ASTM B223-08

Standard Test Method for Modulus of Elasticity of Thermostat Metals (Cantilever Beam Method)

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the modulus of elasticity of thermostat metals within a particular temperature range. The test is done by mounting the specimen as a cantilever and measuring its deflection when subjected to a mechanical load. Each test specimen should be finished to size by careful machining or filing after being roughly cut, slit, or sheared from the samples. Then the specimen is preformed into a shape approximating the segment of a circle and subsequently heat treated to relieve all internal stresses. To permit maximum sensitivity, any oxide and other foreign substances must be carefully removed from all surfaces of the test specimen which directly affect the electrical resistance of the electronic indicator circuit through the testing apparatus. Extra care should be taken so that the load does not overstress the specimen beyond its elastic limit, if this happens, a new specimen shall be substituted and a lighter load should be used. The modulus of elasticity of each test material is computed using the specimen size and the average deflection for a known load.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modulus of elasticity of thermostat metals at any temperature between −300 and +1000°F (−185 and 540°C) by mounting the specimen as a cantilever beam and measuring the deflection when subjected to a mechanical load.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2008
• ICS: 77.120.01 - Non-ferrous metals in general
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.10 - Thermostat Metals and Electrical Resistance Heating Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B223-03 - Standard Test Method for Modulus of Elasticity of Thermostat Metals (Cantilever Beam Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM B223-08(2013) - Standard Test Method for Modulus of Elasticity of Thermostat Metals (Cantilever Beam Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2013
• Referred By: ASTM B388-06(2018) - Standard Specification for Thermostat Metal Sheet and Strip
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B223 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Modulus of Elasticity of Thermostat Metals (Cantilever
1
Beam Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B223; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope method the modulus of elasticity is calculated from the
expression for the deflection of a cantilever beam under
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modu-
mechanical load which is transposed to read as follows:
lus of elasticity of thermostat metals at any temperature
3 3
between−300and+1000°F(−185and540°C)bymountingthe E 5 4Pl /dbt
specimen as a cantilever beam and measuring the deflection
where:
when subjected to a mechanical load.
E = modulus of elasticity, psi or MPa,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
P = load, lbf or N,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
l = gage length, in. or mm,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
d = specimen deflection, in. or mm,
and are not considered standard.
b = specimen width, in. or mm, and
t = specimen thickness, in. or mm.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Apparatus (Figs. 1-3)
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
4.1 Specimen Holder for securely clamping the test speci-
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
men in a horizontal position as a cantilever beam when
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
immersed in a bath at the desired temperature. It shall carry a
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
micrometer depth gage for reading the deflection of the
regulatory limitations prior to use.
specimen and a loading rod for loading the specimen. Both of
theseshallextendsufficientlyabovetheliquidlevelofthebath
2. Referenced Documents
to permit the operator to perform the test at the higher test
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperatures.
B388Specification for Thermostat Metal Sheet and Strip
4.1.1 Specimen holder to be made sufficiently rigid to allow
normal handling without distortion.
3. Terminology
1
4.2 Loading Rod, ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) or less in diameter, for
3.1 Definitions:
carrying the load and transmitting its weight vertically to the
3.1.1 thermostat metal, n—a composite material, usually in
free end of the cantilever specimen. It shall be made of a low
the form of sheet or strip, comprising two or more materials of
expansion material; the mounting clamp and tube shall be
any appropriate nature, metallic or otherwise, which, by virtue
madeofthesamematerialasthespecimenmountingclampsin
of the differing expansivities of the components, tends to alter
order to prevent a difference in expansion rates from affecting
its curvature when its temperature is changed.
the deflection readings. The bottom end shall be conically
3.1.2 modulus of elasticity, n—the ratio, within the elastic
shaped and shall rest in the conical punch mark at the free end
limit of a material, of stress to corresponding strain. In this test
ofthespecimen.Anysupportsshallpermitfreemovementwith
specimendeflectionandshallprovideelectricalinsulationfrom
the micrometer depth gage. Near the top shall be a holder for
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
supporting the load. The weight of the loading rod and holder
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B02.10 on Thermostat Metals and Electrical Resistance Heating Materials.
shall be no greater than 1 oz (28 g).
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
4.3 Micrometer Depth Gage,formeasuringthedeflectionof
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B223-03. DOI:
10.1520/B0223-08.
the specimen to the nearest 0.0001 in. (0.002 mm). It shall be
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mounted directly over the loading rod. The micrometer shaft
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
shall be in the same vertical line as the loading rod, so that
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. readings can be taken of the top of the loading rod for no-load
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B223 − 08
FIG. 1 Testing Machine for Determining Modulus of
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B223–03 Designation:B223–08
Standard Test Method for
Modulus of Elasticity of Thermostat Metals (Cantilever
1
Beam Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B223; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthemodulusofelasticityofthermostatmetalsatanytemperaturebetween−300
and +1000°F (−185 and 540°C) by mounting the specimen as a cantilever beam and measuring the deflection when subjected to
a mechanical load.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.2
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B388 Specification for Thermostat Metal Sheet and Strip
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions:
3.1.1
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 thermostat metal, n—a composite material, usually in the form of sheet or strip, comprising two or more materials of any
appropriate nature, metallic or otherwise, which, by virtue of the differing expansivities of the components, tends to alter its
curvature when its temperature is changed.
3.1.2 modulus of elasticity, n—the ratio, within the elastic limit of a material, of stress to corresponding strain. In this test
method the modulus of elasticity is calculated from the expression for the deflection of a cantilever beam under mechanical load
which is transposed to read as follows: E54Pl3/dbt3
3 3
E 54Pl /dbt
where:
E = modulus of elasticity, psi or MPa,
P = load, lbf or N,
l = gage length, in. or mm,
d = specimen deflection, in. or mm,
b = specimen width, in. or mm, and
t = specimen thickness, in. or mm.
4. Apparatus (Figs. 1-3)
4.1 Specimen Holder for securely clamping the test specimen in a horizontal position as a cantilever beam when immersed in
a bath at the desired temperature. It shall carry a micrometer depth gage for reading the deflection of the specimen and a loading
rod for loading the specimen. Both of these shall extend sufficiently above the liquid level of the bath to permit the operator to
perform the test at the higher test temperatures.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.10 on
Thermostat Metals and Electrical Resistance Heating Materials.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as B223-97.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B223-03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol. 02.04. volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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B223–08
FIG. 1 Testing Machine for Determining Modulus of Elasticity of Thermostat Metal
FIG. 2 Specimen Mounting Clamp Assembly
4.1.1 Specimen holder to be made sufficiently rigid to allow normal handling without distortion.
1
4.2 Loading Rod, ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) or less in diameter, for carrying the load and transmitting its weight vertically to the free end
of the cantilever specimen. It shall be made of a low expansion material; the same as that mounting clamp and tube shall be made
ofthetubewhichsupportssamematerialasthespecimenmountingclampsinordertopreventadifferenceinexpansionratesfrom
affecting the deflection readings.The bottom end shall be conically shaped and shall rest in the conical punch mark at the free end
of the specimen. Any supports shall permit free movement with specimen deflection and shall provide electrical insulation from
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