ASTM D7343-20

Standard Practice for Optimization, Sample Handling, Calibration, and Validation of X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Methods for Elemental Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Accurate elemental analyses of samples of petroleum and petroleum products are required for the determination of chemical properties, which are in turn used to establish compliance with commercial and regulatory specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers information relating to sampling, calibration and validation of X-ray fluorescence instruments for elemental analysis, including all kinds of wavelength dispersive (WDXRF) and energy dispersive (EDXRF) techniques. This practice includes sampling issues such as the selection of storage vessels, transportation, and sub-sampling. Treatment, assembly, and handling of technique-specific sample holders and cups are also included. Technique-specific requirements during analytical measurement and validation of measurement for the determination of trace elements in samples of petroleum and petroleum products are described. For sample mixing, refer to Practice D5854. Petroleum products covered in this practice are considered to be a single phase and exhibit Newtonian characteristics at the point of sampling.  
1.2 Applicable Test Methods—This practice is applicable to the XRF methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis, and those under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute’s Test Method Standardization Committee (Table 1). Some of these methods are technically equivalent though they may differ in details (Table 2).    
1.3 Applicable Fluids—This practice is applicable to petroleum and petroleum products with vapor pressures at sampling and storage temperatures less than or equal to 101 kPa (14.7 psi). Use Practice D4057 or IP 475 to sample these materials. Refer to Practice D5842 when sampling materials that also require Reid vapor pressure (RVP) determination.  
1.4 Non-applicable Fluids—Petroleum products whose vapor pressure at sampling and sample storage conditions are above 101 kPa (14.7 psi) and liquefied gases (that is, LNG, LPG, etc.) are not covered by this practice.  
1.5 Sampling Methods—The physical sampling and methods of sampling from a primary source are not covered by this guide. It is assumed that samples covered by this practice are a representative sample of the primary source liquid. Refer to Practice D4057 or IP 475 for detailed sampling procedures.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2020
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7343 − 20
Designation: 558/07
Standard Practice for
Optimization, Sample Handling, Calibration, and Validation
of X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Methods for Elemental
1
Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7343; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* tion Committee (Table 1). Some of these methods are techni-
cally equivalent though they may differ in details (Table 2).
1.1 This practice covers information relating to sampling,
calibration and validation of X-ray fluorescence instruments
1.3 Applicable Fluids—This practice is applicable to petro-
for elemental analysis, including all kinds of wavelength
leum and petroleum products with vapor pressures at sampling
dispersive (WDXRF) and energy dispersive (EDXRF) tech-
and storage temperatures less than or equal to 101 kPa
niques. This practice includes sampling issues such as the
(14.7 psi). Use Practice D4057 or IP 475 to sample these
selection of storage vessels, transportation, and sub-sampling.
materials. Refer to Practice D5842 when sampling materials
Treatment, assembly, and handling of technique-specific
that also require Reid vapor pressure (RVP) determination.
sample holders and cups are also included. Technique-specific
1.4 Non-applicable Fluids—Petroleum products whose va-
requirements during analytical measurement and validation of
por pressure at sampling and sample storage conditions are
measurement for the determination of trace elements in
above 101 kPa (14.7 psi) and liquefied gases (that is, LNG,
samples of petroleum and petroleum products are described.
LPG, etc.) are not covered by this practice.
For sample mixing, refer to Practice D5854. Petroleum prod-
ucts covered in this practice are considered to be a single phase
1.5 Sampling Methods—The physical sampling and meth-
and exhibit Newtonian characteristics at the point of sampling.
ods of sampling from a primary source are not covered by this
guide. It is assumed that samples covered by this practice are
1.2 Applicable Test Methods—This practice is applicable to
a representative sample of the primary source liquid. Refer to
the XRF methods under the jurisdiction ofASTM Subcommit-
Practice D4057 or IP 475 for detailed sampling procedures.
tee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis, and those under the
jurisdiction of the Energy Institute’s Test Method Standardiza-
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved July 1, 2020. Published July 2020. Originally approved
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7343 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D7343-20.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
This practice was jointly prepared by ASTM International and the Energy
Institute. mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7343 − 20
TABLE 1 XRF Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Petroleum
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
Products and Lubricants
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Technique Analysis ASTM EI
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
WD-XRF Sulfur in Petroleum Products D2622
Petroleum Products
Additive Elements in Lubricating D4927 IP 407
D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum
Oils andAdditives
Lead in Gasoline D5059 IP 228
Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-
Lead in Gasoline IP 489
trometry
Sulfur in Gasoline D6334
Additive Elements in Lube Oils and D6443 D4927 Test Methods for Elemental Analysis of Lubricant
Additives
and Additive Components—Barium, Calcium,
Vanadium and Nickel IP 433
Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Zinc by Wavelength-Dispersive
Sulfur IP 44
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7343 − 18 D7343 − 20
Designation: 558/07
Standard Practice for
Optimization, Sample Handling, Calibration, and Validation
of X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Methods for Elemental
1
Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7343; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers information relating to sampling, calibration and validation of X-ray fluorescence instruments for
elemental analysis, including all kinds of wavelength dispersive (WDXRF) and energy dispersive (EDXRF) techniques. This
practice includes sampling issues such as the selection of storage vessels, transportation, and sub-sampling. Treatment, assembly,
and handling of technique-specific sample holders and cups are also included. Technique-specific requirements during analytical
measurement and validation of measurement for the determination of trace elements in samples of petroleum and petroleum
products are described. For sample mixing, refer to Practice D5854. Petroleum products covered in this practice are considered
to be a single phase and exhibit Newtonian characteristics at the point of sampling.
1.2 Applicable Test Methods—This practice is applicable to the XRF methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis, and those under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute’s Test Method Standardization Committee
(Table 1). Some of these methods are technically equivalent though they may differ in details (Table 2).
1.3 Applicable Fluids—This practice is applicable to petroleum and petroleum products with vapor pressures at sampling and
storage temperatures less than or equal to 101 kPa (14.7 psi). Use Practice D4057 or IP 475 to sample these materials. Refer to
Practice D5842 when sampling materials that also require Reid vapor pressure (RVP) determination.
1.4 Non-applicable Fluids—Petroleum products whose vapor pressure at sampling and sample storage conditions are above
101 kPa (14.7 psi) and liquefied gases (that is, LNG, LPG, etc.) are not covered by this practice.
1.5 Sampling Methods—The physical sampling and methods of sampling from a primary source are not covered by this guide.
It is assumed that samples covered by this practice are a representative sample of the primary source liquid. Refer to Practice
D4057 or IP 475 for detailed sampling procedures.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved June 1, 2018July 1, 2020. Published June 2018July 2020. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
D7343 – 12 (2017).D7343 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D7343-18.10.1520/D7343-20.
This practice was jointly prepared by ASTM International and the Energy Institute.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7343 − 20
TABLE 1 XRF Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Petroleum
Products and Lubricants
Technique Analysis ASTM EI
WD-XRF Sulfur in Petroleum Products D2622
Additive Elements in Lubricating D4927 IP 407
Oils and Additives
Lead in Gasoline D5059 IP 228
Lead in Gasoline IP 489
Sulfur in Gasoline D6334
Additive Elements in Lube Oils and D6443
Additives
Vanadium and Nickel IP 433
Sulfur IP 447
Sulfur in Automotive Fuels IP 497
Chlorine and Bromine IP 503
Sulfur in Ethanol as Blending IP 553
Agent
Si, Cr, Ni, Fe, and Cu in Used IP 560
Greases
Several Metals in Burner Fuels IP 593
Derived from Waste Mineral Oils
MWD-XRF Sulfur in Gasoline and Diesel D7039
Silicon
...