ASTM C874-11
(Practice)Standard Practice for Rotary Slag Testing of Refractory Materials
Standard Practice for Rotary Slag Testing of Refractory Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method outlines a procedure which, when appropriate evaluation methods are added, can be useful in the development of new products or in the selection of products to be used in contact with a particular slag composition.
A gradient exists through the test specimens that is controlled by the thermal conductivity of the specimens and backup material. The slag is constantly renewed so that a high rate of corrosion is maintained. The flow of the slag can cause mechanical erosion of materials. The tilt and rotational speed of the furnace will affect the amount of mechanical erosion.
Use caution in interpreting results when materials of vastly different types are included in a single run. Care must be taken to prevent oxidation of carbon-containing materials during heat up; failure to do so can result in highly erratic results. A reference refractory specimen, or specimens, should be used for comparison.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories to the action of molten slag in a rotating test furnace. A reference material should be included in each test and run for comparison. No numeric results are obtained from this test method. Numeric evaluation of test results is the responsibility of the test operator. The test and equipment are patterned after a method developed by Valley Dolomite Corporation .
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C874–11
Standard Test Method for
1
Rotary Slag Testing of Refractory Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C874; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope results. A reference refractory specimen, or specimens, should
be used for comparison.
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for comparing
the behavior of refractories to the action of molten slag in a
3. Apparatus
rotatingtestfurnace.Areferencematerialshouldbeincludedin
3.1 Furnace, consisting of a cylindrical shell, typically 18
each test and run for comparison. No numeric results are
in. (456 mm) long and with a 10 in. (254 mm) inside diameter,
obtained from this test method. Numeric evaluation of test
mounted on rollers and motor driven. Both the rotation and tilt
results is the responsibility of the test operator. The test and
of the furnace along its long axis should allow for adjustment.
equipment are patterned after a method developed by Valley
2 3.2 Burner—A gas-oxygen torch capable of heating the
Dolomite Corporation .
furnace to 3200°F (1760°C). The burner should be equipped
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
with flowmeters to monitor gas and oxygen flows.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.3 Optical Pyrometer.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.4 Tools, for (1) a means of feeding slag pellets into
and are not considered standard.
furnace, and (2) to assemble and dismantle the furnace.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.5 Gas Atmosphere Analyzer and Sampling Equipment.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.6 Mold, to form plastic, castable, and rammed samples.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.7 Molds, to form slag pellets.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.8 Abrasive Saws, to cut brick samples.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.9 Supply of Granular Refractory Backup Material.
2. Significance and Use 3.10 Safety Equipment.
2.1 This test method outlines a procedure which, when
4. Test Specimens
appropriate evaluation methods are added, can be useful in the
4.1 Test specimens should be 9 in. (228 mm) long and have
development of new products or in the selection of products to
a cross section as shown in Fig. 1.The 1.75 by 9 in. (44 by 228
be used in contact with a particular slag composition.
mm) face should be an original surface.
2.2 A gradient exists through the test specimens that is
4.2 One or more reference samples should be included in
controlled by the thermal conductivity of the specimens and
each test run.
backup material. The slag is constantly renewed so that a high
rate of corrosion is maintained. The flow of the slag can cause
5. Assembly
mechanical erosion of materials. The tilt and rotational speed
5.1 Six test specimens, as described in Section 4, shall
of the furnace will affect the amount of mechanical erosion.
constitute a test lining. This lining can be assembled around a
2.3 Use caution in interpreting results when materials of
hexagonal shaped mandrel with 1.75 in. (44 mm) faces and
vastly different types are included in a single run. Care must be
taped or steel-banded for subsequent handling. The lining
taken to prevent oxidation of carbon-containing materials
should be positioned midway in the 18 in. (456 mm) length of
during heat up; failure to do so can result in highly erratic
the shell. Any suitable granular or castable refractory material
may be installed behind the test lining.
5.2 It has been found convenient to use precast plugs to fill
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
the two ends of the shell. These should be 4.5 in. (114 mm)
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.04 on Chemical
thick by 10 in. (254 mm) in diameter to fit inside the shell. The
Behaviors.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally
hexagonal holes in the plug should match those of the test
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C874 – 99 (Reap-
lining. For basic slags, the plugs should be formed using a
proved 2009). DOI: 10.1520/C0874-11.
2
98 % MgO ramming or casting mix; for acid slags, the plugs
Cash, P., “ Measuring Refractory Resistance to Hot Slags,” Ceramic Age,
August 1966, pp. 20–29. shall be formed using a +90 %Al O ramming or casting mix.
2 3
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C874–99 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for Designation: C874 – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Rotary Slag Testing of Refractory Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C874; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice test method describes a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories to the action of molten slag in
arotatingtestfurnace.Areferencematerialshouldbeincludedineachtestandrunforcomparison.Nonumericresultsareobtained
from this practice.test method. Numeric evaluation of test results is the responsibility of the test operator. The test and equipment
2
are patterned after a method developed by Valley Dolomite Corporation .
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Significance and Use
2.1 This practicetest method outlines a procedure which, when appropriate evaluation methods are added, can be useful in the
development of new products or in the selection of products to be used in contact with a particular slag composition.
2.2 A gradient exists through the test specimens that is controlled by the thermal conductivity of the specimens and backup
material. The slag is constantly renewed so that a high rate of corrosion is maintained. The flow of the slag can cause mechanical
erosion of materials. The tilt and rotational speed of the furnace will affect the amount of mechanical erosion.
2.3 Use caution in interpreting results when materials of vastly different types are included in a single run. Care must be taken
to prevent oxidation of carbon-containing materials during heat up; failure to do so can result in highly erratic results.Areference
refractory specimen, or specimens, should be used for comparison.
3. Apparatus
3.1 Furnace, consisting of a cylindrical shell, typically 18 in. (456 mm) long and with a 10-in (254-mm)10 in. (254 mm) inside
diameter, mounted on rollers and motor driven. Both the rotation and tilt of the furnace along its long axis should allow for
adjustment.
3.2 Burner—A gas-oxygen torch capable of heating the furnace to 3200°F (1760°C). The burner should be equipped with
flowmeters to monitor gas and oxygen flows.
3.3 Optical Pyrometer.
3.4 Tools, for (1) a means of feeding slag pellets into furnace, and (2) to assemble and dismantle the furnace.
3.5 Gas Atmosphere Analyzer and Sampling Equipment.
3.6 Mold, to form plastic, castable, and rammed samples.
3.7 Molds, to form slag pellets.
3.8 Abrasive Saws, to cut brick samples.
3.9 Supply of Granular Refractory Backup Material.
3.10 Safety Equipment.
1
This practice test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.04 on Chemical
Behaviors.
Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C874–99 (2004). DOI:
10.1520/C0874-99R09.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C874 – 99 (Reapproved 2009).
DOI: 10.1520/C0874-11.
2
Cash, P., “ Measuring Refractory Resistance to Hot Slags,” Ceramic Age, August 1966, pp. 20–29.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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C874 – 11
4. Test Specimens
4.1 Test specimens should be 9 in. (228 mm) long and have a cross section as shown in Fig. 1. The 1.75 by 9-in. 9 in. (44 by
228-mm)228 mm) face should be an original surface.
4.2 One or more reference samples should be included in each test run.
5. Assembly
5.1 Six test specimens, as described in Section 4, shall constitute a test lining. This lining can be assembled around a hexagonal
shapedmandrelwith1.75-in.(44-mm)1.75in.(44mm)facesandtapedorsteel-ban
...
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