ASTM D1385-07

Standard Test Method for Hydrazine in Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Hydrazine is a man-made chemical and is not found in natural waters. The determination of hydrazine is usually made on boiler feedwaters, process waters, and other waters that have been treated with hydrazine (N2H4) for the purpose of maintaining residuals to prevent corrosion by dissolved oxygen. This reducing chemical reacts with dissolved oxygen to form nitrogen and water. However, under certain conditions it can also decompose to form ammonia and nitrogen. Hydrazine is used extensively as a preboiler treatment chemical for high-pressure boilers to scavenge small amounts of dissolved oxygen that are not removed by mechanical aeration. It has the advantage over sulfite treatment in that it does not produce any dissolved solids in the boiler water. Hydrazine is often determined in concentrations below 0.1 mg/L. However, in layup solutions for the protection of idle boilers, hydrazine may be present in concentrations as high as 200 mg/L.
Additionally, hydrazine provides protection where reducing conditions are required, particularly in mixed metallurgy systems for the protection of the copper alloys.
Hydrazine is a suspected carcinogen and a threshold limit value in the atmosphere of 1.0 mg/L has been set by OSHA. When in an aqueous solution, hydrazine will oxidize to nitrogen and water in the presence of air over a relatively short period of time.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the colorimetric determination of hydrazine in boiler feed waters, condensates, natural, and well waters that have been treated with hydrazine (N2H 4). This test method is usable in the range from 5.0 to 200 g/L (ppb) hydrazine. The range is for photometric measurements made at 458 nm in 50 mm cell. Higher concentrations of hydrazine can also be determined by taking a more diluted sample.
1.2 It is the users' responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for untested types of waters.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 5.3, Note 1, and Footnote 8.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2007
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.03 - Sampling Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1385-01 - Standard Test Method for Hydrazine in Water
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM D1385-07(2013)e1 - Standard Test Method for Hydrazine in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2013
• Referred By: ASTM F2931-19a - Standard Guide for Analytical Testing of Substances of Very High Concern in Materials and Products
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1385 − 07 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Hydrazine in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of
2 Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
1.1 This test method covers the colorimetric determination
of hydrazine in boiler feed waters, condensates, natural, and
3. Terminology
well waters that have been treated with hydrazine (N H ).This
2 4
test method is usable in the range from 5.0 to 200 µg/L (ppb)
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
hydrazine.The range is for photometric measurements made at
method, refer to Terminology D1129.
458 nm in 50 mm cell. Higher concentrations of hydrazine can
also be determined by taking a more diluted sample.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 Itistheusers’responsibilitytoensurethevalidityofthis
4.1 When a solution of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in
test method for untested types of waters.
methyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid is added to hydrazine in
dilutedhydrochloricacidsolution,acharacteristicyellowcolor
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of p-dimethylaminobenzalazine is formed. The yellow color
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
formed is proportional to the hydrazine present and is in good
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
agreement with Beer’s law in the range from 5.0 to 200 µg/L
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
(ppb) hydrazine.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
precautionary statements, see 5.3, Note 1, and Footnote 8.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Hydrazine is a man-made chemical and is not found in
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
natural waters.The determination of hydrazine is usually made
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
on boiler feedwaters, process waters, and other waters that
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
have been treated with hydrazine (N H ) for the purpose of
2 4
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
maintaining residuals to prevent corrosion by dissolved oxy-
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
gen. This reducing chemical reacts with dissolved oxygen to
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
form nitrogen and water. However, under certain conditions it
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
can also decompose to form ammonia and nitrogen. Hydrazine
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
is used extensively as a preboiler treatment chemical for
E60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
high-pressure boilers to scavenge small amounts of dissolved
Materials by Spectrophotometry
oxygen that are not removed by mechanical aeration. It has the
advantage over sulfite treatment in that it does not produce any
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water dissolved solids in the boiler water. Hydrazine is often deter-
and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
mined in concentrations below 0.1 mg/L. However, in layup
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
solutions for the protection of idle boilers, hydrazine may be
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water
present in concentrations as high as 200 mg/L.
Current edition approved June 15, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D1385 – 01. DOI:
5.2 Additionally, hydrazine provides protection where re-
10.1520/D1385-07.
2
ducing conditions are required, particularly in mixed metal-
For further information on this test method, the following references may be of
interest: Watt, G. W., and Chrisp, J. D., “Spectrophotometric Method for the
lurgy systems for the protection of the copper alloys.
Determination of Hydrazine,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol 24, No. 12, 1952, pp.
5.3 Hydrazine is a suspected carcinogen and a threshold
2006–2008,andWood,P.R.,“DeterminationofMaleicHydrazideResiduesinPlant
and Animal Tissue,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol 25, No. 12, 1953, pp. 1879–1883.
limit value in the atmosphere of 1.0 mg/L has been set by
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
OSHA.When in an aqueous solution, hydrazine will oxidize to
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
nitrogen and water in the presence of air
...