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ASTM F1311-90(2023)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Large–Diameter Fabricated Carbon Steel Flanges

Standard Specification for Large–Diameter Fabricated Carbon Steel Flanges

ABSTRACT
This specification provides design and construction criteria for large diameter flanges for use in high temperature, low pressure service such as internal combustion engine exhaust and forced ventilation systems. The flanges shall be classified according to types as follows: Type I and Type II. Number of holes, hole diameter, and bolt circle are identical for both Type I and Type II flanges. Drilling of flanges shall be in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides design and construction criteria for large diameter flanges sizes 14 NPS to 144 NPS, for use in high temperature (1000 °F), low pressure service (25 psig), such as internal combustion engine exhaust and forced ventilation systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2023
ICS
23.040.60 - Flanges, couplings and joints
Technical Committee
F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
Drafting Committee
F25.11 - Machinery and Piping Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019
Refers
ASTM F1155-10(2015) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
Effective Date
01-May-2015
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-12 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM F1155-10 - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
Effective Date
15-Dec-2010
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-08 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
15-May-2008
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-05 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
01-Mar-2005
Refers
ASTM F1155-98(2004) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-04 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-03a - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
10-May-2003
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-03 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
10-Apr-2003
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-02 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-00a - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Refers
ASTM A36/A36M-01 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Refers
ASTM F1155-98 - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
Effective Date
10-Apr-1998

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ASTM F1311-90(2023) - Standard Specification for Large–Diameter Fabricated Carbon Steel FlangesASTM F1311-90(2023) - Standard Specification for Large–Diameter Fabricated Carbon Steel Flanges
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ASTM F1311-90(2023) - Standard Specification for Large–Diameter Fabricated Carbon Steel Flanges
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1311 − 90 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Large–Diameter Fabricated Carbon Steel Flanges
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1311; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Code of Federal Regulations Title 46, Subpart 56.30—10
(b) (5)
1.1 This specification provides design and construction
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Weld-
criteria for large diameter flanges sizes 14 NPS to 144 NPS, for
ing Qualifications
use in high temperature (1000 °F), low pressure service
(25 psig), such as internal combustion engine exhaust and
3. Classification
forced ventilation systems.
3.1 Type I—Plate flanges, for sizes 14 in. inside diameter up
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
to and including 144 in. inside diameter (see Fig. 1).
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2 Type II—Rolled angle flanges, for sizes 14 in. up to and
standard.
including 108 in. inside diameter (see Fig. 1).
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Ordering Information
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 Flanges ordered under this specification shall include
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the following:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1.1 ASTM designation, title, number, and date of this
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
specification,
4.1.2 Type and material,
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.3 Nominal pipe size,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.4 Quantity, and
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
4.1.5 Inspection of items shall be agreed upon between the
F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping
purchaser and the supplier.
System Materials
2.2 AWWA Standards:
5. Dimensions and Tolerances
AWWA C 207 Steel Pipe Flanges for Waterwork Service
5.1 Dimensions—Dimensions shall be in accordance with
4 in. through 144 in.
Table 1.
2.3 Other Documents:
5.2 Tolerances:
American Bureau of Shipping Rules for Building and
4 1
5.2.1 Plus or minus ⁄4 in. on outside and inside diameters
Classing of Steel Vessels, ABS Grade A
shall apply on flanges of 22 in. nominal pipe size and above.
American Welding Society Publication, AWS D 1.1 Struc-
The tolerance for flanges for 20 in. nominal size and below
tural Welding Code
shall be 6 ⁄8 in.
5.2.2 Plus or minus ⁄16 in. on bolting circle.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
6. Drilling
Machinery and Piping Systems.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
6.1 Number of holes, hole diameter, and bolt circle are
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F1311 – 90 (2018).
identical for both Type I and Type II flanges.
DOI: 10.1520/F1311-90R23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 Bolt holes shall be equally spaced on the bolt circle.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.3 Bolt holes provide for ⁄8 in. diameter clearance on bolts.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. Quincy
Ave., Denver, CO 80235, http://www.awwa.org. Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Available from American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), ABS Plaza, 16855 Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Northchase Dr., Houston, TX 77060, http://www.eagle.org. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130, International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Miami, FL 33166-6672, http://www.aws.org. www.asme.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1311 − 90 (2023)
7.2 Welding shall be in accordance with the American
Bureau of Shipping Rules for Building and Classing of Steel
Vessels, ABS Grade A, American Welding Society Publications
D 1.1, or ASME Code Section IX.
7.3 Flange faces shall be smooth and free of projections or
indentations that would prevent effective gasket seals.
7.4 Flanges when completed shall have no distortion,
roundness, or flatness exceeding a tolerance of 6 ⁄8 in.
7.5 The surface finish shall be a minimum of 500 μin. to
ensure proper sealing surface for the gasket.
7.6 The material to be used for this specification shall be in
accordance with Specification A36/A36M, unless prolonged
high temperatures will be required; in that case ABS Grade A
steel shall be specified in Section 4. For further guidance for
selection of materials, see Practice F1155 and CFR 56.30-
10(b)(5).
...

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1.2 In general, quick disconnect couplings are hose and pipe end fittings that permit quick mechanical attachment by means other than bolted or threaded fittings. The method of attachment is a male coupling half (adapter, tank unit) that fits into a female coupling half (coupler, hose unit) of the same size.  
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This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection, and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movement of terminal equipment and supporting structures. Materials used shall be free from defects that would adversely affect the performance of the expansion joint. All pressure retaining components shall be hydrostatically tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection, and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movement of terminal equipment and supporting structures.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Expanded welded socket joints may be used with the following pipe and tube:  
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SCOPE
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1.3 Brazed socket type joints are not intended for use on systems containing flammable or combustible fluids in areas where fire hazards exist or where the service temperature exceeds 425°F (205°C).  
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This specification provides the minimum requirements for construction, materials, performance, and dimensions of arch-type non-metallic expansion joints. Expansion joints shall be fabricated with an elastomeric tube reinforced with multiple plies of woven cloth or tire cord covered with synthetic rubber. The inner tube shall be a natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or blend of synthetic rubber. The woven cloth or tire cord shall be nylon, polyester, fiberglass, or aramid, and shall not be cotton. The reinforcing fabric shall be impregnated with a compatible friction stock. Additional reinforcement to the fabric may be provided in the body of the expansion joint and may be solid metal rings or wire embedded in the synthetic rubber. Body rings, if used, must be welded before being installed in the expansion joint body. All expansion joints shall be manufactured with a cover of Hypalon or Neoprene (Chloroprene). The requirements for (1) integral rubber and fabric flanges, (2) floating metal flanges, (3) arches, (4) metallic flanges, (5) retaining rings, and (6) expansion joint cover and body. All expansion joints shall be designed for the specified pressure requirement. Performance requirements for single arch expansion movement and multiple arch-joint movement, as well as the pressure rating, are specified. The following tests shall be performed if required: burst test for prototype testing, hydrostatic test for production testing, and flame resistance test.
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SCOPE
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This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, and valves and parts for high-temperature service. After hot working, forgings shall be cooled to a specific temperature prior to heat treatment, which shall be performed in accordance with certain requirements such as heat treatment type, austenitizing/solution temperature, cooling media, and quenching. The materials shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, columbium, titanium. The material shall conform to the requirements as to mechanical properties for the grade ordered such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, Brinell hardness. All H grades and grade F 63 shall be tested for average grain size.
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1.1 This specification2 covers forged low alloy and stainless steel piping components for use in pressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts to specified dimensions or to dimensional standards, such as the ASME specifications that are referenced in Section 2.  
1.2 For bars and products machined directly from bar or hollow bar (other than those directly addressed by this specification; see 6.4), refer to Specifications A479/A479M, A739, or A511/A511M for the similar grades available in those specifications.  
1.3 Products made to this specification are limited to a maximum weight of 10 000 lb [4540 kg]. For larger products and products for other applications, refer to Specifications A336/A336M and A965/A965M for the similar ferritic and austenitic grades, respectively, available in those specifications.  
1.4 Several grades of low alloy steels and ferritic, martensitic, austenitic, and ferritic-austenitic stainless steels are included in this specification. Selection will depend upon design and service requirements. Several of the ferritic/austenitic (duplex) grades are also found in Specification A1049/A1049M.  
1.5 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.  
1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F3110-14(2024)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Proper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter and Offset Joints

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4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, installers, and inspection organizations who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes through the use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with a Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter and Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.  
4.2 This practice applies to the following types of defects in pipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumferential cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement or joint misalignment, closing or sealing unused laterals, corrosion, spalling, wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe, deformation in the pipe and root penetration. There are no limitations on the diameters of the laterals that can be sealed. The degree of deformation that can be repaired is dependent on the minimum and maximum diameters for which the sleeve is applicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown in Appendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.  
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SCOPE
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1.4 All materials in contact with potable water shall be certified to meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements involving entering into and working in confined spaces.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E3170/E3170M-18(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing of Polyethylene Electrofusion Joints

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for the semi-automated or automated ultrasonic examination of electrofusion joints used in the construction and maintenance of polyethylene piping systems.  
5.2 Polyethylene piping has been used instead of steel alloys in the petrochemical, power, water, gas distribution, and mining industries due to its reliability and resistance to corrosion and erosion.  
5.3 The joining process can be subject to a variety of flaws including, but not limited to: lack of fusion, cold fusion, particulate contamination, inclusions, short stab depth, and voids.  
5.4 Polyethylene material can have a range of acoustic characteristics that make electrofusion joint examination difficult. Polyethylene materials are highly attenuative, which often limits the use of higher ultrasonic frequencies. It also exhibits a natural high frequency filtering effect. An example of the range of acoustic characteristics is provided in Table 1.6 The table notes the wide range of acoustic velocities reported in the literature. This makes it essential that the reference blocks are made from pipe grade polyethylene with the same density cell class as the electrofusion fitting examined. (A) A range of velocity and attenuation values have been noted in the literature (1-9).  
5.5 Polyethylene is reported to have a shear velocity of 987 m/s. However, due to extremely high attenuation in shear mode (on the order of 5 dB/mm (127 dB/in.) at 2 MHz) no practical examinations can be carried out using shear mode (6).  
5.6 Due to the wide range of applications, joint acceptance criteria for polyethylene pipe are usually project-specific.  
5.7 A cross-sectional view of a typical joint between polyethylene pipe and an electrofusion coupling is illustrated in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Typical Cross-Sectional View of an Electrofusion Coupling Joint
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) of electrofusion joints in polyethylene pipe systems. Although high density polyethylene (HDPE) and medium density polyethylene (MDPE) materials are most commonly used, the procedures described may apply to other types of polyethylene.  
Note 1: The notes in this practice are for information only and shall not be considered part of this practice.
Note 2: This standard references HDPE and MDPE for pipe applications defined by Specification D3350.  
1.2 This practice does not address ultrasonic examination of butt fusions. Ultrasonic testing of polyethylene butt fusion joints is addressed in Practice E3044/E3044M.  
1.3 Phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) of polyethylene electrofusion joints uses longitudinal waves introduced by an array probe mounted on a zero degree wedge. This practice is intended to be used on polyethylene electrofusion couplings for use on polyethylene pipe ranging in diameters from nominal 4 in. to 28 in. (100 mm to 710 mm) and for coupling wall thicknesses from 0.3 in. to 2 in. (8 mm to 50 mm). Greater and lesser thicknesses and diameters may be tested using this standard practice if the technique can be demonstrated to provide adequate detection on mockups of the same geometry.  
1.4 This practice does not specify acceptance criteria.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recogniz...

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