ASTM D2786-91(2001)e1

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by high ionizing voltage mass spectrometry of seven saturated hydrocarbon types and one aromatic type in saturate petroleum fractions having average carbon numbers 16 through 32. The saturate types include alkanes (0-rings), single-ring naphthenes, and five fused naphthene types with 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 rings. The nonsaturate type is monoaromatic. Noncondensed naphthenes are analyzed as single rings. Samples must be nonolefinic and must contain less than 5 volume % monoaromatic. Composition data are in volume percent.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Oct-1991
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0M - Mass Spectrometry

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2786-91(1996) - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-1991
• Replaced By: ASTM D2786-91(2006) - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D2549-23 - Standard Test Method for Separation of Representative Aromatics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils by Elution Chromatography
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-1991

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
e1
Designation:D2786–91(Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions
by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2786; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Footnote 5 was editorially corrected in November 2001.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination by high 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ionizing voltage mass spectrometry of seven saturated hydro- 3.1.1 Characteristic Mass Groupings:
carbon types and one aromatic type in saturate petroleum 3.1.1.1
fractions having average carbon numbers 16 through 32. The
( 71 5 71 1 85 1 99 1 113 ~alkanes!. (1)
saturate types include alkanes (0-rings), single-ring naph-
3.1.1.2
thenes, and five fused naphthene types with 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
( 69 5 69 1 83 1 97 1 111 1 125 1 139 ~12ring!. (2)
rings. The nonsaturate type is monoaromatic. Noncondensed
naphthenes are analyzed as single rings. Samples must be
3.1.1.3
nonolefinic and must contain less than 5 volume % monoaro-
( 109 5 109 1 123 1 137 1 151 1 165 1 179 1 193 ~22ring!.
matic. Composition data are in volume percent.
(3)
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be
3.1.1.4
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
( 149 5 149 1 163 1 177 1 191 1 205 1 219 1 233 1 247 ~32ring!.
provided for information purposes only.
(4)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1.1.5
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
( 189 5 189 1 203 1 217 1 231 1 245 1 259 1 273 1 287
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1 301 ~42ring!. (5)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1.6
2. Referenced Documents ( 229 5 229 1 243 1 257 1 271 1 285 1 299 1 313 1 327 1 341
1 355 ~52ring!. (6)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.1.7
D 2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative Aro-
matics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils
( 269 5 269 1 283 1 297 1 311 1 325 1 339 1 353 1 367 1 381
by Elution Chromatography 1 395 1 409 ~62ring!. (7)
D 3239 Test Method for Aromatic Types Analysis of Gas-
3.1.1.8
Oil Aromatic Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass
( 91 5 91 1 105 1 117 1 119 1 129 1 131 1 133 1 143 1 145
Spectrometry
1 147 1 157 1 159 1 171 ~monoaromatic!. (8)
E 137 Practice for Evaluation of Mass Spectrometers for
Quantitative Analysis from a Batch Inlet
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The relative abundance of alkanes (0-ring), 1-ring,
2-ring, 3-ring, 4-ring, 5-ring, and 6-ring naphthenes in petro-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee leum saturate fractions is determined by mass spectrometry
D02.04on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
using a summation of mass fragment groups most characteris-
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 1991. Published December 1991. Originally
tic of each molecular type. Calculations are carried out by the
published, as D 2786 – 69. Last previous edition, D 2786 – 86.
Hood, A., and O’Neal, M. J., Advances in Mass Spectrometry, AMSPA,
Waldron, 1959, p. 175.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Discontinued; see 1992 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2786
use of inverted matrices (derived from ion intensity calibration 6.2 Sample Inlet System—Any inlet system may be used
sensitivities) that are specific for any average carbon number. that permits the introduction of the sample without loss,
The saturate fraction is obtained by liquid elution chromatog-
contamination, or change in composition. The system must
raphy, see Test Method D 2549.
function in the range from 125 to 350°C to provide an
appropriate sampling device.
5. Significance and Use
6.3 Microburet or Constant-Volume Pipet.
5.1 Aknowledgeofthehydrocarboncompositionofprocess
streamsandpetroleumproductsboilingwithintherangeof205
7. Reagents
to 540°C (400 to 1000°F) is useful in following the effect of
changes in process variables, diagnosing the source of plant
7.1 n-Hexadecane.(Warning—Combustible. Vapor harm-
upsets and in evaluating the effect of changes in composition
ful.)
on product performance properties.
5.2 This test method, when used together with Test Method
8. Calibration
D 3239, provides a detailed analysis of the hydrocarbon
8.1 Calibration matrix inverses are attached in Table 1
composition of such materials.
which may be used directly provided the following procedures
6. Apparatus
are followed.
6.1 Mass Spectrometer—The suitability of the mass spec-
trometer to be used with this method shall be proven by
performance tests described both herein and in Recommended
Practice E 137.
TABLE 1 Calibration Matrix Inverses
(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5344 −0.0292 −0.0066 0.0215 0.0299 . . −0.0151
1 Ring −0.0610 0.3403 −0.2146 −0.1162 −0.0362 . . −0.0112
2 Ring −0.0039 0.0170 0.8491 −0.6968 −0.3420 . . −0.0048
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0004 + 0.0115 1.7220 −1.3545 . . 0.0152
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0039 −0.0138 3.2594 . . −0.0485
MA −0.0007 −0.0029 −0.0237 −0.1566 −0.3494 . . 0.3521
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6543 −0.0358 −0.0081 0.0264 0.0366 . . −0.0185
1 Ring −0.0866 0.3416 −0.2143 −0.1171 −0.0377 . . −0.0101
2 Ring −0.0053 0.0172 0.8492 −0.6968 −0.3420 . . −0.0046
3 Ring 0.0001 −0.0004 0.0115 1.7220 −1.3545 . . 0.0152
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0039 −0.0138 3.2594 . . −0.0485
MA 0.0001 −0.0029 −0.0237 −0.1565 −0.3493 . . 0.3521
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5243 −0.0311 −0.0075 0.0227 0.0322 . . −0.0163
1 Ring −0.0660 0.3403 −0.2130 −0.1164 −0.0385 . . −0.0121
2 Ring −0.0038 0.0154 0.8375 −0.6826 −0.3318 . . −0.0052
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0004 0.0095 1.6824 −1.3111 . . 0.0166
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0039 −0.0147 3.1247 . . −0.0527
MA −0.0007 −0.0027 −0.0220 −0.1514 −0.3331 . . 0.3612
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6435 −0.0382 −0.0092 0.0279 0.0395 . . −0.0200
1 Ring −0.0942 0.3418 −0.2125 −0.1176 −0.0403 . . −0.0112
2 Ring −0.0054 0.0155 0.8375 −0.6826 −0.3319 . . −0.0052
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0002 0.0090 1.6825 −1.3111 . . 0.0166
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0040 −0.0147 3.1247 . . −0.0527
MA 0.0000 −0.0027 −0.0220 −0.1514 −0.3331 . . 0.3612
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5175 −0.0338 −0.0085 0.0234 0.0344 . . −0.0178
1 Ring −0.0720 0.3404 −0.2091 −0.1183 −0.0404 . . −0.0136
2 Ring −0.0039 0.0138 0.8183 −0.6626 −0.3213 . . −0.0057
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 0.0062 1.6426 −1.2784 . . 0.0179
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0040 −0.0158 3.0158 . . −0.0567
MA −0.0007 −0.0025 −0.0206 −0.1445 −0.3010 . . 0.3677
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6335 −0.0414 −0.0103 0.0286 0.0422 . . −0.0215
1 Ring −0.1016 0.3424 −0.2086 −0.1197 −0.0424 . . −0.0126
2 Ring −0.0054 0.0140 0.8184 −0.6626 −0.3214 . . −0.0056
D2786
TABLE 1 Continued
(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 0.0062 1.6426 −1.2784 . . 0.0179
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0040 −0.0158 3.0158 . . −0.0566
MA −0.0002 −0.0025 −0.0206 −0.1445 −0.3200 . . 0.3677
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5109 −0.0363 −0.0094 0.0202 0.0404 . . −0.0190
1 Ring −0.0773 0.3396 −0.2080 −0.1161 −0.0413 . . −0.0154
2 Ring −0.0038 0.0118 0.8076 −0.6491 −0.3184 . . −0.0061
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 0.0032 1.6068 −1.2432 . . 0.0193
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0041 −0.0179 2.9192 . . −0.0614
MA −0.0008 −0.0023 −0.0192 −0.1369 −0.2980 . . 0.3764
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6239 −0.0443 −0.0115 0.0246 0.0494 . . −0.0232
1 Ring −0.1079 0.3418 −0.2073 −0.1173 −0.0438 . . −0.0142
2 Ring −0.0053 0.0120 0.8077 −0.6493 −0.3184 . . −0.0061
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0002 0.0030 1.6068 −1.2432 . . 0.0193
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0041 −0.0179 2.9192 . . −0.0614
MA −0.0004 −0.0023 −0.0192 −0.1369 −0.2980 . . 0.3764
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5099 −0.0397 0.0105 0.0183 0.0458 0.0412 . −0.0223
1 Ring −0.0835 0.3403 −0.2066 −0.1137 −0.0418 0.0375 . −0.0190
2 Ring −0.0036 0.0097 0.7972 −0.6412 −0.3106 −0.1542 . 0.0000
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 −0.0014 1.5634 −1.2179 −0.5944 . 0.0468
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 −0.0409 2.7690 −1.4656 . −0.0029
5 Ring 0.0004 0.001 0.0085 0.0630 0.0996 4.2055 . −0.1831
MA −0.0008 −0.0022 −0.0188 −0.1382 −0.2910 −0.4521 . 0.4049
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6188 −0.0481 −0.0127 0.0222 0.0555 0.0499 . −0.0270
1 Ring −0.1151 0.3427 −0.2059 −0.1149 −0.0446 0.0350 . −0.0176
2 Ring −0.0051 0.0098 0.7972 −0.6412 −0.3107 −0.1544 . 0.0001
3 Ring 0.0001 −0.0003 −0.0014 1.5634 −1.2179 −0.5944 . 0.0468
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 −0.0409 2.7690 −1.4656 . −0.0029
5 Ring 0.0003 0.0010 0.0085 0.0630 0.0996 4.2054 . −0.1831
MA −0.0007 −0.0022 −0.0188 −0.1382 −0.2910 −0.4521 . 0.4049
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5077 −0.0431 −0.0119 0.0195 0.0454 0.0441 . −0.0242
1 Ring −0.0888 0.3393 −0.2025 −0.1147 −0.0429 0.0334 . −0.0212
2 Ring −0.0033 0.0074 0.7808 −0.6176 −0.3082 −0.1470 . −0.0003
3 Ring −0.0001 −0.0002 −0.0037 1.5192 −1.1698 −0.5596 . 0.0483
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 −0.0416 2.6715 −1.4243 . −0.0056
5 Ring 0.0004 0.0009 0.0078 0.0592 0.0898 3.9781 . −0.1851
MA −0.0009 −0.0020 −0.0173 −0.1308 −0.2717 −0.4172 . −0.4123
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6140 −0.0522 −0.0144 0.0235 0.0550 0.0533 . −0.0292
1 Ring −0.1216 0.3421 −0.2016 −0.1158 −0.0458 0.0305 . −0.0196
2 Ring −0.0048 0.0076 0.7811 −0.6176 −0.3082 −0.1472 . −0.0001
3 Ring −0.0001 −0.0002 −0.0037 1.5192 −1.1698 −0.5596 . 0.0483
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 −0.0416 2.6715 −1.4232 . −0.0056
5 Ring 0.0005 0.0009 0.0078 0.0592 0.0893 3.9781 . −0.1851
MA −0.0010 −0.0020 −0.0173 −0.1308 −0.2717 −0.4172 . 0.4123
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5084 −0.0474 −0.0133 0.0210 0.0435 0.0484 . −0.0263
1 Ring −0.0946 0.3397 −0.1995 −0.1145 −0.0440 0.0307 . −0.0240
2 Ring −0.0030 0.0050 0.7661 −0.6016 −0.3016 −0.1444 . −0.0005
3 Ring −0.0002 0.0000 −0.0072 1.4778 −1.1214 −0.5559 . 0.0517
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0018 −0.0411 2.5629 −1.3179 . −0.0117
5 Ring 0.0004 0.0008 0.0072 0.0564 0.0829 3.7619 . −0.1890
MA −0.0010 −0.0018 −0.0161 −0.1252 −0.2574 −0.3897 . 0.4237
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6096 0.0568 −0.0160 0.0252 0.0521 0.0580 . −0.0316
1 Ring −0.1267 0.3427 −0.1986 −0.1158 −0.0468 0.0277 . −0.0223
2 Ring −0.0044 0.0053 0.7662 −0.6016 −0.3018 −0.1445 . −0.0004
3 Ring −0.0003 0.0000 −0.0072 1.4778 −1.1213 −0.5559 . 0.0517
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0018 −0.0411 2.5629 −1.3179 . −0.0177
5 Ring 0.0007 0.0008 0.0072 0.0564 0.0829 3.7619 . −0.1890
MA −0.0015 −0.0018 −0.0161 −0.1253 −0.2574 −0.3897 . 0.4238
D2786
TABLE 1 Continued
(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5093 −0.0518 −0.0153 0.0226 0.0407 0.0521 . −0.0285
1 Ring −0.1003 0.3404 −0.1976 −0.1142 −0.0446 0.0282 . −0.0269
2 Ring −0.0024 0.0021 0.7580 −0.5880 −0.3011 −0.1405 . −0.0008
3 Ring −0.0002 0.0001 −0.0103 1.4393 −1.0839 −0.5414 . 0.0542
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0020 −0.0425 2.4806 −1.2840 . −0.0149
5 Ring 0.0005 0.0007 0.0066 0.0539 0.0750 3.6015 . −0.1927
MA −0.0011 −0.0017 −0.0148 −0.1189 −0.2409 −0.3560 . 0.4300
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6093 −0.0619 −0.0183 0.0270 0.0487 0.0624 . −0.0341
1 Ring −0.1338 0.3439 −0.1965 −0.1156 −0.0473 0.0248 . −0.0250
2 Ring −0.0038 0.0023 0.7580 −0.5882 −0.3013 −0.1406 . −0.0008
3 Ring −0.0004 0.0001 −0.0103 1.4393 −1.0839 −0.5415 . 0.0542
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0020 −0.0426 2.4806 −1.2840 . −0.0149
5 Ring 0.0009 0.0007 0.0066 0.0539 0.0750 3.6016 . −0.1927
MA −0.0190 −0.0016 −0.0148 −0.1189 −0.2410 −0.3561 . 0.4300
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5105 −0.0566 −0.0174 0.0249 0.0434 0.0528 0.0372 −0.0324
1 Ring −0.1061 0.3414 −0.1960 −0.1128 −0.0420 0.0288 0.0761 −0.0337
2 Ring −0.0016 −0.0011 0.7505 −0.5807 −0.2908 −0.1418 0.0047 −0.0011
3 Ring −0.0003 0.0004 −0.0146 1.4098 −1.0564 −0.5371 −0.2987 0.0706
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0014 −0.0506 2.3673 −1.2328 −0.6560 0.0085
5 Ring 0.0004 0.0005 0.0048 0.0407 0.0457 3.3827 −0.9376 −0.1544
6 Ring 0.0005 0.0006 0.0055 0.0457 0.0911 0.1138 3.9809 −0.1763
MA −0.0012 −0.0015 −0.0143 −0.1190 −0.2369 −0.3388 −0.4136 0.4594
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6094 −0.0675 −0.0208 0.0297 0.0518 0.0631 0.0444 −0.0397
1 Ring −0.1403 0.3451 −0.1948 −0.1145 −0.0449 0.0253 0.0736 −0.0315
2 Ring −0.0032 −0.0009 0.7506 −0.5808 −0.2910 −0.1420 0.0045 −0.0010
3 Ring −0.0006 0.0004 −0.0145 1.4098 −1.0564 −0.5352 −0.2986 0.0706
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0014 −0.0506 2.3673 −1.2328 −0.6560 0.0085
5 Ring 0.0009 0.0005 0.0048 0.0407 0.0457 3.3828 −0.9376 −0.1544
6 Ring 0.0010 0.0005 0.0055 0.0457 0.0911 0.1139 3.9809 −0.1764
MA −0.0026 −0.0014 −0.0142 −0.1190 −0.2370 −0.3389 −0.4137 0.4595
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5132 −0.0621 −0.0196 0.0262 0.0471 0.0493 0.0383 −0.0344
1 Ring −0.1115 0.3425 −0.1930 −0.1133 −0.0435 0.0302 0.0753 −0.0380
2 Ring −0.0009 −0.0040 0.7378 −0.5623 −0.2821 −0.1450 −0.0032 −0.0005
3 Ring −0.0005 0.0006 −0.0185 1.3763 −1.0229 −0.5229 −0.2858 0.0741
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0019 −0.0520 2.2834 −1.1777 −0.6213 0.0034
5 Ring 0.0005 0.0005 0.0043 0.0389 0.0409 3.2347 −0.8915 −0.1577
6 Ring 0.0005 0.0005 0.0048 0.0424 0.0836 0.1304 3.7174 −0.1753
MA −0.0013 −0.0014 −0.0128 −0.1125 −0.2213 −0.3157 −0.3738 0.4652
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6096 −0.0738 −0.0233 0.0311 0.0559 0.0586 0.0455 −0.0409
1 Ring −0.1449 0.3465 −0.1918 −0.1150 −0.0461 0.0256 0.0727 −0.0358
2 Ring −0.0023 −0.0039 0.7378 −0.5624 −0.2821 −0.1452 −0.0032 −0.0005
3 Ring −0.0008 0.0007 −0.0185 1.3762 −1.0229 −0.5229 −0.2857 0.0741
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0019 −0.0520 2.2834 −1.1777 −0.6213 0.0034
5 Ring 0.0011 0.0004 0.0043 0.0389 0.0410 3.2347 −0.8914 −0.1578
6 Ring 0.0012 0.0004 0.0048 0.0424 0.0836 0.1034 3.7175 −0.1754
MA −0.0032 −0.0012 −0.0127 −0.1126 −0.2215 −0.3159 −0.3740 0.4653
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5161 −0.0679 −0.0225 0.0282 0.0500 0.0496 0.0388 −0.0369
1 Ring −0.1166 0.3429 −0.1912 −0.1146 −0.0445 0.0291 0.0764 −0.0425
2 Ring 0.0003 −0.0080 0.7313 −0.5486 −0.2776 −0.1391 −0.0096 −0.0006
3 Ring −0.0005 0.0010 −0.0225 1.3441 −0.9981 −0.4986 −0.2786 0.0779
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.002
...