ASTM D7546-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Moisture in New and In-Service Lubricating Oils and Additives by Relative Humidity Sensor
Standard Test Method for Determination of Moisture in New and In-Service Lubricating Oils and Additives by Relative Humidity Sensor
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of the water content of lubricating oils, additives, and similar products is important in the manufacture, purchase, sale, transfer, or use of such petroleum products to help in predicting their quality and performance characteristics.
5.2 For lubricating oils, the presence of water can lead to premature corrosion and wear, an increase in the debris load resulting in diminished lubrication and premature plugging of filters, impedance to the effect of additives, and undesirable support of deleterious bacterial growth.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of water in new and in-service lubricating oils and additives in the range of 10 mg/kg to 100 000 mg/kg (0.001 wt./wt. to 10 % wt./wt.) using a relative humidity (RH) sensor. Methanol, acetonitrile, and other compounds are known to interfere with this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Warning—Samples tested in this test method can be flammable, explosive, and toxic. Use caution when handling them before and after testing.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7546 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Moisture in New and In-Service Lubricating
1
Oils and Additives by Relative Humidity Sensor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7546; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* gas flows over the heated sample and carries the thermally
evolved moisture past a relative humidity sensor. The sensor
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination
signal is integrated over time to provide a measurement of total
of water in new and in-service lubricating oils and additives in
mass of water in the sample.
the range of 10 mg/kg to 100 000 mg⁄kg (0.001 wt.⁄wt. to
10 % wt./wt.) using a relative humidity (RH) sensor. Methanol, 4.2 The sample injection may be done either by mass or by
acetonitrile, and other compounds are known to interfere with volume.
this test method.
4.3 This test method utilizes anhydrous compressed gas or
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as ambient air passed through a desiccant to prevent contamina-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this tion from moisture present in the atmosphere.
standard.
4.4 Viscous samples can be analyzed by preheating them to
1.3 Warning—Samples tested in this test method can be place them in a more fluid state allowing them to be drawn into
flammable, explosive, and toxic. Use caution when handling a syringe, or by dissolving them in a compatible anhydrous
them before and after testing. solvent. Care should be taken to minimize time spent preheat-
ing samples to prevent moisture loss.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Knowledge of the water content of lubricating oils,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
additives, and similar products is important in the manufacture,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
purchase, sale, transfer, or use of such petroleum products to
2. Referenced Documents
helpinpredictingtheirqualityandperformancecharacteristics.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 For lubricating oils, the presence of water can lead to
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
premature corrosion and wear, an increase in the debris load
Products, and Lubricants
resulting in diminished lubrication and premature plugging of
filters, impedance to the effect of additives, and undesirable
3. Terminology
support of deleterious bacterial growth.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
6. Interferences
Terminology D4175.
6.1 Methanol and acetonitrile are known to interfere with
4. Summary of Test Method
the determination of moisture by this test method. These
4.1 An aliquot of sample is heated to a temperature between
substances contribute to a high bias in the final results. More
25°Cto200°Cwith1°Cresolution.Thesampleismaintained
generally, some short-chained polar molecules mimic the effect
at a constant temperature for the duration of the test. Dry inert
of water at the RH sensor resulting in a positive interference.
Strong polar solvents, such as n-methyl-pyrrolidone, can se-
1
verely damage the RH sensor.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.96.02 on Chemistry for the Evaluation of In-Service Lubricants.
7. Apparatus
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
7.1 Sample Injection Moisture Analyzer Apparatus:
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7546 – 09. DOI:
10.1520/D7546-15.
7.1.1 FlowRegulator, capable of maintaining the carrier gas
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
flow rate within the manufacturer’s specified conditions.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1.2 Flow Meter, capable of measuring the carrier gas flow
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. rate within the manufacturer’s specified conditions.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7546 − 09 D7546 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Moisture in New and In-Service Lubricating
1
Oils and Additives by Relative Humidity Sensor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7546; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of water in new and in-service lubricating oils and additives in the
range of 10 10 mg/kg to 100 000100 000 mg ⁄ mg/kgkg (0.001 wt. ⁄ (0.001 wt. to 10%10 % wt./wt.) using a relative humidity
(RH) sensor. Methanol, acetonitrile, and other compounds are known to interfere with this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Warning—Samples tested in this test method can be flammable, explosive, and toxic. Use caution when handling them
before and after testing.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 An aliquot of sample is injected onto a heated stainless steel coil. The temperature of the coil is programmable in 1°C
increments from 25°C to 200°C. The coilheated to a temperature between 25 °C to 200 °C with 1 °C resolution. The sample is
maintained at a constant temperature for the duration of the test. As the sample travels down the coil, an opposing dry inert gas
Dry inert gas flows over the heated sample and carries the thermally evolved moisture past a relative humidity sensor. The sensor
signal is integrated over time to provide a measurement of total mass of water in the sample.
4.2 The sample injection may be done either by mass or by volume.
4.3 This test method utilizes anhydrous compressed gas or ambient air passed through a desiccant to prevent contamination from
moisture present in the atmosphere.
4.4 Viscous samples can be analyzed by preheating them to place them in a more fluid state allowing them to be drawn into
a syringe, or by dissolving them in a compatible anhydrous solvent. Care should be taken to minimize time spent preheating
samples to prevent moisture loss.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Knowledge of the water content of lubricating oils, additives, and similar products is important in the manufacture,
purchase, sale, transfer, or use of such petroleum products to help in predicting their quality and performance characteristics.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.96.02 on Chemistry for the Evaluation of In-Service Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009April 1, 2015. Published November 2009June 2015. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
D7546 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/D7546-09.10.1520/D7546-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7546 − 15
5.2 For lubricating oils, the presence of water can lead to premature corrosion and wear, an increase in the debris load resulting
in diminished lubrication and premature plugging of filters, impedance to the effect of additives, and undesirable support of
deleterious bacterial growth.
6. Interferences
6.1 Methanol and acetonitrile are known to interfere with the determination of moisture by this test method. These substances
contribute to a high bias in the final results. More generally, some short-chained polar molecule
...
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