ASTM B530-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings on Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Substrates
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings on Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Substrates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The thickness of a coating is often critical to its performance. This magnetic method is suitable for measuring nondestructively the thickness of some nickel coatings and for specification acceptance.
This method requires that the magnetic properties of the coating and its substrate be the same as those of the reference standards used for the calibration adjustment of the instrument.
5.3 This method should not be used to determine the thickness of autocatalytically deposited nickel-phosphorus alloys containing more than 8 % phosphorus on steel. Those coatings are sufficiently nonmagnetic for Test Method B 499 to be suitable for that determination, as long as the measurement is made prior to any heat treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of magnetic instruments for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of an electrodeposited nickel coating on either a magnetic or nonmagnetic substrate. It is intended to supplement manufacturers’ instructions for the operation of the instruments and is not intended to replace them.
1.2 These instruments measure either the magnetic attraction between a magnet and the coating-substrate combination (categorized as “magnetic pull-off”), or the change in magnetic flux density within the probe (categorized as “electronic”).
1.3 For this test method, there are two types of coating-substrate combinations that can be encountered: Type A, nickel coatings on a magnetic substrate, and Type B, nickel coatings on a nonmagnetic substrate.
1.4 The effective measuring ranges of instruments using the principle of magnetic attraction are up to 50 μm (2 mils) for Type A coatings, and up to 25 μm (1 mil) for Type B coatings. For gages based on change in magnetic flux density principles, the effective ranges are much greater, and measurements up to 1 mm (40 mils) or more, can be made on both types of coatings.
1.5 Measurements made in accordance with this test method will be in compliance with the requirements of ISO Standard 2361 as printed in 1982.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B530 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic
Method: Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings on Magnetic and
1
Nonmagnetic Substrates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B530; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the use of magnetic instruments
for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of an
2. Referenced Documents
electrodeposited nickel coating on either a magnetic or non-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
magneticsubstrate.Itisintendedtosupplementmanufacturers’
instructions for the operation of the instruments and is not B487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examination of
intended to replace them.
Cross Section
1.2 These instruments measure either the magnetic attrac-
B499 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses
tion between a magnet and the coating-substrate combination
by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on
(categorized as “magnetic pull-off”), or the change in magnetic
Magnetic Basis Metals
flux density within the probe (categorized as “electronic”).
B504 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metal-
1.3 For this test method, there are two types of coating-
lic Coatings by the Coulometric Method
substrate combinations that can be encountered:TypeA, nickel
B748 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metal-
coatings on a magnetic substrate, and Type B, nickel coatings
lic Coatings by Measurement of Cross Section with a
on a nonmagnetic substrate.
Scanning Electron Microscope
1.4 The effective measuring ranges of instruments using the
2.2 ISO International Standard:
principle of magnetic attraction are up to 50 µm (2 mils) for
ISO 2361 Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings on Magnetic
TypeAcoatings, and up to 25 µm (1 mil) for Type B coatings.
and Nonmagnetic Substrates—Measurement of Coating
3
For gages based on change in magnetic flux density principles,
Thickness—Magnetic Method
the effective ranges are much greater, and measurements up to
1 mm (40 mils) or more, can be made on both types of
3. Terminology
coatings.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.5 Measurementsmadeinaccordancewiththistestmethod
3.1.1 accuracy, n—the measure of the magnitude of error
will be in compliance with the requirements of ISO Stan-
between the result of a measurement and the true thickness of
dard 2361 as printed in 1982.
the item being measured.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.2 adjustment, n—the physical act of aligning an instru-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
ment’s thickness readings to match those of a known thickness
only. sample (removal of bias), in order to improve the accuracy of
the instrument on a specific surface or within a specific portion
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of its measurement range. An adjustment will affect the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
outcome of subsequent readings.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B08 on Metallic For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.10 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Test Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B530 – 02. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/B0530-09. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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B530 − 09
3.1.3 calibration, n—the high-level, controlled and docu- be suitable for that determination, as long as the measurement
mented process of obtaining measurements on traceable cali- is made prior to any heat treatment.
bration standards over the full operating range of the instru-
6. Apparatus
ment, then mak
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B530 –02 Designation:B530 –09
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic
Method: Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings on Magnetic and
1
Nonmagnetic Substrates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 530; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers the use of magnetic instruments for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of an
electrodeposited nickel coating on either a magnetic or nonmagnetic substrate.
1.2These instruments measure either the magnetic attraction between a magnet and the coating-substrate combination, or the
reluctance of a magnetic flux path passing through the coating and the basis metal. *
1.1 This test method covers the use of magnetic instruments for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of an
electrodeposited nickel coating on either a magnetic or nonmagnetic substrate. It is intended to supplement manufacturers’
instructions for the operation of the instruments and is not intended to replace them.
1.2 These instruments measure either the magnetic attraction between a magnet and the coating-substrate combination
(categorized as “magnetic pull-off”), or the change in magnetic flux density within the probe (categorized as “electronic”).
1.3 For this test method, there are two types of coating-substrate combinations that can be encountered:TypeA, nickel coatings
on a magnetic substrate, and Type B, nickel coatings on a nonmagnetic substrate.
1.4 The effective measuring ranges of instruments using the principle of magnetic attraction are up to 50 µm (2 mils) for Type
A coatings, and up to 25 µm (1 mil) for Type B coatings. For reluctance gages, gages based on change in magnetic flux density
principles, the effective ranges are much greater, and measurements up to 1 mm (40 mils) or more, can be made on both types of
coatings.
1.5 Measurements made in accordance with this test method will be in compliance with the requirements of ISO Standard 2361
as printed in 1982.
1.6
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B 487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examination of Cross Section
B 499 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic
Basis Metals
B 504 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method
B 748 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by Measurement of Cross Section with a Scanning
Electron Microscope
2.2 ISO International Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.10 on
General Test Methods.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally published as B530–70. Last previous edition B530–96.on Test Methods.
Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 530 – 02.
2
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B530 –09
ISO 2361 Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings on Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Substrates—Measurement of Coating Thickness—
3
Magnetic Method
3. Terminolog
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