ASTM A649/A649M-10(2020)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery
Standard Specification for Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard requirements for premium quality alloy steel semifinished rolled or forged blooms and billets for reforging into aircraft and aerospace critical parts such as landing-gear forgings. Covered here are three basic classifications of steel, namely: Class I, steel manufactured by vacuum-induction melting or consumable-electrode vacuum melting process; Class II, air-melted steel manufactured by electric-furnace vacuum degassing process; Class III, air-melted steel manufactured by electric-furnace ladle refining and vacuum degassing processes. Steel materials shall be heat-treated and hot-worked by either hot rolling or forging. Alloy steels shall be examined by heat and product analyses and hardenability tests, and shall conform to chemical composition and maximum annealed Brinell hardness requirements. Quality evaluation tests, such as macrotech, microcleanliness, and nondestructive ultrasonic (both immersion and contact examination) inspection, shall be performed as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers two kinds of rolls used in machinery for producing corrugated paperboard. Rolls are fabricated of forged bodies and trunnions. The trunnions may be bolted or shrink assembled on one or both ends of the body. A seal weld may be made at the body/trunnion interface. Roll shells are made of carbon/manganese, or low alloy steel as hereinafter described, and are heat treated prior to assembly. Pressure rolls may be ordered surface hardened as Condition H, or without surface hardening as Condition S. Provision is made in Supplementary Requirements S1 and S3 for the optional surface hardening of corrugating rolls.
1.2 Corrugating and pressure rolls made to this specification shall not exceed 30 in. [760 mm] in inside diameter. The wall thickness of the roll body shall not be less than 1/12 of the inside diameter or 1 in. [25 mm], whichever is greater, but shall not exceed 4 in. [100 mm]. The wall thickness of the corrugating roll is measured at the bottom of the corrugations in the location of the trunnion fit. The maximum design temperature (MDT) of the roll is 600 °F [315 °C] and the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) is 250 psi [1.7 MPa]. The minimum design temperature shall be 40 °F [4 °C] for roll wall thicknesses up to 3 in. [75 mm]. For roll wall thicknesses over 3 in. [75 mm] to 4 in. [100 mm], the minimum design temperature shall be 120 °F [50 °C]. The maximum stresses on the roll bodies from the combined internal and external loading are limited to 18 750 psi [129 MPa] for the Class 2 pressure roll bodies, and 20 000 psi [138 MPa] for Class 1A, 1B, or 5 pressure or corrugating roll bodies in Grades 1 or 2. For the trunnions, the maximum stresses from the combined internal and external loading are limited to 15 000 psi [103.4 MPa] for Classes 3 or 4, or 20 000 psi [138 MPa] for Classes 1A, 1B, or 5 in Grade 2 only. The Grade 1 strength level is not permissible for trunnions.
1.3 Referring to Table 1, material to Classes 1A, 1B, or 5 shall be used for the manufacture of corrugating or pressure roll shells, and Class 2 shall be used only for pressure roll shells. Trunnions shall be made from forgings in Classes 1A, 1B, or 5 in Grade 2 strength level as restricted by Footnote B in Table 2 or in forgings in either Class 3 or 4.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
1.6 Except as specifically required in this standard, all of the provisions of Specification A788/A788M apply.
1.7 This international standard was de...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A649/A649M −10 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA649/A649M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope roll shells, and Class 2 shall be used only for pressure roll
shells. Trunnions shall be made from forgings in Classes 1A,
1.1 This specification covers two kinds of rolls used in
1B, or 5 in Grade 2 strength level as restricted by Footnote B
machinery for producing corrugated paperboard. Rolls are
in Table 2 or in forgings in either Class 3 or 4.
fabricated of forged bodies and trunnions. The trunnions may
be bolted or shrink assembled on one or both ends of the body.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
A seal weld may be made at the body/trunnion interface. Roll
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
shells are made of carbon/manganese, or low alloy steel as
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
hereinafter described, and are heat treated prior to assembly.
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
Pressure rolls may be ordered surface hardened as Condition
used independently of the other, and values from the two
H, or without surface hardening as Condition S. Provision is
systems shall not be combined.
made in Supplementary Requirements S1 and S3 for the
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
optional surface hardening of corrugating rolls.
tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-
1.2 Corrugatingandpressurerollsmadetothisspecification
pound units.
shall not exceed 30 in. [760 mm] in inside diameter. The wall
1.6 Exceptasspecificallyrequiredinthisstandard,allofthe
thicknessoftherollbodyshallnotbelessthan ⁄12oftheinside
provisions of Specification A788/A788M apply.
diameter or 1 in. [25 mm], whichever is greater, but shall not
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
exceed 4 in. [100 mm]. The wall thickness of the corrugating
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
roll is measured at the bottom of the corrugations in the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
location of the trunnion fit. The maximum design temperature
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
(MDT) of the roll is 600°F [315°C] and the maximum
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
allowableworkingpressure(MAWP)is250psi[1.7MPa].The
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
minimumdesigntemperatureshallbe40°F[4°C]forrollwall
thicknesses up to 3 in. [75 mm]. For roll wall thicknesses over
2. Referenced Documents
3 in. [75 mm] to 4 in. [100 mm], the minimum design
temperatureshallbe120°F[50°C].Themaximumstresseson
2.1 ASTM Standards:
therollbodiesfromthecombinedinternalandexternalloading
A275/A275MPracticeforMagneticParticleExaminationof
are limited to 18 750 psi [129 MPa] for the Class 2 pressure
Steel Forgings
roll bodies, and 20 000 psi [138 MPa] for Class 1A, 1B, or 5
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
pressure or corrugating roll bodies in Grades 1 or 2. For the
of Steel Products
trunnions, the maximum stresses from the combined internal
A788/A788MSpecification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
andexternalloadingarelimitedto15 000psi[103.4MPa]for
quirements
Classes3or4,or20 000psi[138MPa]forClasses1A,1B,or
E165/E165MPractice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
5inGrade2only.TheGrade1strengthlevelisnotpermissible
eral Industry
for trunnions.
2.2 ASME Code:
1.3 Referring to Table 1, material to Classes 1A, 1B, or 5
ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code
shall be used for the manufacture of corrugating or pressure
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved March 1, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A649/A649M–10 the ASTM website.
(2015). DOI: 10.1520/A0649_A0649M–10R20. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
cation SA-649/SA-649M in Section II of that Code. www.asme.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A649/A649M−10 (2020)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Class 1A Class 1B Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5
Carbon 0.45–0.60 0.40–0.60 0.55 max 0.35 max 0.35 max 0.50–0.60
Manganese 0.55–1.05 0.60–0.95 0.50–0.90 0.40–0.70 0.60–1.05 0.90–1.50
Phosphorus 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max
Sulfur 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max 0.025 max
A
Silicon 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 max 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 max 0.15–0.35
Nickel . 1.55–2.00 . . . 0.60 max
Chromium 0.80–1.15 0.65–0.95 . 0.80–1.15 . 0.30 max
Molybdenum 0.15–0.50 0.20–0.45 . 0.15–0.25 . 0.15 max
A
When vacuum carbon deoxidation (VCD) is used the silicon content shall be 0.10 % maximum.
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
Elongation in 2 in. Reduction of
A
Yield Strength, min Tensile Strength, min
Class Grade or 50 mm, %, min Area, %, min
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa]
1A, 1B or 5 1 130 [890] 150 [1030] 12.0 30
B
1A, 1B or 5 2 65 [450] 100 [690] 14.0 30
2 . 37.5 [260] 75 [515] 20.0 50.0
3 or 4 . 30 [205] 60 [415] 22.0 55
A
0.2 % offset.
B
For trunnion application, a maximum tensile strength of 125 ksi [860 MPa] applies for Grade 2 of Classes 1A, 1B, or 5.
3. Ordering Information 4.2.1 Heat Treatment for Mechanical Properties (Require-
ments do not apply to surface treatment):
3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
4.2.1.1 Machining—The forged roll body shall have all
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
surfaces rough machined, including boring, prior to heat
lines additional ordering information, manufacturing
requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, treatment for mechanical properties and be tested in accor-
marking, certification, product analysis variations, and addi-
dance with 6.1.2.1. The manufacturer may opt to bore after
tional supplementary requirements.
heat treatment for mechanical properties instead provided the
forging is tested in accordance with 6.1.2.2.
3.2 In addition to the ordering requirementsof Specification
A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include the maximum de- 4.2.1.2 Roll bodies shall be normalized, liquid quenched,
sign temperature (MDT), if lower than 600°F [315°C], and
and tempered to produce the required mechanical properties,
the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP), if lower
except that for Class 2 forgings, and when Grade 2 strength
than 250 psi [1.7 MPa] as allowed in 1.2 of the Scope.
requirements are specified, a normalize and temper heat
treatment may be applied.
3.3 When ordering pressure rolls the purchaser shall stipu-
late the required condition, either surface hardened (Condition 4.2.1.3 The trunnions shall be normalized and tempered or
H) or as heat treated (Condition S). In the event that the annealed to produce the required mechanical properties.
condition is not specified the default condition is H.
4.2.2 Surface Hardening of Pressure Roll Forgings—For
Condition H the working face of pressure rolls shall be surface
3.4 If a corrugating roll is required to be surface hardened
by the forging supplier, prior to forming the flutes by the hardened either before or after fitting the trunnions, at the
purchaser, the requirements of Supplementary Requirement S1 manufacturer’s option. Surface hardening by weld overlays is
shall apply.
not permitted for Condition H or (subsequently) for Condition
S.
3.5 If the requirements of th
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