ASTM D4307-99(2004)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
Standard Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The laboratory preparation of liquid blends of known composition is required to provide analytical standards for the calibration of chromatographic and other types of analytical instrumentation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a laboratory procedure for the preparation of small volumes of multicomponent liquid blends for use as analytical standards.
1.2 This practice is applicable to components that are normally liquids at ambient temperature and pressure, or solids that will form a solution when blended with liquids. Butanes can be included if precaution is used in blending them.
1.3 This practice is limited to those components that fulfill the following conditions:
1.3.1 They are completely soluble in the final blend.
1.3.2 They are not reactive with other blend components or with blend containers.
1.3.3 The combined vapor pressure of the blended components is such that there is no selective evaporation of any of the components.
The butane content of the blend is not to exceed 10 %. (Warning: Extremely flammable liquefied gas under pressure. Vapor reduces oxygen available for breathing.) Components with a vapor pressure higher than butanes are not to be blended.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D4307–99 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical
Standards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4307; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice covers a laboratory procedure for the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
preparation of small volumes of multicomponent liquid blends D1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl
for use as analytical standards. Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
1.2 This practice is applicable to components that are
3. Summary of Practice
normally liquids at ambient temperature and pressure, or solids
3.1 The individual blend components are precisely weighed
that will form a solution when blended with liquids. Butanes
can be included if precaution is used in blending them. and combined in an inert, tight sealing glass vial or similar
container. When volatility is a consideration, the components
1.3 This practice is limited to those components that fulfill
the following conditions: of lowest vapor pressure (least volatile) are added first and the
highest (most volatile) last. Mass (weight) percent composition
1.3.1 They are completely soluble in the final blend.
1.3.2 They are not reactive with other blend components or ofthefinalblendiscalculatedfromthemassandpuritiesofthe
pure components. Volume percent composition can be calcu-
with blend containers.
1.3.3 The combined vapor pressure of the blended compo- lated using the density of each component.
nents is such that there is no selective evaporation of any of the
4. Significance and Use
components.
4.1 The laboratory preparation of liquid blends of known
1.3.3.1 The butane content of the blend is not to exceed
composition is required to provide analytical standards for the
10 %. (Warning: Extremely flammable liquefied gas under
calibration of chromatographic and other types of analytical
pressure. Vapor reduces oxygen available for breathing.) Com-
instrumentation.
ponents with a vapor pressure higher than butanes are not to be
blended.
5. Apparatus
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5.1 Containers:
standard.
5.1.1 Vial, glass, threaded neck, approximately 22-mL ca-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pacity, short style. Vials of other capacity may be substituted,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
as required. When blending light sensitive components, use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
amber glass vials or wrap clear glass vials with black tape.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1.2 Bottle Cap, molded plastic with TFE-fluorocarbon,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
polypropylene, or polyethylene conical liner.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04 on
Hydrocarbon Analysis. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D4307 – 99. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4307-99R04. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4307–99 (2004)
liquid films form spontaneously on the vial caps from super-saturated
5.1.3 Bottle Cap, molded plastic with aluminum-foil liner.
headspaces and from equilibrium processes of evaporation and conden-
Aluminum-foil liners are preferred to other metal liners be-
sation (especially if the vial is cooled), all of the blend components should
cause they seal better.
be added to the blend in as short a time as is reasonable.
5.1.4 Mininert Valve, screw cap, 20 mm or appropriate size
7.2.2 For blending very volatile components, it is advisable
to match vial size used. These caps are especially valuable for
to reduce the volatility when the vial is uncapped by cooling
preparing blends that contain volatile components.
the vial to about 4°C between weighings. When this technique
NOTE 1—The use of Mininert valves is recommended when compo-
is utilized, the volatile component is added, and the vial is
nents lighter than hexane are contained in the liquid blends.
closed and weighed. The vial and contents then are chilled
5.2 Balance, capable of weighing to 0.1 mg.
thoroughly before the vial is opened to allow addition of the
5.3 Pipet, dropping, medicine dropper.
nextcomponent.Thenextcomponentisaddedquickly,thevial
5.4 Spatula, semi-micro, scoop style.
closed and the vial and contents brought to ambient tempera-
ture before the mass is obtained. Exercise care to ensure that
6. Reagents and Materials
moisture condensed on the exterior of the vial is removed
6.1 Blend Components, high-purity, as required depending
before weighing. After weighing, the vial and contents are
on the composition requirements of the proposed blend. re-chilled before the vial is opened to permit addition of the
6.1.1 To verify the purity of blend components, analyze
next component.
each compound by the same technique for which the blend is 7.3 To prepare a blend containing components at low
intended or by another suitable technique. Check for other
concentration, for example, mg/kg, where the weighed quan-
impurities such as water, if necessary. Water cannot be deter- tities would be too small for sufficient accuracy, it is necessary
mined wi
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