ASTM C509-06(2021)

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing<brk/> Material

ABSTRACT
This specification covers elastomeric cellular preformed gasket and sealing materials. Elastomeric cellular materials shall be manufactured from natural rubber, synthetic rubber, rubber-like materials, or mixture of these, with added compounding ingredients. The material shall conform to the required physical properties such as: compression-deflection, compression set, heat aging, dimensional stability, ozone resistance, low-temperature brittleness, water absorption, flame propagation, and nonstaining. The two classifications of material according to ozone resistance are Type I and Type II. Test for each physical properties shall be made.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
9.1 Flame Propagation:  
9.1.1 This specification has two options:
9.1.1.1 Option I—Flame propagation test is required.
9.1.1.2 Option II—Flame propagation test is not required.  
9.1.2 In case no option is specified, Option I will apply.  
9.2 This specification has two classifications as related to ozone resistance. These are Type I and Type II, with the latter having the greater resistance to ozone. The type should be specified when making reference to this specification but in the event that the type is not specified, Type II shall apply.
Note 2: Type II is included in this specification for use where greater ozone resistance is required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification applies to those elastomeric cellular materials of a firm grade that are manufactured in preformed shapes for use as gaskets and for use as sealing materials, in the form of compression seals or gaskets, or both, for glazing other building joint applications.  
Note 1: For softer cellular elastomeric materials used in secondary sealing applications, refer to Specification D1056.  
1.2 Test Method C1166, as referenced in this specification, should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2021
• ICS: 83.140.50 - Seals
• Technical Committee: C24 - Building Seals and Sealants
• Drafting Committee: C24.73 - Compression Seal and Lock Strip Gaskets

Relations

• Refers: ASTM C717-19 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Refers: ASTM C717-18 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM C717-17a - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM C717-17 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2017
• Refers: ASTM C717-16a - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM C717-16 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM C1083-06(2015) - Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM C717-14a - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM C717-14 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014
• Refers: ASTM C717-13 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Refers: ASTM D746-13 - Standard Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and Elastomers by Impact
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM C717-12b - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Refers: ASTM C717-12a - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Refers: ASTM C717-12 - Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2012
• Refers: ASTM C1083-06(2011) - Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011

Overview

ASTM C509-06(2021): Standard Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing Material is an internationally recognized standard published by ASTM International. It establishes requirements for firm-grade elastomeric cellular materials, such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and rubber-like compounds, that are used in preformed shapes for gaskets and sealing applications. These materials are specifically designed for use as compression seals or gaskets in building construction, particularly for glazing and various building joint applications.

The standard specifies the physical properties, manufacturing criteria, dimensional tolerances, and testing requirements necessary to ensure performance, durability, and quality. ASTM C509-06(2021) is critical for both manufacturers and end-users seeking reliable and consistent gasket and sealing solutions.

Key Topics

• Material Composition: The standard covers materials manufactured from natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or blends, with additional compounding ingredients to meet specific property requirements.
• Physical Properties: Materials must conform to demanding criteria, including:
  • Compression-deflection
  • Compression set
  • Heat aging
  • Dimensional stability
  • Ozone resistance (Type I and Type II classifications)
  • Low-temperature brittleness
  • Water absorption
  • Flame propagation (Option I: required; Option II: not required)
  • Nonstaining characteristics
• Testing Methods: Test procedures referenced include ASTM D395 for compression set, D746 for low-temperature brittleness, D865 for heat aging, D1149 for ozone resistance, and more.
• Dimensional Tolerances: The standard outlines permissible variations in cross-sectional dimensions based on Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA) guidelines.
• Workmanship and Appearance: Finished materials must be homogeneous, free of defects, and typically black unless otherwise specified.

Applications

ASTM C509-06(2021) compliant elastomeric cellular preformed gasket and sealing materials provide essential functions in various building and construction sectors. Typical applications include:

• Glazing Systems: Used as gaskets for securing glass panes in window and curtain wall assemblies.
• Building Joint Seals: Serve as effective weather and vapor barrier seals in movement joints and expansion joints across building envelopes.
• Compression Seals: Provide durable seals for doors, windows, and partition interfaces to prevent water, air, and dust ingress.
• Specialized Environments: Type II materials offer enhanced ozone resistance for outdoor or high-UV exposure installations, increasing longevity and performance.
• Fire Safety Assessments: Option I materials undergo flame propagation testing, providing data for fire risk assessment, while Option II may be specified where flame testing is not required.

Using materials certified to ASTM C509 ensures reliability, durability, and safety for critical sealing applications in commercial, residential, and industrial projects.

Related Standards

• ASTM D1056: Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials - Referenced for softer cellular elastomers used in secondary sealing.
• ASTM D395: Methods for Rubber Property - Compression Set.
• ASTM D412: Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers - Tension.
• ASTM D746: Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and Elastomers.
• ASTM D865: Rubber - Deterioration by Heating in Air.
• ASTM D925: Test Methods for Rubber Property - Staining of Surfaces.
• ASTM D1149: Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration - Ozone Resistance.
• ASTM C1083: Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials.
• ASTM C1166: Test Method for Flame Propagation of Dense and Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Accessories.
• ASTM C717: Terminology Related to Building Seals and Sealants.

ASTM C509-06(2021) is developed following principles recognized by the World Trade Organization’s Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee, supporting global consistency and interoperability for elastomeric gasket and sealing materials.

Keywords: ASTM C509, elastomeric cellular gasket, preformed sealing material, compression seal, ozone resistance, building joint seal, glazing gasket, physical properties, flame propagation test, dimensional stability.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C509 −06 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing
Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C509; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification applies to those elastomeric cellular 2.1 ASTM Standards:
materials of a firm grade that are manufactured in preformed C717Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
shapesforuseasgasketsandforuseassealingmaterials,inthe C1083Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elas-
formofcompressionsealsorgaskets,orboth,forglazingother tomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials
building joint applications. C1166Test Method for Flame Propagation of Dense and
Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Accessories
NOTE 1—For softer cellular elastomeric materials used in secondary
D395Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
sealing applications, refer to Specification D1056.
D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
1.2 Test Method C1166, as referenced in this specification,
tic Elastomers—Tension
should be used to measure and describe the properties of
D746Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics
materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and
and Elastomers by Impact
flameundercontrolledlaboratoryconditionsandshouldnotbe
D865Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heating in
used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of
Air (Test Tube Enclosure)
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
D925Test Methods for Rubber Property—Staining of Sur-
However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire
faces (Contact, Migration, and Diffusion)
risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors
D1056 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—
which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a
Sponge or Expanded Rubber
particular end use.
D1149TestMethodsforRubberDeterioration—Crackingin
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
an Ozone Controlled Environment
test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, 3. Terminology
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3.1 Definitions—Refer toTerminology C717 for the follow-
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
ing terms used in this specification: cellular material,
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
elastomeric, gasket glazing, seal, and sealing material.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 Thecommitteewithjurisdictionoverthisstandardisnot 4. Materials and Manufacture
aware of any comparable standards published by other orga-
4.1 Elastomeric cellular materials furnished to this specifi-
nizations.
cation shall be manufactured from natural rubber, synthetic
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
rubber, rubber-like materials, or mixtures of these, with added
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
compounding ingredients of such nature and quality that, with
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
proper curing, the finished product will comply with this
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specification.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 The cured compounds shall be suitable for use where
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
resistance to sunlight, weathering, oxidation, and permanent
deformation under load are of prime importance.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on
BuildingSealsandSealantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC24.73
on Compression Seal and Lock Strip Gaskets. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C509– 06 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C0509-06R21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C509−06 (2021)
TABLE 2 Standards for Cross-Sectional Tolerance
4.3 The manufacturing process shall be such to ensure a
homogeneous cellular material free of defects that may affect
NOTE 1—Dimensional tolerances for outside diameters, inside
serviceability.
diameters, wall thickness, width, height, and general cross-sectional
dimensions of extrusions
4.4 Although under this specification the manufacturer is
A
Rubber Manufacturers Association
permitted to choose constituent materials, there is no implica-
RMA Class 1 RMA Class 1
tion that the several compounds are equivalent in all physical
Drawing Designation BEC 1 Drawing Designation BEC 1
Dimensions (in inches) Dimensions (in Millimeters)
properties.Anyspecialcharacteristicsotherthanthoserequired
Above Up To Above Up To
by this specification, which may be needed for specific
0 0.25 ±0.016 0 6.4 ±0.4
applications, shall be specified by the purchaser, since such
0.25 0.50 0.025 6.4 12.7 0.63
0.50 1.00 0.050 12.7 25.4 1.25
characteristics may influence the choice of base materials and
1.00 1.60 0.080 25.4 40.6 2.0
other ingredients.
1.60 & over multiply by 0.060 40.6 & over multiply by 0.06
A
Adapted from Rubber ManufacturersAssociation Handbook, Table 36, Fifth Ed.,
5. Physical Properties
5.1 The material shall conform to the requirements pre-
scribed in Table 1.
6. Dimensional Tolerances
for the requirements in which failure occurs. Failure in one
6.1 Permissiblevariationincross-sectionaldimensionsshall
such retest shall be cause for final rejection.
be as specified in Table 2 unless otherwise agreed upon
between the purchaser and the supplier.
8.2 Rejectedmaterialshallbedisposedofasdirectedbythe
supplier.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9. Significance and Use
7.1 Theelastomericcellularmaterialsshallbemanufactured
and processed in a careful and workmanlike manner in
9.1 Flame Propagation:
accordance with the best commercial practices.
9.1.1 This specification has two options:
9.1.1.1 Option I—Flame propagation test is required.
7.2 Thesurfacesofthefinishedmaterialshallbereasonably
9.1.1.2 Option II—Flame propagation test is not required.
smooth and free of excessive talc or bloom.
9.1.2 In case no option is specified, Option I will apply.
7.3 Unless otherwise specified, the material shall be black.
9.2 This specification has two classifications as related to
Whencoloredmaterialisdesired,itisrecommendedthatother
ozone resistance. These are Type I and Type II, with the latter
tests, agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier, be
having the greater resistance to ozone. The type should be
conducted to ensure color stability.
specifiedwhenmakingreferencetothisspecificationbutinthe
8. Number of Tests and Retests
event that the type is not specified, Type II shall apply.
8.1 Any material that fails in one or more of the test
NOTE 2—Type II is included in this specification for use where greater
requirements may be retested by making two additional tests ozone resistance is required.
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Cellular Elastomeric Materials
A
Property Limit ASTM Test Method
Compression-deflection, 25 % deflection limits:
kPa (psi) 91 to 168 (13 to 24) D1056
Compression set, 22h@70°C(158°F) max, % 30 D395, Method B
B
Heat aging , 70 h @ 100 °C (212 °F), change in compression-deflection values:
kPa (psi) 0to+70(0to+10) D865 and D1056
Dimensional stability, change, max %, after heat aging, 70 h @ 100 °C (212 °F) 4 11.4
C
Ozone resistance at 40 % elongation, 100h@40°C(104°F):
Type I 100 mPa ozone no cracks @ 7× magnifica- D1149
tion
Type II 300 mPa ozone no cracks @ 7× magnifica- D1149
tion
Low-temperature brittleness @ − 40 °C (−40 °F) pass see Appendix X1
Water absorption, max, % weight 5.0 C1083
Flame propagation:
Option I 101.6 mm (4 in.) max C1166
Option II no limit
D
Nonstaining no migratory stain D925
A
See Section 11.
B
After heat aging, surfaces of the specimen shall be neither hard nor brittle.A152.4-mm (6-in.) length of the finished extrusion shall exhibit no surface cracks when bent
on itself 180°.
C
The specimen shall exhibit no surface cracks when in the extended condition.
D
This requirement may be waived, subject to agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
C509−06 (2021)
10. Sampling 11.4 Dimensional Stability After Heat Aging—Determine
the dimensional stability by subjecting a 152.4-mm (6-in.)
10.1 When possible, the completed manufactured product
length of the extruded shape to heat aging for 70 h at 100 °C
ofasuitablesectionthereofshallbeusedforthetestsspecified.
(212 °F) in accordance with Test Method D865. After aging,
Representative samples of the lot being examined shall be
the changes in length and breadth dimensions of the specimen
selected at random as required.
shall not exceed 4 %.
10.2 When the finished product does not lend itself to
11.5 Ozone Resistance—Test Method D1149. The concen-
testing or to the
...