ASTM B777-15
(Specification)Standard Specification for Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
Standard Specification for Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for four classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal produced by consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composition of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification may be used for bare parts or for parts that may be coated with other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion; intended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or dynamic balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, radiation shielding, hypervelocity impact, and vibration-damping applications. The chemical; physical properties, such as microstructure and machinability; mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness; and composition requirements, such as density; are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for four classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal produced by consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composition of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification may be used for bare parts or for parts that may be coated with other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion.
1.2 This specification describes physical, mechanical, and microstructural testing of a material lot based on the use of test coupons, not actual parts. Sintered properties typically vary both with part size and sampling location within a given part. Results obtained from coupon testing may therefore differ from the properties of a specific location in a larger part.
1.3 Intended Use—Parts made from this material are intended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or dynamic balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, radiation shielding, hypervelocity impact, and vibration-damping applications. In selecting the appropriate alloy for a given application, it is important to note that as the tungsten content of the alloy is increased, stiffness, radiation attenuation, and density increase with an accompanying decrease in attainable ductility.
1.4 Special Applications—For particular applications, properties or requirements other than those specified in Sections 5, 6, and 7 of this specification may be important. These alloys may contain elements which make them weakly ferromagnetic. Where freedom from magnetic response is required, this should be specified in the purchase order. Class 4 is not available in a non-magnetic grade. For purposes of this specification, non-magnetic material is defined as material having a maximum magnetic permeability of 1.05 (see Test Method A342). Also for special applications involving large sections, methods for determining internal quality, such as mechanical testing of specimens excised from these larger sections or suitable nondestructive tests may be applied. If such part property data are required, an additional part-specific test program shall be specified in the purchase order.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Designation: B777 −15
Standard Specification for
1
Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B777; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for four
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal pro-
and are not considered standard.
duced by consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composi-
tion of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification
2. Referenced Documents
may be used for bare parts or for parts that may be coated with
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion.
A342 Test Methods for Permeability of Weakly Magnetic
1.2 This specification describes physical, mechanical, and
Materials
microstructural testing of a material lot based on the use of test
B311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)
coupons, not actual parts. Sintered properties typically vary
Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity
both with part size and sampling location within a given part.
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
Resultsobtainedfromcoupontestingmaythereforedifferfrom
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
the properties of a specific location in a larger part.
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
1.3 Intended Use—Parts made from this material are in-
terials
tended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
dynamic balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, ra-
terials
diationshielding,hypervelocityimpact,andvibration-damping
E407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
applications. In selecting the appropriate alloy for a given
2.2 Federal Standard:
application, it is important to note that as the tungsten content
3
Fed. Std. No. 151 Metals, Test Methods
of the alloy is increased, stiffness, radiation attenuation, and
density increase with an accompanying decrease in attainable
3. Classification
ductility.
3.1 Thetungstenbasemetalshallbeofthefollowingclasses
1.4 Special Applications—For particular applications, prop-
(see Table 1 and Table 2), as specified (see 4.1).
erties or requirements other than those specified in Sections 5,
6, and 7 of this specification may be important. These alloys
4. Ordering Information
maycontainelementswhichmakethemweaklyferromagnetic.
4.1 Orders for tungsten base, high-density metal should
Where freedom from magnetic response is required, this
specify the following:
should be specified in the purchase order. Class 4 is not
4.1.1 Title, designation, and year of issue of this
available in a non-magnetic grade. For purposes of this
specification,
specification, non-magnetic material is defined as material
4.1.2 Class, (see 3.1),
having a maximum magnetic permeability of 1.05 (see Test
4.1.3 Quantity,
Method A342). Also for special applications involving large
4.1.4 Levels of preservation and packing (see 9.1),
sections, methods for determining internal quality, such as
4.1.5 Special markings, if required (see 9.2),
mechanical testing of specimens excised from these larger
4.1.6 Method of hardness testing, if different from Rockwell
sectionsorsuitablenondestructivetestsmaybeapplied.Ifsuch
“C” (see Table 1),
part property data are required, an additional part-specific test
program shall be specified in the purchase order.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee B10.04 on Molybdenum and Tungsten. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B777 – 07 (2013). Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
DOI: 10.1520/B0777-15. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B777 − 15
TABLE 1 Composition, Density and Hardness Properties
8.3.1 Inspection Lot—An ins
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B777 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) B777 − 15
Standard Specification for
1
Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B777; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for four classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal produced by
consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composition of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification may be used for
bare parts or for parts that may be coated with other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion.
1.2 This specification describes physical, mechanical, and microstructural testing of a material lot based on the use of test
coupons, not actual parts. Sintered properties typically vary both with part size and sampling location within a given part. Results
obtained from coupon testing may therefore differ from the properties of a specific location in a larger part.
1.3 Intended Use—Parts made from this material are intended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or dynamic
balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, radiation shielding, hypervelocity impact, and vibration-damping applications. In
selecting the appropriate alloy for a given application, it is important to note that as the tungsten content of the alloy is increased,
stiffness, radiation attenuation, and density increase with an accompanying decrease in attainable ductility.
1.4 Special Applications—For particular applications, properties or requirements other than those specified in Sections 5, 6, and
7 of this specification may be important. These alloys may contain elements which make them magnetic. weakly ferromagnetic.
Where freedom from magnetic response is required, this should be specified in the purchase order. Class 4 is not available in a
non-magnetic grade. For purposes of this specification, non-magnetic material is defined as material having a maximum magnetic
permeability of 1.05 (see Test Method B193A342). Also for special applications involving large sections, methods for determining
internal quality, such as mechanical tests ontesting of specimens excised from these larger sections or suitable nondestructive tests
may be applied. If required, these additional tests such part property data are required, an additional part-specific test program shall
be specified in the purchase order.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A600 Specification for Tool Steel High Speed
B193A342 Test MethodMethods for ResistivityPermeability of Electrical ConductorWeakly Magnetic Materials
B311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
2.2 Federal Standard:
3
Fed. Std. No. 151 Metals, Test Methods
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B10.04 on Molybdenum and Tungsten.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Dec. 1, 2015. Published May 2013December 2015. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
B777 – 07. 07 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/B0777-07R13.10.1520/B0777-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA
19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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