ASTM C1419-99a(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young's Modulus
Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young's Modulus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the sonic velocity and approximate Young's modulus of refractory shapes at room temperature. Since this test is nondestructive, specimens may be used for other tests as desired.
This test method is useful for research and development, engineering application and design, manufacturing quality and process control, and for developing purchasing specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measuring the sonic velocity in refractory materials at room temperature. The sonic velocity can be used to obtain an approximate value for Young's modulus.
1.2 The sonic velocity may be measured through the length, thickness, and width of the specimen.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:C1419–99a (2004)
Standard Test Method for
Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature
and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young’s Modulus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measuring 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the sonic velocity in refractory materials at room temperature. 3.1.1 longitudinalsonicpulse,n—asonicpulseinwhichthe
The sonic velocity can be used to obtain an approximate value displacements are in the direction of propagation of the pulse.
for Young’s modulus. 3.1.2 pulse travel time, (T), n—the total time, measured in
t
1.2 The sonic velocity may be measured through the length, microseconds, required for the sonic pulse to traverse the
thickness, and width of the specimen. specimen being tested, and for the associated electronic signals
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety to traverse the circuits of the pulse propagation circuitry.
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility 3.1.3 zero time, (T ), n—the travel time (correction factor),
o
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and measured in microseconds, associated with the electronic
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory circuits in the pulse-propagation system.
limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The velocity of sound waves passing through the test
2.1 ASTM Standards: specimen is determined by measuring the distance through the
C 134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements, specimen and dividing by the time lapse between the transmit-
3,4
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating ted pulse and the received pulse. An approximate value for
Firebrick Young’s modulus can be obtained as follows:
C 179 Test Method for Drying and Firing Linear Change of
E5rv (1)
Refractory Plastic and Ramming Mix Specimens
C 769 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured
where:
Carbon and Graphite Materials for Use in Obtaining
E = Young’s modulus of elasticity, Pa,
r = density, kg/m , and
Young’s Modulus
v = signal velocity, m/s.
C 885 Test Method for Young’s Modulus of Refractory
4.2 Strictly speaking, the elastic constant given by this
Shapes by Sonic Resonance
measurement is not E but C , provided the sonic pulse is
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
longitudinal and the direction of propagation is along the axis
ASTM Test Methods
,
3 4
of symmetry.
E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
5. Significance and Use
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.1 This test method is used to determine the sonic velocity
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
and approximate Young’s modulus of refractory shapes at
room temperature. Since this test is nondestructive, specimens
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
may be used for other tests as desired.
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published June 2008. Originally
published as C 1419 – 99. Last previous edition C 1419 – 99a.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Schreiber, Anderson, and Soga, “Elastic Constants and Their Measurement,”
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM McGraw-HillBookCo.,1221AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10020,1973.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AmericanInstituteofPhysicsHandbook,3rded.,McGraw-HillBookCo.,1221
the ASTM website. Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020, 1972, pp. 3–98ff.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C1419–99a (2004)
5.2 Thistestmethodisusefulforresearchanddevelopment, 7.2 Dry the specimens in an oven at 110°C (230°F) for a
engineering application and design, manufacturing quality and minimum of 5 h. Cool to room temperature. Test for sonic
process control, and for developing purchasing specifications. velocity within5hof drying.
7.3 Measurement of Density and Dimensions—Calculate
6. Apparatus
the density of the specimens by Test Methods C 134 and
6.1 Driving Circuit, which consists of an ultra sonic pulse
determine the specimen lengths by either Test Methods C 134
generator capable of producing pulses in a frequency range or C 179.
from 0.5 to 2.5 MHz.
8. Procedure
6.2 Transducer, input.
6.3 Transducer, output. 8.1 Assemble and connect the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1
andrefertotheequipmentmanufacturer’sinstructionsforhook
6.4 Oscilloscope, dual trace with a preamplifier and time
delay circuity. up precautions. If using commercially available equipment
designed to measure sonic velocity, refer to the manufacturer’s
6.5 See Fig. 1 for a typical set-up.
set-up and operating instructions. Allow adequate time for the
7. Test Specimen
test apparatus to warm up and stabilize.
7.1 Specimens may be prisms of any desired length with 8.2 Provide a suitable coupling medium on the transducer
parallel smooth surfaces. Opposite surfaces across the length, faces.
width, and thickness shall be parallel. The smallest dimension
NOTE 1—Petroleum jelly or grease couple well but may be difficult to
shall be greater than 5 times the diameter of the largest
remove for subsequent tests on the same specimen.
aggregate in the refractory. The surface on which the transduc-
8.3 Position the transducers on opposite surfaces so that
ers will be located must have a width of at least 1.5 times the
they provide a mirror image and that the distance between the
d
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