iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM F3489-23

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Polymers — Material Extrusion — Recommendation for Material Handling and Evaluation of Static Mechanical Properties

Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Polymers — Material Extrusion — Recommendation for Material Handling and Evaluation of Static Mechanical Properties

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 As noted in many of the standards in Section 2, there are multiple factors that may influence the reported properties, including material choice, material anisotropy, methods of material storage and preparation, porosity, methods of specimen storage and preparation, orientation and specimen build plate location during fabrication, testing environment, specimen alignment and gripping during testing, testing speed, and testing temperature. These factors should be recorded according to Practice F2971 and the guidelines of the referenced standards. This guide is intended to inform users of best practices for static mechanical testing of additive manufactured polymer specimens fabricated using material extrusion (MEX).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers existing standards or variations of existing standards that may be applicable to determine specific static mechanical properties of polymeric specimens fabricated with the material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing (AM) process. The test methods covered within this document are recommendations supplied coming from the experience previous material qualification programs have provided. Additional test methods may be considered as well depending when evaluating material performance for specific applications. Recommendations for material handling prior to testing and characterization are included as they can greatly affect material properties. It is for the end user to determine if the recommended tests adequately evaluate the material performance for the intended application.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2023
ICS
25.030 - Additive manufacturing
Technical Committee
F42 - Additive Manufacturing Technologies
Drafting Committee
F42.01 - Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D5229/D5229M-20 - Standard Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2020

Buy Standard

ASTM F3489-23 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Polymers — Material Extrusion — Recommendation for Material Handling and Evaluation of Static Mechanical PropertiesASTM F3489-23 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Polymers — Material Extrusion — Recommendation for Material Handling and Evaluation of Static Mechanical Properties
PreviousNext
Guide
ASTM F3489-23 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Polymers — Material Extrusion — Recommendation for Material Handling and Evaluation of Static Mechanical Properties
English language
6 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3489 − 23
Standard Guide for
Additive Manufacturing of Polymers — Material Extrusion —
Recommendation for Material Handling and Evaluation of
1
Static Mechanical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3489; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide covers existing standards or variations of
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
existing standards that may be applicable to determine specific
D695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
static mechanical properties of polymeric specimens fabricated
Plastics
with the material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
(AM) process. The test methods covered within this document
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
are recommendations supplied coming from the experience
als
previous material qualification programs have provided. Addi-
D3039 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Ma-
tional test methods may be considered as well depending when
trix Composite Materials
evaluating material performance for specific applications. Rec-
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Prop-
ommendations for material handling prior to testing and
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
characterization are included as they can greatly affect material
Composite Materials
properties. It is for the end user to determine if the recom-
D5379 Test Method for Shear Properties of Composite
mended tests adequately evaluate the material performance for
Materials by the V-Notched Beam Method
the intended application.
D5766 Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile Strength of
Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
D5961 Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Ma-
as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in
trix Composite Laminates
this standard.
D6484 Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D6641 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined Loading
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Compression (CLC) Test Fixture
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. D6742 Practice for Filled-Hole Tension and Compression
Testing of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D7191 Test Method for Determination of Moisture in Plas-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tics by Relative Humidity Sensor
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
F2971 Practice for Reporting Data for Test Specimens Pre-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pared by Additive Manufacturing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
2
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ISO/ASTM 52900 Additive manufacturing — General prin-
ciples — Terminology
ISO/ASTM 52921 Standard terminology for additive manu-
facturing — Coordinate systems and test methodologies
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F42 on Additive
2
Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
F42.01 on Test Methods. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F3489-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3489 − 23
3. Terminology 5.4 Filament Material Conditioning—Environment control
should be in place for both pre- and post-fabrication states
3.1 Definitions—Terminology relating to additive manufac-
(filament and fabricated specimens), as material performance
turing (AM) in Terminologies ISO/ASTM 52900 and ISO/
for both fabrication and testing mechanical performance can be
ASTM 52921 shall
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM F3637-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metal — Finished Part Properties — Methods for Relative Density Measurement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 General:  
5.1.1 This guide is intended to support PBF-LB process and parameter development, part acceptance criteria, and process control tests.  
5.1.2 Flaws and Defects—Fabricating fully dense parts continues to be a challenge in AM as the process intrinsically introduces volumetric flaws into a part reducing the part relative density (that is, increasing porosity or the presence of small voids in a part making it less than fully dense) and mechanical performance.
5.1.2.1 When a flaw reaches a size, shape, location, or criticality that makes it becomes unacceptable for part acceptance, it will be referred to as a defect.
5.1.2.2 Flaw or defect formation is governed by the manufacturing process, build parameters, feedstock, and geometric factors. Therefore, accurate measurement of fabricated part relative density is an important initial step in determining part and process quality.
5.1.2.3 The quantity, size, and shape of the volumetric flaws influences mechanical performance of a part, particularly under cyclic loading. These data could indicate irregularly shaped (for example, LOF pores or microcracking) or spherical porosity (for example, keyhole or entrapped gas porosity) and determine acceptability by assigning criteria. While these metrics can be quantified, in this guide, the general capabilities of each method to capture this data will be highlighted, but detailed recommendations on these data types will not be made and rather the focus will be on relative density measurements.  
5.1.3 Uncertainty and Error—Users should consider that each measurement technique considered in this guide has differing sensitivities to various sized features. The measurement methods will also have different potential systematic errors or measurement uncertainties due to sampling sizes, detection resolution, effect of surface condition, experimental set-up, or reliance on a theoretical material density. It is important that these effects are taken into considerati...
SCOPE
1.1 In this standard, guidelines for measuring post-manufacturing relative density of metallic additive manufactured (AM) parts and density assessment test specimens are given.  
1.2 In this guide, standard test methods commonly used to measure part relative density and details any procedural changes or recommendations for use with PBF-LB parts are referenced. Extensibility to other types of metallic AM processes may be considered on a case-by-case basis with user discretion.  
1.3 This guide is intended to be applied during the selection process of methods to measure the relative density of AM parts to balance cost, accuracy, complexity, part destruction, and part size concerns.  
1.4 Pore size, shape, and distribution and their implications relative to the AM process and material are beyond the scope of this guide; however, each method’s ability to obtain these metrics is discussed in the context of the various density measurement methods.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3626-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing — Test Artifacts — Accelerated Build Quality Assurance for Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide describes the use of torque and angle-of-twist data as a preliminary acceptance criteria for a production run utilizing a previously qualified AM process through periodical or continuous evaluation. A torsion device (for example, torque wrench, instrumented lathe with torque readout) is used to break strategically placed torque specimens within the build volume in the as-built state to provide evidence of build health. If a round of tests from a production run is determined to fall outside of some criteria (for example: 3 standard deviations from the mean or other user defined criteria), additional qualification procedures should be performed to ensure the AM machine or process health are acceptable.
Note 1: It is advantageous to locate the specimen at the same build height and near-critical locations of the part or component being fabricated for the evaluation to be representative of the specific region.  
5.2 This guide is not intended to replace rigorous qualification procedures and should only be considered as a preliminary acceptance criterion to increase confidence that an AM machine or process has not been significantly compromised.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide illustrates a test specimen geometry and testing protocol that can be used to assess the quality of a metal powder bed fusion build cycle as it could be affected by major system errors (for example, corrupted calibration, disrupted inert gas flow, laser wear) severely affecting the quality of materials fabricated by laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB).  
1.2 This method is designed to interrupt the manufacturing process if poor material quality is identified through go/no-go torque/angle of twist measurements of witness coupons after each fabrication.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this guide.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3624-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals – Powder Bed Fusion – Measurement and Characterization of Surface Texture

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Determining optimal strategies for the measurement and characterization of surface texture is necessary to increase confidence in the assessment of surfaces and in any further comparisons and correlations sought between manufactured surfaces, manufacturing processes, and desired functionality. Further, measurement and characterization of surface texture have implications in the field of tribology and in the determination and specification of part quality. This guide is designed to provide users of measurement technologies in both industry and academia with good practice for optimizing measurements of surfaces produced by metal powder bed fusion (PBF) manufacturing processes. While the focus of this guide is on surfaces produced by metal PBF, some of the referenced methods may also be appropriate for surfaces produced by other manufacturing processes.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is designed to introduce the reader to techniques for surface texture measurement and characterization of surfaces made with metal powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes. It refers the reader to existing standards that may be applicable for the measurement and characterization of surface texture.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    19 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3605-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Data — File Structure for In-Process Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion (PBF)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The converted file will be organized in a specific structure to reflect the relationship between the in-process monitoring data with the quality of the printing process.  
5.2 This standard file structure will help ensure the data compatibility across various printing systems, analyses, and illustration software. It aims to be self-explaining and easy to use to accommodate data sharing in a large base of users.  
5.3 The converted file can be used for the evaluation of printing quality and the detections of defects and anomalies.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides standardized procedures and requirements for converting acquired in-process monitoring data into one file representing the printing process of powder bed fusion (PBF) for quality evaluation.  
1.2 Many of the operational descriptions included in this guide are intended as general overviews. They may not present the detailed information required.  
1.3 This guide covers:  
1.3.1 Data registration,  
1.3.2 Extraction of in-process data, and  
1.3.3 File conversion and visualization.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3522-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials — Assessment of Powder Spreadability

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The overall aim of this guide is to provide a common understanding of spreadability in relation to powder bed AM. This guide provides an overview of spreadability parameters and measurement methods that could be used to measure these parameters. These parameters could be used as the basis to develop process specifications for the powder bed.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides definitions of the spreading behavior or spreadability of metal powder feedstock used in powder bed additive manufacturing (AM) – Powder Bed Fusion and Metal Binder Jetting. Definitions are made in terms of powder bed characteristic parameters, and suggests measurement methods that could be used to measure these parameters.  
1.2 This standard is intended for the producers and users of powder feedstock used in powder bed AM to provide a common understanding of spreadability parameters. These parameters can be used as the basis for developing powder specifications that ensure proper powder spreadability.  
1.3 This guide provides guidance to manufacturers and users of AM machines by providing possible techniques to quantify powder bed spreadability, and highlighting possible process parameters that may affect this spreadability. These parameters can be used as the basis for developing process specifications and for developing measures to improve the quality of spreadability in AM processes.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard units. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3606-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing — Feedstock Materials — Testing Moisture Content in Powder Feedstock

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide will help manufacturers and users of AM powder feedstocks to identify suitable methods for measuring moisture in the feedstocks.  
5.2 This guide will aid control of powder quality and allow powder producers and users of AM machines to assess moisture content of virgin and reused powders.  
5.3 This guide is intended to support acceptance and control tests.  
5.4 Moisture levels are usually relatively low in metallic powder feedstocks (typically lower than 250 µg/g) but could be significantly more important in polymer and ceramic (typically lower than 10 000 µg/g).  
5.5 Moisture may affect powder processability (powder supply and feeding, layer creation) and influence the process and properties of the printed components. As different processes and machines use powders with different characteristics (that is, particle size distribution and shape) and AM machines store and handle powders in different ways, the amount of moisture and its impact may vary significantly depending on the feedstock, process, and machine.  
5.6 A proportion of the water is physisorbed on the surface and can be easily adsorbed and desorbed.  
5.7 A fraction of the water can be strongly bonded to the surface of the powder (that is, chemisorbed) and can be difficult to extract even at temperatures significantly higher than 100 °C. Thus, the water may not all be recovered during the moisture analysis and some water may remain in the samples. Consequently, the values obtained during the tests may be underestimated. As water bonds differently to different materials, the evaporation of water as a function of temperature may vary from one material to another.  
5.8 Because of the reactive nature of powders, water may react with the surface of the powder and form oxides and hydroxides. Thus, the amount of moisture may change with time even if the powder is stored in a tightly sealed container. Reaction of the powder with water may also happen during the analysis as the powder i...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides guidelines for measuring moisture in powder feedstock used in additive manufacturing (AM). It applies to metallic, ceramic, and polymer AM powder feedstocks.  
1.2 This guide provides a description of test methods commonly used to measure moisture and references to their associated standards.  
1.3 This guide provides best practice guidance on how to apply the test methods to make them suitable for AM powder characterization.  
1.4 This guide is suitable for measuring moisture in AM powder feedstock over the range of 10 µg/g to 10 000 µg/g.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3554-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing – Finished Part Properties – Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) via Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion for Transportation Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additive manufacturing of parts manufactured via laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) processing of Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) used in transportation applications, including automotive applications. Parts made using this processing method require heat treatment to achieve maximum strength and are typically used in applications that require mechanical properties similar to wrought Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) products. Products built to this specification may require additional post-processing in the form of machining, polishing etc. to meet necessary surface finish and dimensional tolerances.  
1.2 This specification describes the required facility, training, equipment, and processing requirements necessary to support the production of parts with properties and associated quality metrics outlined in a part classification structure.  
1.3 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of PBF-LB Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) parts for defining the requirements based on classification methodology. These requirements shall be agreed upon by the part supplier and purchaser.  
1.4 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining parts that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of committee members.  
1.5 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by additional requirements in the purchase order.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3560-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing – Data – Common Exchange Format for Particle Size Analysis by Light Scattering

SCOPE
1.1 This specification has been developed to facilitate exchanging and analyzing particle size distribution (PSD) by light scattering data from databases, data management systems, point of origin, or other data sources that may use different data dictionaries, schemas, or formats.  
1.2 This specification prescribes the use of a common exchange format in such a way that PSD data defined through proprietary means can be easily exchanged for process understanding and qualification.  
1.3 This specification facilitates the interoperability of PSD data by identifying the data elements defined in standardized terminology, as well as defining those salient terms with indisputable meanings. In doing so, this specification extends the common AM data dictionary defined in Practice F3490 to encapsulate PSD process-specific data elements. Generic data elements and relationships present in that standard are inherited and applied in this practice where relevant.  
1.4 This specification specifies names that serve to uniquely identify the PSD data elements. The data type, value domain, and term definition for each data element are also specified in this practice. References are provided for those data elements with established definitions or reporting guidelines in existing standards.  
1.5 This specification prescribes a file format and structure for the exchange of PSD data. This format defines a method for sharing data via the defined PSD data elements herein and provides a basis for validation of data exchanged using this format.  
1.6 This specification recommends levels of data sharing that vary from minimal to robust. It prescribes best practices for checking conformance based on the common data exchange format.  
1.7 This specification does not specify:  
1.7.1 An exhaustive set of data items that could be exchanged related to PSD by light scattering.  
1.7.2 A definition of a minimum viable data set for PSD by light scattering.  
1.7.3 Data items or an exchange format for PSD methods other than light scattering, for example, imaging or sieving.  
1.7.4 Data elements for data modules related to PSD (for example, for personnel, material, or equipment).  
1.7.5 The implementation details of how data should be imported to proprietary data management systems from the common data exchange format.  
1.7.6 The implementation details of how data should be exported from proprietary data management systems to the common data exchange format.  
1.7.7 Guidelines for creating unique identifiers for data module records  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3571-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing – Feedstock – Particle Shape Image Analysis by Optical Photography to Identify and Quantify the Agglomerates/Satellites in Metal Powder Feedstock

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Particle characterization, especially particle size distribution, has been an important parameter for quality control (QC) and research and development (R&D) in a very wide variety of industries and markets, anywhere a particulate system is a final product or an intermediate constituent somewhere in the process. But size alone is not a sufficient morphological measurement to use to understand many factors of the complete particle morphology of particulate systems and their effects on other properties. This information is expected to contribute to the understanding of the effects of shape on powder spreadability and flowability in the creation of the bed in powder bed fusion AM and the density and porosity of the final AM parts (definitions in ISO/ASTM 52900 and Terminology B243). Ultimately, specifications can be developed for quality control (QC) tolerances for these shape parameters that can be measured with a straightforward, fast automated analysis
SCOPE
1.1 This guide explains how to characterize the quality of metal powder feedstock to additive manufacturing (AM) relative to the powder shape using automated static or dynamic image analysis by optical photography. This guide will describe the method(s) to measure powder shape parameters that can identify potentially detrimental powder characteristics and specifically describe how to identify and quantify the proportion of agglomerates/satellites and other irregularly shaped non-spherical powder particles in a powder batch.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3572-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Additive Manufacturing – General Principles – Part Classifications for Additive Manufactured Parts Used in Aviation

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to be used to assign part classifications across the aviation industries that use AM to produce parts.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to all AM technologies defined in ISO/ASTM 52900 used in aviation.  
1.3 This practice is intended to be used to establish a metric for AM parts in downstream documents.  
1.4 This practice is not intended to establish criteria for any downstream processes, but rather to establish a metric that these processes can use.  
1.5 The part classification metric could be utilized by the engineering, procurement, non-destructive inspection, testing, qualification, or certification processes used for AM aviation parts.  
1.6 The classification scheme in this practice establishes a consistent methodology to define and communicate the consequence of failure associated with AM aviation parts.  
1.7 This practice is not intended to supersede the requirements and definitions of the applicable regulations or policies, including but not limited to the ones listed in Annex A1.  
1.8 Tables A1.1-A1.3 align the existing regulations and guidance with the four part classes established herein. However, this alignment should not be construed as an alignment of the existing regulations to each other.  
1.9 The material or process, or both, in general does not affect the consequence of failure of a part, therefore the classification scheme defined in this document may be used outside AM.  
1.10 The user of this standard should not assume regulators’ endorsement of this standard as accepted mean of compliance.  
1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off