ASTM D2797/D2797M-11a
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Briquets of granular bituminous coals and anthracite prepared in accordance with the laboratory procedures of this practice will have flat, scratch-free surfaces suitable for examination with a microscope using reflected light illumination. The polished surfaces of briquettes prepared by this practice will contain particles representative of the original gross sample.
Samples prepared by this practice are used for microscopical determination of the reflectance of the organic components in a polished specimen of coal (Test Method D2798) and for microscopical determination of the volume percent of physical components of coal (Test Method D2799).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers laboratory procedures for the preparation of granular samples of bituminous coal and anthracite samples for examination with a microscope using reflected light illumination. It does not apply to the preparation of oriented blocks of coal.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D2797/D2797M −11a
Standard Practice for
Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by
1
Reflected Light
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2797/D2797M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Practice
3.1 Arepresentativesampleiscrushedtoaspecifiedparticle
1.1 This practice covers laboratory procedures for the
preparationofgranularsamplesofbituminouscoalandanthra- size, air-dried, mixed with a binder, and formed into a briquet.
The briquet is then polished to a flat, scratch-free surface for
citesamplesforexaminationwithamicroscopeusingreflected
light illumination. It does not apply to the preparation of examination by vertical illumination.
oriented blocks of coal.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 Briquets of granular bituminous coals and anthracite
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
prepared in accordance with the laboratory procedures of this
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
practicewillhaveflat,scratch-freesurfacessuitableforexami-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
nation with a microscope using reflected light illumination.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
The polished surfaces of briquettes prepared by this practice
with the standard.
will contain particles representative of the original gross
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
sample.
concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
4.2 Samples prepared by this practice are used for micro-
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
scopical determination of the reflectance of the organic com-
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
ponents in a polished specimen of coal (Test Method D2798)
tions prior to use.
and for microscopical determination of the volume percent of
physical components of coal (Test Method D2799).
2. Referenced Documents
2
5. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2013Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis 5.1 Grinder, Pulverizer, or Mill, for final crushing of the
D2234/D2234MPractice for Collection of a Gross Sample
sample to pass a 850-µm (No. 20) sieve. Mortar and pestle or
of Coal other equipment suitable for reducing the particle size of a
D2798Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the
250-gsamplethatalreadypassesa4.75-mm(No.4)sieveuntil
Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal all of it passes a 850-µm (No. 20) sieve (see 6.5).
D2799Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the
5.2 Coarse Riffle Sampler—a riffle with at least twelve
Maceral Composition of Coal
1
divisions of not less than 12.7 mm [ ⁄2 in.] and not greater than
D4596Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal
3
19.1 mm [ ⁄4 in.].
in a Mine
5.3 Fine Riffle Sampler—a riffle with at least twelve divi-
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
1
sions of not less than 3.2 mm [ ⁄8 in.] and not greater than 6.4
Sieves
1
mm [ ⁄4 in.].
5.4 Sieves—a 4.75-mm (No. 4) and a 850-µm (No. 20) U.S.
Standard Sieve (Specification E11).
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic
5.5 Molds—containerstoholdthecoalbindermixturewhile
Analysis of Coal and Coke.
the binder hardens.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
5.5.1 The mold shall be capable of withstanding pressures
in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D2797–11. DOI: 10.1520/
D2797_D2797M-11A.
upto70MPa[10000psi],andshallbemadeofseparableparts
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
so that the briquet can be ejected after it has hardened.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.5.2 Themoldshallbelargeenoughtoprovideaplanearea
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
2
the ASTM website. of4cm or more on one side of the briquet. (Designs of
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2797/D2797M−11a
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suitable 25-mm [1-in.] and 32-mm [1 ⁄4-in.] inside-diameter 6.1.1 Thebindershallholdallcoalparticlessecurelyduring
molds are shown in Fig. 1). grinding, polishing, and observing the sample.
6.1.2 The binder and the hardening process used shall not
5.6 Mounting Press—a manual or automated press that is
react wi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2797/D2797M–11 Designation: D2797/D2797M – 11a
Standard Practice for
Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by
1
Reflected Light
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2797/D2797M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thispracticecoverslaboratoryproceduresforthepreparationofgranularsamplesofbituminouscoalandanthracitesamples
for examinationwith a microscope using reflected lightillumination.Itdoesnotapplytothepreparationoforientedblocksofcoal.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of
this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
D2799 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
D4596 Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 Arepresentative sample is crushed to a specified particle size, air-dried, mixed with a binder, and formed into a briquet.The
briquet is then polished to a flat, scratch-free surface for examination by vertical illumination.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Briquets of granular bituminous coals and anthracite prepared in accordance with the laboratory procedures of this practice
will have flat, scratch-free surfaces suitable for examination with a microscope using reflected light illumination. The polished
surfaces of briquettes prepared by this practice will contain particles representative of the original gross sample.
4.2 Samples prepared by this practice are used for microscopical determination of the reflectance of the organic components in
a polished specimen of coal (Test Method D2798) and for microscopical determination of the volume percent of physical
components of coal (Test Method D2799).
5. Apparatus
5.1 Grinder, Pulverizer, or Mill, for final crushing of the sample to pass a 850-µm (No. 20) sieve. Mortar and pestle or other
equipment suitable for reducing the particle size of a 250-g sample that already passes a 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve until all of it passes
a 850-µm (No. 20) sieve (see 6.5).
1
5.2 Coarse Riffle Sampler—a riffle with at least twelve divisions of not less than 12.7 mm [ ⁄2 in.] and not greater than 19.1 mm
3
[ ⁄4 in.].
1 1
5.3 Fine Riffle Sampler—a riffle with at least twelve divisions of not less than 3.2 mm [ ⁄8 in.] and not greater than 6.4 mm [ ⁄4
in.].
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic Analysis
of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved April 15,June 1, 2011. Published JuneJuly 2011. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20092011 as
D2797–09.D2797 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D2797_D2797M-11A.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D2797/D2797M – 11a
5.4 Sieves—a 4.75-mm (No. 4) and a 850-µm (No. 20) U.S. Standard Sieve (Specification E11).
5.5 Molds—containers to hold the coal binder mixture while the binder hardens.
5.5.1 The mold shall be capable of withstanding pressures up to 70 MPa [10 000 psi], and shall be made of separable parts so
that the briquet can be ejected after it has hardened.
2
5.5.2 The mold shall be large enough to prov
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