ASTM A814/A814M-96(1998)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
Standard Specification for Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two classes of flanged and cold-bending quality cold-worked straight-seam single or double welded austenitic steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive services.
Note 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·bf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades 304, 304L, and 347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3 for service at temperatures as low as -425oF [-250oC] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as -325oF [-200oC] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than -50oF [-45oC].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP304N, TP316H, TP316N, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for high-temperature service.
1.3 Two classes of pipe are covered as follows:
1.3.1 Class SW--Pipe, single-welded with no addition of filler metal and
1.3.2 Class DW--Pipe, double-welded with no addition of filler metal.
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.5 Table 1 lists the dimensions of cold-worked single- or double-welded stainless steel pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation of this specification is specified in the order.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 814/A 814M – 96 (Reapproved 1998) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 814/A 814M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
1.1 This specification covers two classes of flanged and
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
cold-bending quality cold-worked straight-seam single or
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
double welded austenitic steel pipe intended for high-
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
temperature and general corrosive services.
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service 2. Referenced Documents
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
2.1 ASTM Standards:
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades 304,
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
304L, and 347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section
VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code,
of Steel Products
ANSI B31.3 for service at temperatures as low as −425°F [−250°C]
A 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements for
without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are 3
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325°F [−200°C]
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Definitions for Chemi-
without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances,
2 3
cal Analysis of Steel Products ,
be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing, Inspection, and Rating
outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding
0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section Steel Products, Comprising Bars, Billets, Blooms, and
VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than −50°F [−45°C].
Forgings
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP304N, TP316H, TP316N, TP321H,
2.2 ANSI Standards:
TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304,
B 1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for
B 36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
high-temperature service.
B 36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
1.3 Two classes of pipe are covered as follows:
2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
1.3.1 Class SW—Pipe, single-welded with no addition of
Section VIII Division 1, Pressure Vessels
filler metal and
1.3.2 Class DW—Pipe, double-welded with no addition of
3. Ordering Information
filler metal.
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
include the following as required, to describe the desired
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
material adequately:
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of lengths),
and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the
3.1.2 Name of material (austenitic steel pipe),
order.
3.1.3 Class (1.3). If not specified by the purchaser, the
1.5 Table 1 lists the dimensions of cold-worked single- or
producer shall have the option to furnish either single-welded
double-welded stainless steel pipe. Pipe having other dimen-
(SW) or double-welded (DW) pipe,
sions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all
3.1.4 Grade (Table 2),
other requirements of this specification.
3.1.5 Size (NPS or outside diameter and schedule number or
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
average wall thickness),
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th
A01.10 on Steel Tubing. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Current edition approved June 28, 1996. Published August 1996. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 E. 47th St.,
published as A 814 – 83. Last previous edition A 814 – 95. New York, NY 10017.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 814/A 814M
A
TABLE 1 Pipe Dimensions
4.1.1 The pipe shall be made by a machine-welding or an
automatic-welding process, welding from one or both sides and
NOTE 1—For pipe sizes not listed and for pipe ordered to the “M”
producing full penetration welds with no addition of filler
designation of this specification, the dimensions and tolerances shall be by
agreement between the purchaser and producer. metal in the welding operation.
4.1.2 Weld repairs, with the addition of compatible filler
NPS No. Outside Outside Di- Sched- Wall
metal, may be made to the weld joint in accordance with the
Diameter ameter Toler- ule
Thick- Tolerance requirements of the section on Repair by Welding of Specifi-
ance
ness
cation A 530/A 530M.
⁄8 0.405 +0.004 10 0.049 60.004
4.1.3 Prior to final heat treatment of the pipe, the weld bead
−0.002 40 0.068 60.005
must be cold-worked by methods such as forging, planishing,
80 0.095 60.006
drawing, swaging or bead rolling so as to obtain a flush
⁄4 0.540 +0.005 10 0.065 60.005
−0.003 40 0.088 60.006
condition on the inside and outside of the pipe. Undercuts shall
80 0.119. 60.009
be limited to shallow rounded depressions of less than 0.005 in.
⁄8 0.675 +0.006 10 0.065 60.005
−0.004 40 0.091 60.006 [0.127 mm] deep on either the inside or outside surface of the
80 0.126 60.010
pipe with no encroachment of the minimum permitted wall
⁄2 0.840 +0.007 5 0.065 60.005
thickness.
−0.005 10 0.083 60.006
4.1.4 The pipe shall be pickled free of scale. When bright
40 0.109 60.009
80 0.147 60.011
annealing is used, pickling is not necessary.
⁄4 1.060 +0.010 5 0.065 60.005
4.2 Heat Treatment:
−0.007 10 0.083 60.006
4.2.1 All pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-
40 0.113 60.009
80 0.154 60.011
tion. The heat-treatment procedure, except for H grades,
1 1.315 +0.010 5 0.065 60.005
N 08367 and S 31254, shall consist of heating the pipe to a
−0.007 10 0.109 60.009
40 0.133 60.011 minimum temperature of 1900°F [1040°C] and quenching in
80 0.179 60.014
water or rapidly cooling by other means.
1 ⁄4 1.660 +0.012 5 0.065 60.005
4.2.2 All H grades shall be furnished in the solution-treated
−0.0080 10 0.109 60.009
40 0.140 60.011 condition. The minimum solution treating temperature for
80 0.191 60.014
Grades TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H shall be 2000°F
1 ⁄2 1.900 +0.015 5 0.065 60.005
[1100°C] and for Grades TP304H and TP316H, 1900°F
−0.008 10 0.109 60.009
40 0.145 60.011
[1040°C]. If the H grade is hot-rolled, the minimum solution
80 0.200 60.015
treating temperatures for Grades TP321H, TP347H, and
2 2.375 +0.018 5 0.065 60.005
TP348H shall be 1925°F [1050°C] and for Grades TP304H and
−0.008 10 0.109 60.009
40 0.154 60.011 TP316H, 1900°F [1040°C].
80 0.218 60.015
4.2.3 The heat-treatment procedure for S 31254 shall con-
2 ⁄2 2.875 +0.020 5 0.065 60.005
sist of heating the pipe to a minimum temperature of 2100°F
−0.009 10 0.120 60.010
40 0.203 60.015
[1150°C] and quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other
80 0.276 60.020
means.
3 3.500 +0.025 5 0.083 60.006
4.2.4 UNS N 08367 should be solution annealed from
−0.010 10 0.120 60.010
40 0.216 60.015
2025°F minimum followed by rapid quenching.
80 0.300 60.020
3 ⁄2 4.000 +0.025 5 0.083 60.006
5. Chemical Composition
−0.010 10 0.120 60.010
40 0.226 60.018
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
80 0.318 60.020
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
4 4.500 +0.025 5 0.083 60.006
−0.010 10 0.120 60.010
40 0.237 60.019 6. Product Analysis
80 0.337 60.020
6.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of one length
A
All dimensions in inches.
of flat-rolled stock from each heat, or one pipe from each lot
shall be made by the manufacturer. A lot of pipe shall consist
3.1.6 Length (specific or random) (Section 10),
of the following number of lengths of the same size and wall
3.1.7 End finish (Section on Ends of Specification A 530/
thickness from any one heat of steel:
A 530M),
3.1.8 Optional requirements (Section 9), (Supplementary NPS Number Lengths of Pipe in Lot
Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
Requirements S 1 to S 8),
2 to 5 inclusive 200 or fraction thereof
3.1.9 Test report required (Section on Certification of Speci-
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
fication A 530/A 530M),
6.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
3.1.10 Specification designation, and
purchaser or his representative, and shall conform to the
3.1.11 Special requirements or exceptions to the specifica-
requirements specified in Section 6.
tion.
6.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 7.1 does
4. Materials and Manufacture
not conform to the requirements specified in Section 6, an
4.1 Manufacture: analysis of each length of flat-rolled stock from each heat or
A 814/A 814M
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
A 814/A 814M
NOTE 2—The value(s) applies when the inch-pound designation of this
pipe from the same heat or lot may be made, and all pipe
specification is the basis of purchase. When the “M” designation of this
conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s)
6.4 For referee purposes, the Test Methods and Practices
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
and Terminology of A 751 shall be used.
9.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths required
7. Tensile Requirements shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be under the
specified length and not more than ⁄4 in. [6 mm] over that
7.1 The tensile properties of the material shall conform to
specified.
the requirements prescribed in Table 3.
9.1.3 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise specified.
8. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 Specified Diameter—The diameter at any point in each
10.1 The finished pipes shall be free of injurious imperfec-
length of pipe shall be within the tolerance specified in Table 1.
tions and shall have a workmanlike finish. Minor imperfections
8.2 Alignment (Camber)—Using a 3-ft [1.0-m] straightedge
may be removed by grinding, provided the wall thicknesses are
placed so that both ends are in contact with the pipe, the
not decreased to less than that permitted in Section 9.
camber shall not be more than 0.030-in. [0.8-mm].
8.3 Thickness—The wall thickness at any point in the pipe
11. General Requirements
shall be within the thickness tolerance specified in Table 3,
11.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
except that for pipe in which the wall thickness exceeds
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
0.188-in. [4.8-mm] a weld reinforcement of up to 0.015-in.
Specification A 530/A 530M unless otherwise provided herein.
[3.8-mm] is permitted on the inside of the pipe.
12. Examination of Double-Welded Pipe
9. Lengths
12.1 Both ends of each double-welded (Class DW) pipe
9.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following
shall be visually examined to determine that complete fusion
regular practice.
was attained between the two welds. In lieu of examining the
9.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes up to and
ends of the pipe, this examination may be performed on
including NPS 4 are available in a length up to 24 ft (Note 2)
cropped ends removed from both ends of each double welded
with the permissible range of 15 of 24 ft (Note 2).
pipe.
13. Mechanical Tests Required
TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements
13.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One tension
Grade UNS Tensile Yield
test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100
Designation Strength, Strength,
pipes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes
min min
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] for lots of more than 100 pipes.
TP304L S30403 70 [485] 25 [170]
NOTE 3—The term “lot”, for mechanical tests, applies to all pipe of the
TP316L S31603 70 [485] 25 [170]
same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) which is produced
TP304 S30400 75 [515] 30 [205]
from the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment
TP304H S30409 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP309CB S30940 75 [515] 30 [205]
(1) in a continuous heat-treatment furnace, or (2) in a batch-type
TP309S S30908 75 [515] 30 [205]
heat-treatment furnace, equipped with recording pyrometers and automati-
TP310Cb S31040 75 [515] 30 [205]
cally controlled within a 50°F [30°C] range, the larger of (a) Each 200 ft
TP310S S31008 75 [515] 30 [205]
[60 m] or fraction thereof or, (b) That pipe heat treated in the same batch
TP316 S31600 75 [515] 30 [205]
furnace charge.
TP316H S31609 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP317 S31700 75 [515] 30 [205]
13.2 Flattening Test—For material heat treated in a batch-
TP317L S31703 75 [515] 30 [205]
type furnace, flattening tests shall be made of 5 % of the pipe
TP321 S32100 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP321H S32109 75 [515] 30 [205]
from each heat-treated lot. For material heat treated by the
TP347 S34700 75 [515] 30 [205]
continuous process, this test shall be made on a sufficient
TP347H S34709 75 [515] 30 [205]
number of pipe to constitute 5 % of the lot, but in no case less
TP348 S34800 75 [515] 30 [205]
TP348H S34809 75 [515] 30 [205]
than two lengths of pipe.
TPXM-10 S21900 90 [620] 50 [345]
13.2.1 For pipe where the diameter equals or exceeds NPS
TPXM-11 S21903 90 [620] 50 [345]
10, a transverse-guided face bend test of the weld may be
TPXM-15 S38100 75 [515] 30 [205]
TPXM-29 S24000 100 [690] 55 [380]
conducted instead of a flattening test in accordance with the
TPXM-19 S20910 100 [690] 55 [
...
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