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ASTM E388-04(2023)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Wavelength Accuracy and Spectral Bandwidth of Fluorescence Spectrometers

Standard Test Method for Wavelength Accuracy and Spectral Bandwidth of Fluorescence Spectrometers

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the testing of the spectral bandwidth and wavelength accuracy of fluorescence spectrometers that use a monochromator for emission wavelength selection and photomultiplier tube detection. The method can be applied to instruments that use multi-element detectors, such as diode arrays, but results must be interpreted carefully. Atomic lines between 250 nm and 1000 nm are used in the method. The difference between the apparent wavelength and the known wavelength for a series of atomic emission lines is used as a test for wavelength accuracy. The apparent width of some of these lines is used as a test for spectral bandwidth.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of the spectral bandwidth and wavelength accuracy of fluorescence spectrometers that use a monochromator for emission wavelength selection and photomultiplier tube detection. This test method can be applied to instruments that use multi-element detectors, such as diode arrays, but results must be interpreted carefully. This test method uses atomic lines between 250 nm and 1000 nm.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2022
ICS
17.180.30 - Optical measuring instruments
Technical Committee
E13 - Molecular Spectroscopy and Separation Science
Drafting Committee
E13.01 - Ultra-Violet, Visible, and Luminescence Spectroscopy
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM E388-04(2023) - Standard Test Method for Wavelength Accuracy and Spectral Bandwidth of Fluorescence SpectrometersASTM E388-04(2023) - Standard Test Method for Wavelength Accuracy and Spectral Bandwidth of Fluorescence Spectrometers
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ASTM E388-04(2023) - Standard Test Method for Wavelength Accuracy and Spectral Bandwidth of Fluorescence Spectrometers
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E388 − 04 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Wavelength Accuracy and Spectral Bandwidth of
Fluorescence Spectrometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Atomic Discharge Lamps, Low-pressure, sufficiently
small to be placed in the sample cell holder of the instrument.
1.1 This test method covers the testing of the spectral
bandwidth and wavelength accuracy of fluorescence spectrom-
4. Reagent
eters that use a monochromator for emission wavelength
selection and photomultiplier tube detection. This test method 4.1 Scattering Suspension—Dissolve1gof glycogen per
can be applied to instruments that use multi-element detectors,
litre of water, or use a dilute microsphere suspension contain-
such as diode arrays, but results must be interpreted carefully. ing 1 mL of a commercially available, concentrated micro-
This test method uses atomic lines between 250 nm and
sphere suspension.
1000 nm.
5. Procedure
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5.1 The emission lines given for mercury (Hg), neon (Ne),
standard.
argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), and xenon (Xe) in Table 1 are
typically observable using standard commercial fluorometers,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
although some of them may be too weak to detect on some
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
instruments.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1.1 Most fluorescence instruments will not be able to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
resolve very closely spaced lines such as those for Hg at
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
312.57 nm, 313.15 nm, and 313.18 nm, due to the relatively
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
low resolution monochromators used in fluorescence equip-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ment compared to those used in absorbance spectrometers.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Even lower resolution fluorometers may not resolve lines
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
separated by less than several nanometres such as those for Hg
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
at 404.66 and 407.78, or at 576.96 and 579.07 nm.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1.2 In instruments using blazed grating monochromators,
2. Summary of Test Method additional weaker lines are found due to second order diffrac-
tion of atomic lines. For instance, lines appear for Hg at 507.30
2.1 The difference between the apparent wavelength and the
and 593.46 nm, arising from the 253.65 and 296.73 nm lines,
known wavelength for a series of atomic emission lines is used
respectively.
as a test for wavelength accuracy. The apparent width of some
of these lines is used as a test for spectral bandwidth. 5.2 Calibration and Adjustment of Emission Monochroma-
tor:
3. Apparatus
5.2.1 Withanatomicarcsourceproperlyaligned(see5.3)in
the sample cell compartment, adjust the position of the
3.1 Fluorescence Spectrometer to be tested.
wavelength dial to give maximum signal for each of the atomic
lines and record the wavelength reading. The difference be-
tween the observed value and the corresponding value in Table
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E13 on
Molecular Spectroscopy and Separation Science and is the direct responsibility of
1 represents the correction that must be subtracted algebra-
Subcommittee E13.01 on Ultra-Violet, Visible, and Luminescence Spectroscopy.
ically from the wavelength reading of the instrument. The
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published January 2023. Originally
corrections may be recorded or the monochromator adjusted to
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E388 – 04 (2015).
DOI: 10.1520/E0388-04R23. give the proper values. Since there may be some backlash in
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E388 − 04 (2023)
A
TABLE 1 Atomic Emission Lines for Wavelength Accuracy
Hg Ne Ar Kr Xe
253.65 336.99 633.44 830.03 696.54 427.40 645.63 450.10
296.73 341.79 638.30 836.57 706.72 428.30 722.41 458.28
302.15 345.42 640.11 837.76 727.29 431.96 758.74 462.43
312.57 346.66 640.22 841.72 738.40 436.26 760.15 467.12
313.15 347.26 650.65 841.84 750.39 437.61 768.53 469.70
313.18 350.12 653.29 846.34 751.47 440.00 769.45 473.42
334.15 352.05 659.90 857.14 763.51 442.52 785.48 480.70
365.02 359.35 667.83 859.13 772.38 445.39 805.95 482.97
404.66 533.08 671.70 863.46 794.82 446.37 810.44 484.33
407.78 534.11 692.95 864.70 800.62 450.24 811.29 491.65
435.84 540.06 703.24 865.44 801.48 557.03 819.00 492.32
546.07 576.44 717.39 865.55 810.37 564.96 826.32 711.96
576.96 582.01 724.52 867.95 811.53 567.25 828.10 764.20
579.07 585.25 743.89 868.19 826.45 583.29 829.81 823.16
588.19 783.91 870.41 840.82 587.09 850.89 828.01
594.48 792.71 877.17 842.46 599.39 877.67 834.68
597.55 793.70 878.06 912.30 601.21 975.18 840.92
603.00 794.32 885.39 922.45 605.61 881.94
607.43 808.25 920.18 965.78 895.22
609.62 811.85 930.09 979.97
614.31 812.89 932.65 992.32
616.36 813.64 942.54
621.73 825.94 948.67
626.65 826.61 953.42
630.48 826.71
A
Wavelength values have been obtained from Harrison, G. R., MIT Wavelength Tables, Wavelengths by Element, Vol 2, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1982; and Zaidel,
A. N., Prokofev, V. K., Raiskii, S. M., Slavnyi, V. A., and Shreider, E. Ya., Tables of Spectral Lines, Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1970.
thewavelengthdriveofscanninginstruments,alwaysapproach 5.4.5 Adjust the wavelength position of the excitation
the peak position from t
...

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4.1 This practice permits an analyst to compare the performance of an instrument to the manufacturer's supplied performance specifications and to verify its suitability for continued routine use. It also provides generation of calibration monitoring data on a periodic basis, forming a base from which any changes in the performance of the instrument will be evident.
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1.1 This practice covers the parameters of spectrophotometric performance that are critical for testing the adequacy of instrumentation for most routine tests and methods2 within the wavelength range of 200 nm to 700 nm and the absorbance range of 0 to 2. The recommended tests provide a measurement of the important parameters controlling results in spectrophotometric methods, but it is specifically not to be inferred that all factors in instrument performance are measured.  
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5.1 Stray radiant power can be a significant source of error in spectrophotometric measurements. SRP usually increases with the passage of time; therefore, testing should be performed periodically. Moreover, the SRPR test is an excellent indicator of the overall condition of a spectrophotometer. A control-chart record of the results of routinely performed SRPR tests can be a useful indicator of need for corrective action or, at least, of the changing reliability of critical measurements.  
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4.1 This practice permits an analyst to compare the general performance of an instrument on any given day with the prior performance of an instrument. This practice is not necessarily meant for comparison of different instruments with each other even if the instruments are of the same type and model. This practice is not meant for comparison of the performance of one instrument operated under differing conditions.
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4.1 This practice permits an analyst to compare the general performance of a laboratory instrument on any given day with the prior performance of that instrument. This practice is not intended for comparison of different instruments with each other, nor is it directly applicable to dedicated process FT-NIR analyzers. This practice requires the use of a check sample compatible with the instrument under test as described in 5.3.
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4.3 An infrared procedure must include a description of the instrumentation and of the performance needed to duplicate the precision and accuracy of the method.
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Standard Practice for Testing Fixed-Wavelength Photometric Detectors Used in Liquid Chromatography

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4.1 Although it is possible to observe and measure each of the several characteristics of a detector under different and unique conditions, it is the intent of this practice that a complete set of detector specifications should be obtained under the same operating conditions. It should also be noted that to completely specify a detector’s capability, its performance should be measured at several sets of conditions within the useful range of the detector. The terms and tests described in this practice are sufficiently general that they may be used regardless of the ultimate operating parameters.  
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4.1 An OP/FT-IR monitor can, in principle, measure the concentrations of all IR-active gases and vapors in the atmosphere. Detailed descriptions of OP/FT-IR systems and the fundamental aspects of their operation are given in Practice E1685 and the FT-IR Open-Path Monitoring Guidance Document. A method for processing OP/FT-IR data to obtain the concentrations of gases over a long, open path is given in Compendium Method TO-16. Applications of OP/FT-IR systems include monitoring for gases and vapors in ambient air, along the perimeter of an industrial facility, at hazardous waste sites and landfills, in response to accidental chemical spills or releases, and in workplace environments.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for using active open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FT-IR) monitors to measure the concentrations of gases and vapors in air. Procedures for choosing the instrumental parameters, initially operating the instrument, addressing logistical concerns, making ancillary measurements, selecting the monitoring path, acquiring data, analyzing the data, and performing quality control on the data are given. Because the logistics and data quality objectives of each OP/FT-IR monitoring program will be unique, standardized procedures for measuring the concentrations of specific gases are not explicitly set forth in this practice. Instead, general procedures that are applicable to all IR-active gases and vapors are described. These procedures can be used to develop standard operating procedures for specific OP/FT-IR monitoring applications.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this practice to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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