procedures may involve use of equipment and materials in the presence of heated or electrically-energized equipment, or both. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The emissivity of a specimen can cause surface temperature measurement errors. Two procedures are provided for measuring and compensating for this error source. 5.2 These procedures can be used in the field or laboratory, using commonly available materials. 5.3 These procedures can be used with any infrared radiometers that have the required computer capabilities. 5.4 The values of emissivity are defined only in terms of the procedure for the purpose of process control and nondestructive evaluation of materials. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers procedures for measuring and compensating for emissivity when measuring the surface temperature of a specimen with an infrared imaging radiometer.2 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 These procedures may involve use of equipment and materials in the presence of heated or electrically-energized equipment, or both. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM E1933-14(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM E1933-14(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM E1316-24, ASTM E1316-19b, ASTM E1316-19, ASTM E1316-18, ASTM E1316-17a, ASTM E1316-17, ASTM E1316-16a, ASTM E1316-16, ASTM E1316-15a, ASTM E1316-15, ASTM E1316-14e1, ASTM E1316-14, ASTM E1316-13d, ASTM E1316-13c, ASTM E1316-13b. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM E1933-14(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1933 − 14 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Practice for
Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared
Imaging Radiometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1933; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 reflected temperature—the temperature of the energy
incident upon and reflected from the measurement surface of
1.1 This practice covers procedures for measuring and
the specimen.
compensating for emissivity when measuring the surface
temperature of a specimen with an infrared imaging radiom- 3.1.2 surface-modifying material—any tape, spray, paint, or
the like that is used to change the emissivity of the specimen
eter.
surface.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3.2 See also Terminology E1316.
standard.
4. Summary of Practice
1.3 These procedures may involve use of equipment and
materials in the presence of heated or electrically-energized
4.1 Two procedures are given for measuring the emissivity
equipment, or both. of a specimen surface, the contact thermometer method and the
non-contact thermometer method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Aprocedure is also given for compensating for the error
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
produced by emissivity using the computer built into an
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
infrared imaging radiometer.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 The emissivity of a specimen can cause surface tem-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
perature measurement errors. Two procedures are provided for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
measuring and compensating for this error source.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 5.2 These procedures can be used in the field or laboratory,
using commonly available materials.
2. Referenced Documents
5.3 These procedures can be used with any infrared radi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ometers that have the required computer capabilities.
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
5.4 The values of emissivity are defined only in terms of the
procedure for the purpose of process control and nondestruc-
3. Terminology
tive evaluation of materials.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Interferences
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- 6.1 Contact Thermometer Method—Contact thermometers
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.10 on
can act as heat sinks and change the temperature of the
Specialized NDT Methods.
specimen.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E1933 – 14(2018).
6.2 Noncontact Thermometer Method:
DOI: 10.1520/E1933-14R22.
6.2.1 The use of surface-modifying materials can change
These procedures are adapted from the Guideline for Measuring and Compen-
the heat transfer properties and temperature of the specimen.
sating for Reflected Temperature, Emittance and Transmittance developed by the
Infraspection Institute, 425 Ellis Street, Burlington, NJ 08016.
Any such errors can be minimized by applying surface-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
modifying materials to the smallest area that satisfies the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
measurement accuracy requirements of the radiometer and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. infrared thermographer.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1933 − 14 (2022)
6.2.2 Before the surface-modifying material is applied to an 8.1.2 Point the infrared imaging radiometer at the specimen
area of the specimen adjacent to the area where the emissivity and focus on the portion where the emissivity is to be
is to be measured (as directed in 8.2.4), errors can be measured.
minimized by viewing the imager display to ensure that both
8.1.3 Use an appropriate infrared imaging radiometer mea-
areas have the same temperature.
surement function (such as spot temperature, crosshairs, or
6.2.3 When removing a surface-modifying material, as di-
isotherm) to measure and compensate for the reflected tem-
rected in 8.2.7, errors can be minimized by ensuring that the
perature error incident upon the specimen.
surface is returned to its original condition.
NOTE 2—Such measurements are generally more accurate when the
6.3 Both procedures require the specimen to be at a tem-
measurement is averaged over a small region of the image. Use of an
perature that is at least 10 °C warmer or cooler than the average temperature box or a narrow band isotherm will produce more
reproducible results than single pixel measurements.
ambient temperature. Potential errors can be minimized by
ensuring the stability of the temperature difference between the
8.1.4 Use the contact thermometer to measure the tempera-
specimen and the ambient temperature during the procedure.
ture of the point or area just measured in 8.1.3. Record this
Also, the
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