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ASTM E2256-03

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service

Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service

SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to provide the reader with a knowledge of construction examination procedures and current technologies that can be used to give an owner or operator of an aboveground storage tank (AST) in petroleum service, relevant information on the hydraulic integrity of a new, repaired, or reconstructed tank bottom prior to return to service. This guide does not pertain to horizontal ASTs, manufacture of tanks using UL 142, or to tanks constructed of concrete or other non-ferrous materials.
1.2 The adoption of the mathods and technologies presented in this guide are not mandatory, rather they represent options that may be selected to identify the likelihood of product leaking through a new, repaired, or reconstructed tank bottom.
1.3 This guide is not intended to suggest or treat any technology in a preferential manner.
1.4 The person responsible for applying this guide should be a knowledgeable individual with experience in the design, inspection, construction, or combination thereof, of aboveground storage tanks for use in petroleum service, and should also be certified under the requirements of API 653 when use is related to tank bottom repair.
1.5 This guide is written in metric measure units (SI Units) in accordance with requirements of Practice E 621. English measure equivalents are in parentheses.
1.6 The applicability of this guide to the proposed tank configuration and service conditions should be established prior to use.
1.7 This guide complies with ASTM policy for development and subsequent use of a standard.
1.8 This guide is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this guide or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, W. Conshohocken, PA 19428.
1.9 This guide is not intended for use as a model code, ordinance or regulation.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jan-2003
ICS
75.200 - Petroleum products and natural gas handling equipment
Technical Committee
E50 - Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action
Drafting Committee
E50.01 - Storage Tanks
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM E2256-03(2008) - Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service
Effective Date
01-May-2008

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ASTM E2256-03 - Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum ServiceASTM E2256-03 - Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service
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ASTM E2256-03 - Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2256–03
Standard Guide for
Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed
1
Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2256; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This guide is not intended for use as a model code,
ordinance or regulation.
1.1 This guide is intended to provide the reader with a
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
knowledgeofconstructionexaminationproceduresandcurrent
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
technologies that can be used to give an owner or operator of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
an aboveground storage tank (AST) in petroleum service,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
relevant information on the hydraulic integrity of a new,
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
repaired, or reconstructed tank bottom prior to return to
service. This guide does not pertain to horizontal ASTs,
2. Referenced Documents
manufacture of tanks using UL 142, or to tanks constructed of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
concrete or other non-ferrous materials.
A6 Specification for General Requirements for Rolled
1.2 Theadoptionofthemathodsandtechnologiespresented
Steel Plate, Shapes, Sheet Piling, Bars for Structural Use
in this guide are not mandatory, rather they represent options
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
that may be selected to identify the likelihood of product
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
leaking through a new, repaired, or reconstructed tank bottom.
A 36/A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
1.3 This guide is not intended to suggest or treat any
A 53/A 53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-
technology in a preferential manner.
Dipped Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
1.4 Thepersonresponsibleforapplyingthisguideshouldbe
A 106/A 106M Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel
a knowledgeable individual with experience in the design,
Pipe for High Temperature Service
inspection, construction, or combination thereof, of above-
A 333/A 333M Specification for Seamless and Welded
ground storage tanks for use in petroleum service, and should
Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service
alsobecertifiedundertherequirementsofAPI 653whenuseis
D 3282 Classification of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures
related to tank bottom repair.
for Highway Construction Purposes
1.5 This guide is written in metric measure units (SI Units)
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
in accordance with requirements of Practice E 621. English
E 621 Practice for the Use of Metric (SI) Units in Building
measure equivalents are in parentheses.
Design and Construction
1.6 The applicability of this guide to the proposed tank
E 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
configuration and service conditions should be established
E 1209 Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Ex-
prior to use.
amination Using the Water-Washable Process
1.7 ThisguidecomplieswithASTMpolicyfordevelopment
E 1219 Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Ex-
and subsequent use of a standard.
amination Using the Solvent-Removable Process
1.8 This guide is subject to revision at any time by the
E 1220 Test Method for Visible Liquid Penetrant Examina-
responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every
tion Using the Solvent-Removable Process
five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.
2.2 Other Documents:
Your comments are invited either for revision of this guide or
3
ASME Section V and IX Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, W. Conshohocken, PA
19428.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Assessment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E50.01 on Storage the ASTM website.
3
Tanks. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003. Published March 2003. Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016–5990.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2256–03
SNT TC-1A Society for Nondestructive Testing Recom- 3.1.7 leak pat
...

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ASTM E2733-23(Guide)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide may be used in the investigation of underground storage tank systems for equipment problems in a wide variety of applications. Use of this guide is voluntary. It is intended to assist users who want to investigate equipment failures, malfunctions, and other potential causes of suspected releases.  
4.2 The following groups of users may find the guide particularly helpful:  
4.2.1 Storage tank system designers and manufacturers;  
4.2.2 Storage tank installers, testers, and inspectors;  
4.2.3 Storage tank maintenance contractors;  
4.2.4 Storage tank removal contractors;  
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4.2.6 Petroleum release remediation professionals;  
4.2.7 Insurance adjusters;  
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4.2.9 Consultants, auditors, and compliance assistance personnel.  
4.3 This guide is intended to assist in the development of protocols for determination of source and cause of a release and the investigation of a malfunction or failure of any component of a UST system and the implementation of said protocols. This guide outlines steps that may be necessary and include, but are not limited to initial evaluation of the UST system to determine if there has been a component failure preparation of samples of failed or compromised equipment for laboratory analysis; visual; and analytical evaluation of release indications; and documentation of the investigation. The guide provides a series of investigation options from which the user may design failure investigation protocols. The guide describes common investigation techniques in the order in which they might be employed in an investigation.  
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4.4.1 To differentiate new releases from new discovery of old releases;  
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1.2 Limitations of This Guide:  
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1.1 This guide covers fencing and lighting only. More sophisticated security systems may be appropriate for the facility but discussion of these types of systems is beyond the scope of this document.  
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1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Periodic testing of spill prevention equipment and containment sumps used for interstitial monitoring of piping is required by US EPA regulation § 40 CFR §280.35.  
5.2 The spill prevention equipment and containment sumps used for interstitial monitoring of piping must be tested at least once every three years to ensure the equipment is liquid tight by using vacuum, pressure, or liquid testing according to § 40 CFR §280.35. Under this practice, an annual test is required.  
5.3 The phrase liquid tight is an ambiguous expression with the acceptable leak rate dependent upon the nature of the liquid and the purpose of the evaluated material. This practice defines liquid tight.  
5.3.1 There is no minimum containment capacity or leak rate criteria for spill prevention equipment or containment sumps used for interstitial monitoring of piping.  
5.4 Spill prevention equipment and containment sumps are designed to contain a regulated substance that is released from the primary fuel path of a UST system including leaks that occur when the delivery hose is disconnected from the fill pipe, until the regulated substance is detected and removed. There is no established maximum leak rate, capacity requirement or holding time.  
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Standard Guide for Hydraulic Integrity of New, Repaired, or Reconstructed Aboveground Storage Tank Bottoms for Petroleum Service

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Inspection, repair, and construction of ASTs in petroleum service should follow at a minimum the requirements of API 650 and API 653. These standards describe methods for testing the weld quality and structural and hydraulic integrity of new or repaired ASTs. With increasing emphasis on protecting the environment and with environmental issues related to the storing of petroleum materials in ASTs, owners and operators of such tanks may want or need a guide devoted to existing and enhanced methods for evaluating the hydraulic integrity of new or repaired tank bottoms.  
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1.6 This guide is written in metric measure units (SI Units) in accordance with requirements of Practice E621. English measure equivalents are in parentheses.  
1.7 The applicability of this guide to the proposed tank configuration and service conditions should be established prior to use.  
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1.9 This guide is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this guide or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor ...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide may be used in the investigation of underground storage tank systems for equipment problems in a wide variety of applications. Use of this guide is voluntary. It is intended to assist users who want to investigate equipment failures, malfunctions, and other potential causes of suspected releases.  
4.2 The following groups of users may find the guide particularly helpful:  
4.2.1 Storage tank system designers and manufacturers;  
4.2.2 Storage tank installers, testers, and inspectors;  
4.2.3 Storage tank maintenance contractors;  
4.2.4 Storage tank removal contractors;  
4.2.5 Federal, state, tribal or local regulators, including departments of health, departments of environmental protection, and fire departments;  
4.2.6 Petroleum release remediation professionals;  
4.2.7 Insurance adjusters;  
4.2.8 Storage tank owners and operators;  
4.2.9 Consultants, auditors, and compliance assistance personnel.  
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5.1 LPG samples can change composition during storage and use from preferential vaporization of lighter (lower molecular weight) hydrocarbon components, dissolved inert gases (N2, Ar, He, and so forth) and other dissolved gases/liquids (NH3, CO2, H2S, H2O, etc.). Careful selection of cylinder type, cylinder volume, and use of inert gas for pressurizing cylinders is required to ensure that composition changes are small enough to maintain the integrity of LPG when used as a QC reference material for various LPG test methods.  
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SCOPE
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1.3 This practice can be applied to other test methods. However, test methods that require a large amount of sample per test (for example, manual vapor pressure Test Method D1267) will require QC volumes in excess of 1000 L if stored in standard DOT cylinders or American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) vessels.  
1.3.1 Test methods for trace materials that may be sensitive to vessel surfaces (for example H2O, H2S/sulfur, or trace residues) could preferably use aluminum, stainless steel or internally coated vessels to minimize surface absorption/reaction or larger vessels to minimize surface/volume ratio.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers fencing and lighting only. More sophisticated security systems may be appropriate for the facility but discussion of these types of systems is beyond the scope of this document.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the qualification of factory assembled anodeless risers and transition fittings, for use in polyethylene (PE), in sizes through NPS 16, and Polyamide 11 (PA11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12), in sizes through NPS 6, gas distribution systems.  
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1.4 Throughout this specification footnotes are provided for informational purposes and shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
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5.1 Selection of corrosion inhibitor for oil field and refinery applications involves qualification of corrosion inhibitors in the laboratory (see Guide G170). Field conditions should be simulated in the laboratory in a fast and cost-effective manner (1).3  
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SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM G185-06(2020)e1(Practice)
Standard Practice for Evaluating and Qualifying Oil Field and Refinery Corrosion Inhibitors Using the Rotating Cylinder Electrode

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Selection of corrosion inhibitor for oil field and refinery applications involves qualification of corrosion inhibitors in the laboratory (see Guide G170). Field conditions should be simulated in the laboratory in a fast and cost-effective manner (1).3  
5.2 Oil field corrosion inhibitors should provide protection over a range of flow conditions from stagnant to that found during typical production conditions. Not all inhibitors are equally effective over this range of conditions so that is important for a proper evaluation of inhibitors to test the inhibitors using a range of flow conditions.  
5.3 The RCE is a compact and relatively inexpensive approach to obtaining varying hydrodynamic conditions in a laboratory apparatus. It allows electrochemical methods of estimating corrosion rates on the specimen and produces a uniform hydrodynamic state across the metal test surface. (2-21)  
5.4 In this practice, a general procedure is presented to obtain reproducible results using RCE to simulate the effects of different types of coupon materials, inhibitor concentrations, oil, gas and brine compositions, temperature, pressure, and flow. Oil field fluids may often contain sand. This practice does not cover erosive effects that occur when sand is present.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a generally accepted procedure to use the rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) for evaluating corrosion inhibitors for oil field and refinery applications in defined flow conditions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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