ASTM D2860/D2860M-04(2010)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape to Fiberboard at 90° Angle and Constant Stress
Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape to Fiberboard at 90° Angle and Constant Stress
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is designed to show the adhesion of a pressure-sensitive tape to fiberboard when the tape is under a constant stress. Test data from this test method for some types of packaging tape relates to tape performance on fiberboard box closure.
Procedure A should be used when comparing tapes to an established requirement. The requirement may be established using either the standard linerboard or another linerboard representing a specific fiberboard.
Procedure B should be used to rank tapes as to their ability to adhere to fiberboard.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the property of adhesion of pressure-sensitive tape to a fiber-board surface. The user of this test method has the option of choosing the paper surface for the test. The test surface may be the standard linerboard, another linerboard (or paper) of individual interest, or a specific fiberboard.
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D2860/D2860M − 04 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape to Fiberboard at 90°
Angle and Constant Stress
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2860/D2860M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology found in Terminology D996
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the prop-
shall apply.
erty of adhesion of pressure-sensitive tape to a fiber-board
surface.The user of this test method has the option of choosing
4. Summary of Test Method
the paper surface for the test. The test surface may be the
standard linerboard, another linerboard (or paper) of individual
4.1 ProcedureA—Thepressure-sensitivetapeismountedon
interest, or a specific fiberboard.
a rigid panel. The adhesive side is exposed. A strip of
linerboard, which represents the fiberboard, is placed against
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
the tape adhesive with controlled pressure. The area of contact
be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
is specified. The panel is mounted in a horizontal position. A
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
specified mass is fastened to one end of the linerboard. The
be used independently, without combining values in any way.
mass acts to peel the linerboard away from the adhesive at an
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
angle of 90°. The time required to peel the linerboard from the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tape is measured.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Procedure B—In this procedure, the fiberboard or the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
linerboard representing it is adhered to a rigid panel and the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tape peeled from it. In all other respects, the procedure is the
same as Procedure A.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
5.1 This test method is designed to show the adhesion of a
ments
pressure-sensitive tape to fiberboard when the tape is under a
D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test
constant stress. Test data from this test method for some types
Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data (With-
of packaging tape relates to tape performance on fiberboard
drawn 2008)
box closure.
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008) 5.2 ProcedureAshould be used when comparing tapes to an
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or established requirement. The requirement may be established
Packaging Components for Testing using either the standard linerboard or another linerboard
representing a specific fiberboard.
5.3 Procedure B should be used to rank tapes as to their
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on ability to adhere to fiberboard.
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape and
Labels.
6. Apparatus and Materials
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2860/D2860M – 04.
6.1 Tape, pressure-sensitive, double-coated, 48-mm [2-in.]
DOI: 10.1520/D2860_D2860M-04R10.
width. The tape shall exhibit sufficient adhesion to the panel
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and test specimen or fiberboard to avoid the failures cited in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 10.1.9 and 10.2.14.
the ASTM website.
6.2 Panel—Any steel piece at least 50 by 125 mm [2 by 5
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. in.] and no less than 1.1 mm [0.043 in.] thick, having one face
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2860/D2860M − 04 (2010)
NOTE 1—Fix panel securely in a horizontal plane.
FIG. 1 Test Assembly for Procedure A
(2 by 5 in.) that does not deviate from a plane by more than 6.9.3 For either procedure, prepare the linerboard or fiber-
0.050 mm [0.002 in.]. board in advance of testing and mark it to show which side to
use. When comparing one roll of tape to another or one lot of
6.3 Stop Watch.
tape to another, the linerboard or fiberboard should be from a
6.4 Razor Blade, single-edge.
single lot.
6.5 Mask—Any paper no more than 0.050 mm [0.002 in.]
6.10 Steel Roller, 82.5 6 2.5 mm [3.25 6 0.1 in.] in
thick formed to a rectangle approximately 125 by 60 mm [5 by
diameter and 45 6 1.5 mm [1.75 6 0.05 in.] in width, covered
2.5 in.] with a rectangular hole exactly 24 6 0.25 [1.0 6 0.01]
with rubber approximately 6 mm [0.25 in.] in thickness having
by 32 mm [1.25 in.] centered in the piece. The 24-mm [1-in.]
a Shore A durometer hardness of 80 6 5. The surface shall be
hole dimension shall be in the 125-mm [5-in.] direction (see
a true cylinder void of any convex or concave deviations. The
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
mass of the roller shall be 2040 6 45 g [4.5 6 0.1 lb]. The
6.6 Cutter, for preparing fiberboard or linerboard and tape
massofthehandleshallnotaddtothemassoftherollerduring
specimens.
use.
6.7 Paperboard Piece, approximately 25 by 25 mm [1 by 1
NOTE 1—A simple check to determine if the rubber surface is
in.], for reinforcement.
cylindrical is to wrap the roller in a very thin paper (onionskin) and drag
it across a flat glass plate on which is placed a carbon paper, face up. The
6.8 Paper Punch, single-hole.
carbonrubsoffontothethinpaperwrappertorevealhighspotsorhollows
on the rubber surface.
6.9 Fiberboard or Linerboard Surface, against which the
test is made.
6.11 Test Stand, to support the panel securely in a horizontal
6.9.1 For Procedure A, cut a rectangle exactly 24 6 0.25
plane during the test period.
mm [1.0 6 0.01 in.] wide by at least 125 mm [5 in.] in length,
6.12 Mass, 200 6 0.2 g, with a hook.
from the linerboard representing the fiberboard on which the
tape will be used. The long dimension shall lie at a right angle
6.13 Timing System, for measuring test time in minutes.
to the machine direction of the linerboard. Reinforce one end
6.14 Paper, clean, unprinted, and without a coating of any
of the strip with a chipboard piece adhered with double-coated
kind, for use in adhering linerboard or fiberboard to the panel
tape. Punch a hole at the center of the reinforcement.
(Procedure B).
6.9.2 For Procedure B, cut a rectangle, preferably 125 by 50
mm[5by2in.],butnolessthan50by50mm[2by2in.],from
the fiberboard on which the tape will be used (or linerboard 7. Sampling
representing it). The long test dimension shall lie at a right
7.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with Practice D4332.
angle to the machine direction of the linerboard.
8. Test Specimens
The linerboard accepted as the standard test surface, Standard Reference
8.1 Aroll or rolls of tape for testing must be at least 36 mm
Material 1810A, is available form the Office of Standard Reference Materials,
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Washington, DC 20234. [1.5 in.] in width.
D2860/D2860M − 04 (2010)
FIG. 2 Preparation of Specimen for Procedure B
8.2 Unwind and discard at least three, but no more than six, to the linerboard, and immediately start the time.Allow the test
outer wraps from the sample roll before taking specimens for to continue until the linerboard has peeled free from the
testing. specimen adhesive.
10.1.9 Void all tests where the tape (test specimen) has
8.3 Test five specimens from each roll of tape.
pulled away from the panel (either the specimen from the
double-coated tape or the double-coated tape from the panel).
9. Conditioning
When this occurs, repeat the test assuring that the panel, the
9.1 Condition sample rolls of tape and linerboard or fiber-
double-coated tape, and the test specimen are well bonded
board in the standard conditioning atmosphere as described in
together.
Practice D4332 for a period of not less than 24 h. Test at these
10.2 Procedure B:
conditions.
10.2.1 Adhere the double-coated tape to the panel with firm
10. Procedure
finger pressure and remove the liner.
10.1 Procedure A: 10.2.2 Superimpose the fiberboard (or linerboard) on the
double-coated tape, exposing the correct side and assuring that
10.1.1 Adhere the double-coated tape to the firm finger
pressure and remove the liner. the machine direction is at a right angle to the long dimension
of the panel. Handle the fiberboard only at the edges and
10.1.2 Lightly sand the backing of the test tape on the roll
corners so that an area at least 35 mm [1.5 in.] square at its
for approximately 250 mm [10 in.] with 300-grit sandpaper to
center is absolutely free of contamination.
remove the easy unwind treatment. Start timing with the stop
watch. Immediately unwind 300 to 450 mm [12 to 18 in.] of
10.2.3 Place a clean sheet of paper (6.14) on top of the
tape from a freely rotating roll at a rate of 500 to 750 mm [20 fiberboard. Rub against this to assure that the fiberboard is well
to 30 in.]/s.
bonded to the double-coated tape on the panel. Do not rub the
10.1.3 Center the sanded area of this strip, adhesive side up, fiberboard surface with the paper or fingers.
on the panel, aligning the long edges parallel with the panel
10.2.4 Start timing with the stop watch. Immediately un-
long edges. Trim it to the panel dimensions. Do not allow any
wind 300 to 450 mm [12 to 18 in.] of tape from a freely,
object to contact the adhesive.
rotating ro
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