ASTM D892-18e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The tendency of oils to foam can be a serious problem in systems such as high-speed gearing, high-volume pumping, and splash lubrication. Inadequate lubrication, cavitation, and overflow loss of lubricant can lead to mechanical failure. This test method is used in the evaluation of oils for such operating conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at 24 °C and 93.5 °C. Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the stability of the foam are described.
1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D892 − 18 British Standard 5092
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially removed joint designation in February 2023.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foam-
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
ing characteristics of lubricating oils at 24 °C and 93.5 °C.
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the
ity)
stability of the foam are described.
D6082 Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Charac-
1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
teristics of Lubricating Oils
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
ders
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi- 3. Terminology
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
3.1 Definitions:
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a
may be prohibited by law.
fluid.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method the diffuser may be
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
made of either metallic or non-metallic materials.
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is the major component on a volumetric basis.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Entrained air (or gas) may form micro
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
size bubbles in liquids that are not uniformly dispersed and that
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
may coalesce to form larger bubbles below or at the surface
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
which break or form foam.
For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
or on the surface of a liquid in which the air or gas is the major
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
component on a volumetric basis.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.4 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
surfaces that reduces friction or wear between them. D6082
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.4.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricant is an
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
oil which may or may not contain additives such as foam
inhibitors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
2
mittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D892 – 13 . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI:10.1520/D0892-18E01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D892 − 18
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D892 − 18 British Standard 5092
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially removed joint designation in February 2023.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foam-
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
ing characteristics of lubricating oils at 24 °C and 93.5 °C.
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the
ity)
stability of the foam are described.
D6082 Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Charac-
1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
teristics of Lubricating Oils
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma- ders
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
3. Terminology
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
3.1 Definitions:
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a
may be prohibited by law.
fluid.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method the diffuser may be
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
made of either metallic or non-metallic materials.
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is the major component on a volumetric basis.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Entrained air (or gas) may form micro
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
size bubbles in liquids that are not uniformly dispersed and that
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
may coalesce to form larger bubbles below or at the surface
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
which break or form foam.
For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
or on the surface of a liquid in which the air or gas is the major
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
component on a volumetric basis.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.4 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
surfaces that reduces friction or wear between them. D6082
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.4.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricant is an
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
oil which may or may not contain additives such as foam
inhibitors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
2
mittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D892 – 13 . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI:10.1520/D0892-18E01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D892 − 18
FIG. 1 Foaming Test Apparatus
3.1.5 maximum pore diameter, n—in gas diffusion, the in which case, the time duration can be shortened). The volume
diame
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D892 − 18 D892 − 18 British Standard 5092
Designation: 146/2000
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially removed joint designation in February 2023.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at 24 °C and 93.5 °C. Means of
empirically rating the foaming tendency and the stability of the foam are described.
1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D6082 Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
ɛ1
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D892 – 13 . DOI:10.1520/
D0892-18.DOI:10.1520/D0892-18E01.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee. This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by
the cooperating societies in accordance with established procedures.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D892 − 18
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a fluid.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
In this test method the diffuser may be made of either metallic or non-metallic materials.
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid is the major
component on a volumetric basis.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Entrained air (or gas) may form micro size bubbles in liquids that are not uniformly dispersed and that may coalesce to form larger
bubbles below or at the surface which break or form foam.
3.1.3 fo
...
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