ASTM D1093-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues
Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual mineral acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the distillation residue or aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation residues. (WarningMany hydrocarbon liquids are extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can cause a flash fire.)
1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon liquid, proceed in accordance with 9.2 or 9.3, but substitute 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution when phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.
1.3 The results obtained by this test method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1093 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation
1
Residues
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1093; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of
Petroleum Products
the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation resi-
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
dues. (Warning—Many hydrocarbon liquids are extremely
Petroleum Products
flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can
cause a flash fire.)
3. Terminology
1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon
3.1 Definitions:
liquid, proceed in accordance with 9.2 or 9.3, but substitute 3
3.1.1 acidity, n—the quality, state or degree of being acid.
drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the criterion for
orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution
acidity is a pink or red color when methyl orange indicator is
when phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.
used.
1.3 The results obtained by this test method are qualitative
3.1.2 basicity, n—the quality, state or degree of being basic.
expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In this test method, the criterion for
the procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the
basicity is a pink or red color when phenolphthalein indicator
standard.
is used.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 distillation residue, n—that portion of the sample
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
remaining after distillation using specified procedures.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The sample of distillation residue or hydrocarbon liquid
2. Referenced Documents
is shaken with water and the aqueous layer tested for acidity to
2
methyl orange indicator.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
4.2 The aqueous layer can also be tested for basicity using
Atmospheric Pressure
phenolphthalein indicator.
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
Oils
5. Significance and Use
D850 Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic
5.1 Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid
Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual
D1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Or-
mineral acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The
ganic Liquids
absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the
distillation residue or aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally 6. Apparatus
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1093–04(2007).
6.1 Centrifuge Tube, cone-shaped, 100-mL capacity; cali-
DOI: 10.1520/D1093-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or bration not necessary.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 Centrifuge, capable of swinging two centrifuge tubes at
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 1500 rpm.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1093 − 11
NOTE 1—Apparatus used for Test Method D91 is satisfactory.
9.2 Distillation Residue—After measuring the percent resi-
due collected from the distillation by Test Method D86, Test
7. Reagents
Method D850, or Test Method D1078 as required, extract the
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be residuewithwaterasdescribedbelow.Useeitherthegraduated
cylinder containing the residue from the distillation procedure
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents sh
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1093–04 (Reapproved 2007) Designation: D1093 – 11
Standard Test Method for
Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation
1
Residues
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1093; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation residues.
(Warning—Many hydrocarbon liquids are extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can cause a flash
fire.)
1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon liquid, proceed in accordance with 9.2 or 9.3, but substitute 3 drops
of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution when
phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.
1.3 The results obtained by this test method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the
procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils
D850 Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
D1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 acidity, n—the quality, state or degree of being acid.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the criterion for acidity is a pink or red color when methyl orange indicator is used.
3.1.2 basicity, n—the quality, state or degree of being basic.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In this test method, the criterion for basicity is a pink or red color when phenolphthalein indicator is used.
3.1.3 distillation residue, n—that portion of the sample remaining after distillation using specified procedures.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample of distillation residue or hydrocarbon liquid is shaken with water and the aqueous layer tested for acidity to
methyl orange indicator.
4.2 The aqueous layer can also be tested for basicity using phenolphthalein indicator.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.06 on
Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved MayDec. 1, 2007.2011. Published June 2007.January 2012. Originally approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 20042007 as
D1093–04.D1093–04(2007). DOI: 10.1520/D1093-04R07.10.1520/D1093-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1093 – 11
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual mineral
acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the distillation residue or
aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Centrifuge Tube, cone-shaped, 100-mL capacity; calibration not necessary.
6.2 Centrifuge, capable of swinging two centrifuge tubes at 1500 rpm.
NOTE 1—Apparatus used for Test Method D91 is satisfactory.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unles
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.