ASTM E1108-86(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of the Recovery of a Product in a Materials Separation Device
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Recovery of a Product in a Materials Separation Device
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to document the ability of a solid waste resource recovery separator to capture the component(s) of interest in the desired process stream.
The recovery determined in this way is used in conjunction with the purity of the product, as described in Test Method E 889.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the recovery of a desired product in a device processing solid waste for the purpose of concentrating a component of interest. The recovery is determined with respect to the amount of the desired component in one output stream (accepts) as opposed to another output stream (rejects). The results of this calculation determine the effectiveness of component separation when coupled with a measure of product purity as described in Test Method E 889.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Section 7.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: E1108 − 86 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Recovery of a Product in a
Materials Separation Device
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 binary separator—a device that separates a single
input feed stream into two output or product streams.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the recov-
3.1.3 component—any identifiable and defined fraction of
ery of a desired product in a device processing solid waste for
the purpose of concentrating a component of interest. The solid waste.
recovery is determined with respect to the amount of the
3.1.4 feed—the input stream.
desired component in one output stream (accepts) as opposed
3.1.5 gross sample—a sample representing one lot and
to another output stream (rejects). The results of this calcula-
composed of a number of increments on which neither reduc-
tion determine the effectiveness of component separation when
tion nor division has been performed.
coupled with a measure of product purity as described in Test
3.1.6 laboratory sample (or analysis sample)—a portion of
Method E889.
one gross sample representative of a lot and taken at random
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
from the gross sample.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.7 polynary separator—a device that separates a single
standard.
input feed stream into three or more output product streams.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.8 purity—the purity of a stream is defined in terms of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
one or more identifiable components, x, y, z, etc. as separated
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
by hand sorting. The composition for any component such as x
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
is the mass of x in a stream divided by the total mass of that
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
stream. Purity is expressed as a fraction, decimal fraction or
tionary information is given in Section 7.
percent.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.9 recovery—the fraction (on a percentage basis) of a
specific component, x, in an input process stream (feed)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
captured or recovered into an output process stream (accepts).
E889 Test Method for Composition or Purity of a Solid
Recovery is calculated as a mass of x in the output stream per
Waste Materials Stream
unit time divided by the mass of x in the input stream per the
E1107 Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of
same time, and the fraction is multiplied by 100.Alternatively,
Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
the concentration of the component(s) of interest (defined as
3. Terminology
purity in Test Method E889) are measured in all input and exit
streams and used to calculate recovery.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 accepts—the output stream from the materials separa- 3.1.10 rejects—the output stream(s) that have low concen-
tion device that contains the highest concentration (purity) of trations of the component(s) of interest.
the component(s) that the device is designed to separate.
NOTE 1—In mass per time terms, Feed = Accepts + Rejects for any
conservation component if there is no storage term or loss of mass, for
example, moisture.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
3.1.11 steady state operation—a condition in which the
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,
Recovery and Reuse.
materials separator is achieving a constant recovery perfor-
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally
mance over a given time.
approved in 1986. Last edition approved in 2004 as E1108 – 86 (2004). DOI:
10.1520/E1108-86R09.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4. Summary of Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1 Percent recovery of a component can be calculated
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. either by measuring the throughput of component x (mass per
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1108 − 86 (2009)
unit time) in the input (feed) and the throughput of component 10. Procedure
x in the output (accepts) process streams or by measuring the
10.1 It is necessary that the separator attain steady state
purity of the input and output streams.
operation before sampling is done. Performing only one
4.1.1 The throughputs are measured as described in Test
recovery analysis does not ensure steady state conditions. The
Method E1107.
separatormustbeoperatingwithoutchangesinfeedquantityor
4.1.2 The purity analyses are described in Test Method
composition, and
...
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