ASTM F1732-24

Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer and Drain Pipe Containing Recycled PVC Material

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and related test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, and joint tightness of sewer and drain pipes made from either virgin or recycled poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. This specification also covers four-inch perforated pipes, but the joint tightness test is not applicable for this product. The pipes shall also be tested and thereby conform accordingly to the requirements for flattening resistance, extrusion quality, impact strength and resistance, stiffness, solvent cement, and perforations.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pipe made from PVC compound that includes recycled PVC material. This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, and joint tightness of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sewer and drain pipe. Four-inch perforated pipe is also covered; the joint tightness test is not applicable for this product. A form of marking to indicate compliance with this specification is also included.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes, footnotes, and the Appendices (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2024
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1732-12(2018) - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer and Drain Pipe Containing Recycled PVC Material
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024

Overview

ASTM F1732-24: Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer and Drain Pipe Containing Recycled PVC Material sets the requirements for PVC sewer and drain pipes manufactured with both virgin and recycled PVC compounds. The standard covers materials, workmanship, dimensions, chemical resistance, and joint tightness for these pipes, including four-inch perforated pipes (with exceptions for joint tests). It is intended for non-pressure drainage applications outside of buildings and promotes sustainability by specifying the use of at least 5% recycled PVC content. ASTM F1732-24 ensures that pipes made from recycled PVC meet rigorous performance, safety, and quality criteria suitable for a range of civil and private construction projects.

Key Topics

• Scope and Coverage

  • Applies to sewer and drain pipe manufactured with recycled and virgin PVC compounds
  • Pipe size standards based on inch-pound units, with SI conversions for reference
  • Includes requirements for four-inch perforated pipe (joint tightness test not applicable)
  • Specifies pipe marking to indicate compliance

• Material and Construction Requirements

  • Pipes must be homogeneous and free from defects such as cracks or inclusions
  • Minimum tensile strength and cell class set for the PVC compound
  • Defines minimum recycled PVC content (at least 5%)
  • Cleanliness and classification of recycled material are required for quality assurance

• Performance Testing

  • Mandates testing for flattening resistance, extrusion quality, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, and chemical resistance
  • Perforated pipes receive additional assessment for perforation size, spacing, and layout
  • Joints must be tested for water tightness (excluding perforated pipe)

• Marking and Certification

  • Pipes must be clearly marked with manufacturer, size, type (recycled PVC), and standard designation (ASTM F1732)
  • Certification required if specified in the purchase order

• Installation and Handling

  • Installation should comply with industry practice (e.g., ASTM D2321) or local plumbing code
  • Supplementary requirements for government and military procurement, including packaging and shipment marking

Applications

ASTM F1732-24 covers non-pressure PVC piping designed to carry waste water, storm water, and other drainage fluids where durability, chemical resistance, and dimensional stability are essential. Common applications include:

• Building Sewers and Underground Drains
  Used to connect residential, commercial, or industrial buildings to septic systems or main sewers.
• Storm Drainage Systems
  Effective for managing surface water runoff in urban, suburban, and landscaped environments.
• Septic System Connections and Leaching Fields
  Suitable for connections to septic tanks and distribution throughout leaching systems.
• Footing (Foundation) Drains
  Deployed around foundations to prevent water intrusion and promote dry basements.
• Industrial Waste Disposal
  For certain non-pressurized liquid waste where chemical resistance is needed.
• Land Drainage and Perforated Pipe Uses
  Perforated variants collect and transport groundwater for agricultural, landscaping, and civil engineering drainage.

By specifying requirements for recycled PVC content without sacrificing performance, ASTM F1732-24 helps reduce environmental impact and promote resource efficiency in construction and infrastructure projects.

Related Standards

Several other ASTM and related standards work in conjunction with ASTM F1732-24 for piping systems:

• ASTM D1784: Classification for Rigid PVC Compounds
• ASTM D2729 & ASTM D3034: Specifications for PVC sewer and fittings
• ASTM D2412: Test Method for Pipe Stiffness
• ASTM D2444: Test Method for Impact Resistance
• ASTM D2564: Specifications for Solvent Cements for PVC Systems
• ASTM D2321: Practice for Installation of Underground Thermoplastic Pipes
• ASTM F412: Terminology for Plastic Piping Systems

Using ASTM F1732-24 in combination with these standards ensures a comprehensive approach to the manufacture, installation, and performance of PVC sewer and drain pipes, supporting quality, compliance, and sustainability in drainage infrastructure.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1732 − 24
Standard Specification for
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer and Drain Pipe Containing
Recycled PVC Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1732; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers pipe made from PVC com-
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
pound that includes recycled PVC material. This specification
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
covers requirements and test methods for materials,
tics (Withdrawn 2024)
dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, and joint tight-
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for
ness of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sewer and drain pipe.
Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlo-
Four-inch perforated pipe is also covered; the joint tightness
rinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
test is not applicable for this product. A form of marking to
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
indicate compliance with this specification is also included.
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Acetone Immersion
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplas-
and are not considered standard.
tic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
which provide explanatory material. These notes, footnotes,
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
and the Appendices (excluding those in tables and figures) shall
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance
not be considered as requirements of this standard.
of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup
(Falling Weight)
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl
test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
D2729 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Pipe and Fittings
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
D3034 Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
(PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
regulatory limitations prior to use.
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
2.2 Federal Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2.3 Military Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3. Terminology
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used are in accordance with
Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic the ASTM website.
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved April 1, 2024. Published May 2024. Originally www.astm.org.
approved as PS 1 in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
F1732–12(2018). DOI: 10.1520/F1732-24. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1732 − 24
Terminology D1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbrevia- 6.2 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting,
tion for poly(vinyl chloride) is PVC. cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance
with 7.4.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 external recycled material—clean rework material 6.3 Extrusion Quality—The pipe shall not flake or disinte-
generated by a manufacturer, processor, or fabricator in a grate when tested in accordance with Test Method D2152.
facility outside the plant where this pipe (PS 1) is made.
6.4 Impact Resistance—The impact resistance of pipe shall
3.2.2 internal recycled material—clean rework material
be determined in accordance with Practice D2444, using a
generated from the manufacturer’s own pipe or fitting produc-
20-lb (10-kg) Tup A and Holder B (flat plate), and shall comply
tion.
with the requirements given in Table 1 (Note 2). For perforated
pipe, samples are to be cut and tested at random without regard
3.2.3 post-consumer recycled material—those plastics com-
to hole location, except that the point of impact shall not
posed of post-consumer material or recovered material only, or
coincide with a perforation.
both, that may or may not have been subjected to additional
processing steps of the types used to make products such as
NOTE 2—This test is intended only for use as a quality control test, not
recycled-regrind, or reprocessed or reconstituted plastics. for use as a simulated service test.
These materials must be clean and graded as to material cell
6.5 Dimensions:
class.
6.5.1 Pipe dimensions shall comply with Table 2, Table 3,
3.2.4 recycled materials—general term that encompasses all
and Table 4, as applicable, when measured in accordance with
three subgroups—external recycled material, internal recycled Test Method D2122.
material, and post-consumer recycled material.
6.5.2 Pipe shall be supplied in 10 ft 6 ⁄4-in. laying lengths
unless otherwise specified.
NOTE 1—The terms in 3.2.1 and 3.2.3 come from ISO TC 138 SC1.
6.5.3 For belled pipe, the thickness of the belled section
shall be considered satisfactory if the bell was formed from
4. Significance and Use
pipe meeting the requirements of Table 3.
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to
6.6 Pipe Stiffness—The pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection
provide pipe suitable for non-pressure drainage of sewage,
(F/Δy) shall not be less than the values given in Table 5 when
surface water, and certain other liquid wastes in applications
tested in accordance with Test Method D2412.
outside the building limits where toughness, resistance to
deterioration from action of water and chemicals, dimensional
NOTE 3—The 5 % deflection criterion, which was arbitrarily selected
for testing convenience, should not be considered as a limitation with
stability, resistance to aging and, except for the perforated pipe,
respect to in-use deflection. The engineer is responsible for establishing
where strong tight joints are required. The PVC plastic sewer
the acceptable limit.
and drain pipe described in this specification are not intended
NOTE 4—The strength and load-carrying capabilities of plastic drain
for use as public or municipal collector sewers, or their
and sewer pipe are measured and reported as Pipe Stiffness which is
extended branches, but they are intended for the following:
determined in accordance with Test Method D2412. The term “crush
strength” is not applicable to plastic pipe because (a) the values obtained
4.1.1 Building sewers and underground drains,
can be significantly different, depending on the bedding, loading, or
4.1.2 Storm drainage,
testing technique used; and (b) the term derives from rigid pipe and refers
4.1.3 House connections to septic tanks,
to its ultimate strength at rupture.
4.1.4 Leaching system piping for septic tank effluents,
6.7 Solvent Cement—The cement shall comply with Speci-
4.1.5 Footing drains (foundation drains),
fication D2564.
4.1.6 Industrial waste disposal, and
6.8 Joint Tightness—Joints made with pipe and fittings or
4.1.7 Land drainage.
with belled-end pipe shall show no signs of leakage when
tested in accordance with 7.5.
5. Materials
6.9 Perforations—Unless otherwise specified, the perfo-
5.1 General—The pipe shall be made from a PVC com-
rated pipe shall have two rows of holes 13 mm ( ⁄2 in.) in
pound having a minimum tensile strength of 4000 psi (27.6
diameter on 125 mm (5 in.) centers, with allowable tolerances
MPa) and a minimum cell class of 12154 in accordance with
1 1
of 61 mm ( ⁄16 in.) on the diameter and + 6, − 0 mm ( + ⁄4, − 0
Specification D1784. This PVC compound shall contain a
minimum of 5 % of recycled PVC material. Compou
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1732 − 12 (Reapproved 2018) F1732 − 24
Standard Specification for
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer and Drain Pipe Containing
Recycled PVC Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1732; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers pipe made from PVC compound that includes recycled PVC material. This specification covers
requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, and joint tightness of poly(vinyl
chloride) (PVC) sewer and drain pipe. Four-inch perforated pipe is also covered; the joint tightness test is not applicable for this
product. A form of marking to indicate compliance with this specification is also included.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes, footnotes, and the
Appendices (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone
Immersion
D2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018April 1, 2024. Published November 2018May 2024. Originally approved as PS 1 in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2012
as F1732–12. DOI: 10.1520/F1732-12R18.F1732–12(2018). DOI: 10.1520/F1732-24.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1732 − 24
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling
Weight)
D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
D2729 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
D3034 Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
2.2 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with
Terminology D1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for poly(vinyl chloride) is PVC.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 external recycled material—clean rework material generated by a manufacturer, processor, or fabricator in a facility outside
the plant where this pipe (PS 1) is made.
3.2.2 internal recycled material—clean rework material generated from the manufacturer’s own pipe or fitting production.
3.2.3 post-consumer recycled material—those plastics composed of post-consumer material or recovered material only, or both,
that may or may not have been subjected to additional processing steps of the types used to make products such as recycled-regrind,
or reprocessed or reconstituted plastics. These materials must be clean and graded as to material cell class.
3.2.4 recycled materials—general term that encompasses all three subgroups—external recycled material, internal recycled
material, and post-consumer recycled material.
NOTE 1—The terms in 3.2.1 and 3.2.3 come from ISO TC 138 SC1. Use of recycled materials will reduce the amount of landfill space needed.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe suitable for non-pressure drainage of sewage, surface water,
and certain other liquid wastes in applications outside the building limits where toughness, resistance to deterioration from action
of water and chemicals, dimensional stability, resistance to aging and, except for the perforated pipe, where strong tight joints are
required. The PVC plastic sewer and drain pipe described in this specification are not intended for use as public or municipal
collector sewers, or their extended branches, but they are intended for the following:
4.1.1 Building sewers and underground drains,
4.1.2 Storm drainage,
4.1.3 House connections to septic tanks,
4.1.4 Leaching system piping for septic tank effluents,
4.1.5 Footing drains (foundation drains),
4.1.6 Industrial waste disposal, and
4.1.7 Land drainage.
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
F1732 − 24
5. Materials
5.1 General—The pipe shall be made from a PVC compound having a minimum tensile strength of 4000 psi (27.6 MPa) and a
minimum cell class of 12154-C12154 in accordance with Specification D1784. This PVC compound shall contain a minimum of
5 % of recycled PVC material. Compounds that have different cell classification because one or more properties are superior to
that exceed those of the specified compounds are also acceptable, as long as the pipe meets all the requirements of this
specification.
6. Requirements
6.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions,
or other injurious defects. The pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practical in color, opacity, density, and other physical
properties.
6.2 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting, cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance with 7.4.
6.3 Extrusion Quality—The pipe shall not flake or disintegrate when tested in accordance with Test Method D2152.
NOTE 2—This test is intended only for use as a quality control test, not for use as a simulated service test.
6.4 Impact Resistance—The impact resistance of pipe shall be determined in accordance with Test Method Practice D2444, using
a 20-lb (10-kg) Tup A and Holder B (flat plate), and shall comply with the requirements given in Table 1 (Note 2). For perforated
pipe, samples are to be cut and tested at random without regard to hole location, except that the point of impact shall not coincide
with a perforation.
NOTE 2—This test is intended only for use as a quality control test, not for use as a simulated service test.
6.5 Dimensions:
6.5.1 Pipe dimensions shall comply with Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, as applicable, when measured in accordance with Test
Method D2122.
6.5.2 Pipe shall be supplied in 10 ft 6 ⁄4-in. laying lengths unless otherwise specified.
6.5.3 For belled pipe, the thickness of the belled section shall be considered satisfactory if the bell was formed from pipe meeting
the requirements of Table 3.
6.6 Pipe Stiffness—The pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection (F/Δy) shall not be less than the values given in Table 5 when tested in
accordance with Test Method D2412.
NOTE 3—The 5 % deflection criterion, which was arbitrarily selected for testing convenience, should not be considered as a limitation with respect to
in-use deflection. The engineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable limit.
NOTE 4—The strength and load-carrying capabilities of plastic drain and sewer pipe are measured and reported as Pipe Stiffness which is determined in
accordance with Test Method D2412. The term “crush strength” is not applicable to plastic pipe because (a) the values obtained can be significantly
different, depending on the bedding, loading, or testing technique used; and (b) the term derives from rigid pipe and refers to its ultimate strength at
rupture.
TABLE 1 Impact Strength Requirements for PVC Sewer and Drain
Pipe at 23 °C (73 °F)
Drop Height
Nominal Pipe
Size, in.Size
ft (20-lb Tup A) (mm) (10-kg Tup A)
2 1.75 (485)
3 2.00 (555)
4 2.25 (625)
5 3.00 (830)
6 3.50 (970)
F1732 − 24
TABLE 2 Dia
...