ASTM A416/A416M-06
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed Concrete
Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed Concrete
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard types and grade requirements of seven-wire, uncoated steel strands for use in the construction of pre-tensioned and post-tensioned pre-stressed concrete. The two types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal relaxation). The base metal shall be made of carbon steel and shall undergo stranding and continuous thermal and mechanical treatment. Mechanical testing methods shall be performed to determine the breaking strength, yield strength, elongation, and stress relaxation properties wherein the strand shall conform to the required mechanical attributes of the product. Final products shall be furnished on reels or in reelless packs for packaging and marked with two strong tags for identification. The requirements specified herein shall also be applicable for pre-stressed ground anchor construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types and two grades of seven-wire, uncoated steel strand for use in pretensioned and post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction. The two types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal-relaxation). Low-relaxation strand shall be regarded as the standard type. Stress-relieved (normal-relaxation) strand will not be furnished unless specifically ordered, or by arrangement between purchaser and supplier. Grade 1725 [250] and Grade 1860 [270] have minimum ultimate strengths of 1725 MPa [250 ksi] and 1860 MPa [270 ksi], respectively, based on the nominal area of the strand.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.3 The supplementary requirements in S1 shall be specified for 15.2-mm [0.600-in.] diameter uncoated seven-wire steel strand if needed for applications in prestressed ground anchors.
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Designation: A416/A416M – 06
Standard Specification for
Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA416/A416M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2.2 U.S. Military Standards:
3
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
1.1 This specification covers two types and two grades of
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Ship-
seven-wire, uncoated steel strand for use in pretensioned and
3
ment and Storage
post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction. The two
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal-
3
Fed.Std.No.123 MarkingforShipments(CivilAgencies)
relaxation). Low-relaxation strand shall be regarded as the
standard type. Stress-relieved (normal-relaxation) strand will
3. Terminology
notbefurnishedunlessspecificallyordered,orbyarrangement
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
between purchaser and supplier. Grade 1725 [250] and Grade
3.1.1 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire
1860 [270] have minimum ultimate strengths of 1725 MPa
enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires with
[250 ksi] and 1860 MPa [270 ksi], respectively, based on the
uniform pitch of not less than 12 and not more than 16 times
nominal area of the strand.
the nominal diameter of the strand.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The direction of lay may be either
are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound
right-orleft-hand,however,strandsofdifferentlaysshouldnot
units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system
be spliced together.
are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two
4. Ordering Information
systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
4.1 Orders for seven-wire low-relaxation or stress-relieved
1.3 ThesupplementaryrequirementsinS1shallbespecified
(normal-relaxation) strand under this specification should in-
for 15.2-mm [0.600-in.] diameter uncoated seven-wire steel
clude the following information:
strandifneededforapplicationsinprestressedgroundanchors.
4.1.1 Quantity (meters [feet]),
4.1.2 Diameter of strand,
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.1.3 Grade of strand,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.4 Type of strand,
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
4.1.5 Packaging,
of Steel Products
4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue, and
A981 Test Method for Evaluating Bond Strength for 15.2
4.1.7 Special requirements, if any.
mm (0.6 in.) Diameter Prestressing Steel Strand, Grade
270, Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors
NOTE 1—Atypicalorderingdescriptionisasfollows:25600m[84000
E328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and ft], 13 mm [0.5 in.], Grade 1860 [270] low-relaxation strand, in 3600-m
[12000-ft] reelless packs to ASTM A416/A416M–_________.
Structures
5. Materials and Manufacture
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
5.1 Base Metal—The base metal shall be carbon steel of
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
such quality that when drawn to wire, fabricated into strand,
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
and then thermally treated, shall have the properties and
Current edition approved April 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A416–05. DOI:
characteristics prescribed in this specification.
10.1520/A0416_A0416M-06.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
the ASTM website. 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A416/A416M – 06
5.2 Wire—The wire from which the strand is to be fabri- 6.5 Relaxation Properties—Low-relaxation strand shall
cated shall be round and have a dry-drawn finish. have relaxation losses of not more than 2.5% when initially
loaded to 70% of specified minimum breaking strength or not
NOTE 2—Thisproductisacompositeofsev
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 416/A416M–05 Designation: A 416/A 416M – 06
Standard Specification for
Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed
1
Concrete
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA416/A416M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers two types and two grades of seven-wire, uncoated steel strand for use in pretensioned and
post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction. The two types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal-
relaxation). Low-relaxation strand shall be regarded as the standard type. Stress-relieved (normal-relaxation) strand will not be
furnished unless specifically ordered, or by arrangement between purchaser and supplier. Grade 1725 [250] and Grade 1860 [270]
have minimum ultimate strengths of 1725 MPa [250 ksi] and 1860 MPa [270 ksi], respectively, based on the nominal area of the
strand.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard.Within the text, the inch-pound units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.3 The supplementary requirements in S1 shall be specified for 15.2-mm (0.6-in.)[0.600-in.] diameter uncoated seven-wire
steel strand if needed for applications in prestressed ground anchors.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A981 Test Method for Evaluating Bond Strength for 15.2 mm (0.6 in.) Diameter Prestressing Steel Strand, Grade 270,
Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors
E328 Test Methods for Stress-Relaxation TestsStress Relaxation for Materials and Structures
2.2 U.S. Military Standards:
3
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment and Storage
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
3
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires with uniform pitch
of not less than 12 and not more than 16 times the nominal diameter of the strand.
3.2 Discussion
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The direction of lay may be either right- or left-hand, however, strands of different lays should not be
spliced together.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Ordersforseven-wirelow-relaxationorstress-relieved(normal-relaxation)strandunderthisspecificationshouldincludethe
following information:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel,Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved JuneApril 1, 2005.2006. Published July 2005.April 2006. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 20022005 as
A416–025.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 416/A 416M – 06
4.1.1 Quantity (meters [feet]),
4.1.2 Diameter of strand,
4.1.3 Grade of strand,
4.1.4 Type of strand,
4.1.5 Packaging,
4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue, and
4.1.7 Special requirements, if any.
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 25600 m [84000 ft], 13 mm [0.5 in.], Grade 1860 [270] low-relaxation strand, in 3600-m
[12000-ft] reelless packs to ASTM A416/A416M–_________.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Base Metal—The base metal shall be carbon steel of such quality that when drawn to wire, fabricated into strand, and then
thermally treated, shall have the properties and character
...
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